• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.278-278
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• 2009

A photovoltaic device consisting of arrays of radial p-n junction wires enables a decoupling of the requirements for light absorption and carrier extraction into orthogonal spatial directions. Each individual p-n junction wire in the cell is long in the direction of incident light, allowing for effective light absorption, but thin in orthogonal direction, allowing for effective carrier collection. To fabricate radial p-n junction solar cells, p or n-type vertical Si wire cores need to be produced. The majority of Si wires are produced by the vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) method. But contamination of the Si wires by metallic impurities such as Au, which is used for metal catalyst in the VLS technique, results in reduction of conversion efficiency of solar cells. To overcome impurity issue, top-down methods like noble metal catalytic etching is an excellent candidate. We used noble metal catalytic etching methods to make Si wire arrays. The used noble metal is two; Au and Pt. The method is noble metal deposition on photolithographycally defined Si surface by sputtering and then etching in various BOE and $H_2O_2$ solutions. The Si substrates were p-type ($10{\sim}20ohm{\cdot}cm$). The areas that noble metal was not deposited due to photo resist covering were not etched in noble metal catalytic etching. The Si wires of several tens of ${\mu}m$ in height were formed in uncovered areas by photo resist. The side surface of Si wires was very rough. When the distance of Si wires is longer than diameter of that Si nanowires are formed between Si wires. Theses Si nanowires can be removed by immersing the specimen in KOH solution. The optimum noble metal thickness exists for Si wires fabrication. The thicker or the thinner noble metal than the optimum thickness could not show well defined Si wire arrays. The solution composition observed in the highest etching rate was BOE(16.3ml)/$H_2O_2$(0.44M) in Au assisted chemical etching method. The morphology difference was compared between Au and Pt metal assisted chemical etching. The efficiencies of radial p-n junction solar Cells made of the Si wire arrays were also measured.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.817-834
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• 2014

An experimental program was designed in the current work to examine the structural behavior of ferrocement beams reinforced with composite materials under three point loadings up to failure. The experimental program comprised casting and testing of twelve ferrocement beams having the dimensions of 120 mm width, 200 mm depth and 1600 mm length. The twelve beams were different in the type of reinforcements; steel bars, traditional wire meshes (welded and expanded wire meshes) and composite materials (fiberglass wire meshes and polypropylene wire meshes). The flexural performances of the all tested beams in terms of strength, ductility, cracking behavior and energy absorption were investigated. Also all the tested beams were simulated using ANSYS program. The results of the experimental tests concluded that the beam with fiber glass meshes gives the lowest first crack load and ultimate load. The ferrocement beam reinforced with four layers of welded wire meshes has better structural behavior than those beams reinforced with other types of wire meshes. Also the beams reinforced with metal wire meshes give smaller cracks width in comparing with those reinforced with non-metal wire meshes. Also the Finite Element (FE) simulations gave good results comparing with the experimental results.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 1999년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.570-574
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• 1999

In this paper, by using the electrophoresis, preparation of YBCO superconducting wire deposited on metal Ag base wire was studied with its Properties. YBCO Powder could be prepared by solid state reactions with calcining and sintering processes. Superconducting wire prepared on metal Ag wire used as cathode of deposition base could be also fabricated in the YBCO/acetone-dispersed solution to obtain several tens of re thick films. And then it could be used as superconducting wire for measurement after calcination, sintering and oxygen absorption processes. In the process of film deposition, a catalyst I$_2$added into the suspension solution was very useful for preparing thick film of YBCO, and BaF$_2$ of additive material was also necessary for preparing crack-free wire of YBCO superconductor. As a result, YBCO superconducting wire added 2~3wt.% of BaF$_2$\ulcorner with catalyst, 12 had better deposition condition for uniform and dense YBCO wires, and critical current density, Jc was calculated at the value of 1,458A/$\textrm{cm}^2$(more than 10$^{3}$A/$\textrm{cm}^2$ ,77K, o[T]) of 30${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ thick sample by 4 point prove method.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.338-346
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• 2019

During last years, hydrogen refueling infrastructure test and devices research for hydrogen station presented a significant growth consisting of the commercialization of fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs). However, we still have many challenges for making commercial hydrogen stations such as increased safety and cost reduction. This study demonstrates the low cost hydrogen storage tank (type 2) and effective winding method for high pressure hydrogen storage. We use numerical analysis to verify stress changes inside the wire according to the winding condition. Also liner size, winding wire size and wire tension were studied for the safety and cost down. Results show that the stress of winding wire decreased with increased winding angle and increased the liner diameter. On the other hand, the stress of winding wire increased according to the increased wire thickness and tension.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.117-129
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• 2002

Concentration of welding fumes and their components is known to be hazardous to welder and adjacent worker. To determine the generation rates of metals in fumes, $CO_2$ flux cored arc welding on stainless steel was performed in well designed fume collection chamber. Variables were different products of flux cored wire(2 domestic products and 4 foreign products) and input energy(low-, optimal- , high input energy). Mass of welding fumes was determined by gravimetric method(NIOSH 0500 method), and 17 metals were analysed by inductively coupled plasm-atomic emission spectroscopy(NIOSH 7300 method). Flux cored wire tube and flux were analysed by scanning electron microscopy to determine their metal composition. 17 metals were classified by their generation rates. Generation rates of iron, manganese, potassium and sodium were all above 50mg/min at optimal input energy level. Generation rates of chromium and amorphous silica were 25~50mg/min. At 1~25mg/min level, nickel, titanium, molybdenum, and aluminum were included. Copper, zinc, calcium, lead, magnesium, lithium, and cobalt were generated below 1 mg/min. Generation rates of metal components in fumes were influenced by input energy, types of flux cored wire. Flux cored wire was consisted of outer shell tube and inner flux. Iron, chromium, and nickel were the major components of outer tube. Flux contained iron, chromium, nickel, potassium, sodium, silica, and manganese. The use of flux cored wire can increase the hazards by increasing the amounts of fumes formed relative to that of solid wire. The reason might be the direct transfer of elements from the flux, since the flux is fine power. Ratio of metals to the fume of flux cored wire was lower than that of solid wire because non-metal components of flux were transferred. Total metal content of fumes in flux cored arc welding was 47.4(24.3~57.2) percent that is much lower than that of solid wire, 75.9 percent. We found that generation rates of iron, manganese, chromium and nickel, all well known to cause work related disease to welder, increased more rapidly with increasing input energy than those of fumes. To reduce worker exposure to fumes and hazardous component at source, further research is needed to develop new welding filler materials that decrease both the amount of fumes and hazardous components.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.63-67
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 대면적 나노 금속 격자형 편광 필름 제작에서 증착 두께에 따른 광 특성 연구를 수행하였다. 나노 금속 격자형 편광필름은 PET(Polyethylene phthalate)기판 위에 알루미늄 선 격자 구조로 구성된다. 본 연구에서는 대면적 편광필름 제작을 위한 증착공정을 통한 금속 격자 형성을 목표로 하였으며, 금속 격자형 편광 필름 제작에 있어 최적의 투과율과 소광비를 가지는 금속 박막 형성 조건을 도출하였다. 최적화 공정에 의해 나노 금속 격자형 편광필름은 140 nm 주기, 70 nm 선폭, 70 nm의 금속층 높이를 가지는 금속 격자 구조로 제작 되었다. 분석결과 600 nm 파장에서 80% 이상의 최고 투과율 및 $10^6$ 이상의 소광비를 가지는 나노 금속 격자 편광필름의 높은 광 특성을 확인하였다.

• 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국분말야금학회 2000년도 추계학술대회 및 발표대회 강연 및 발표논문 초록집
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• pp.39-39
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• 2000

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2009년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.440-440
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• 2009

Semiconductor nanowires offer exciting possibilities as components of solar cells and have already found applications as active elements in organic, dye-sensitized, quantum-dot sensitized, liquid-junction, and inorganic solid-state devices. Among many semiconductors, silicon is by far the dominant material used for worldwide photovoltaic energy conversion and solar cell manufacture. For silicon wire to be used for solar device, well aligned wire arrays need to be fabricated vertically or horizontally. Macroscopic silicon wire arrays suitable for photovoltaic applications have been commonly grown by the vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) process using metal catalysts such as Au, Ni, Pt, Cu. In the case, the impurity issues inside wire originated from metal catalyst are inevitable, leading to lowering the efficiency of solar cell. To escape from the problem, the wires of purity of wafer are the best for high efficiency of photovoltaic device. The fabrication of wire arrays by the electrochemical etching of silicon wafer with photolithography can solve the contamination of metal catalyst. In this presentation, we introduce silicon wire arrays by electrochemical etching method and then fabrication methods of radial p-n junction wire array solar cell and the various merits compared with conventional silicon solar cells.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.942-945
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• 2005

Micron-sized metal wires are widely used in industries such as filtration, catalyst and composite materials, etc. In the wire drawing process, the die that is used conventionally is an effective and, at the same time, sensitive component. However, a typical array of the dies has caused many problems in the wire drawing process, e.g., large frictional force on the interface between wire and the resulting high heat generation, precise adjustment of the dies, extended cooling system, die abrasion, etc.. Because of these problems, there have been many works that are aiming at improving the efficiency of wire drawing process by analyzing the die geometry and by applying advanced die material to prolong the die life or even at developing a dieless wire drawing system. This paper is dealing with developing a new wire drawing system that is applicable to reduce the wire drawing steps with high draw ratio. The new wire drawing system does not use the dies, but use the self-induced heater that works on the basis of the resonant phenomenon of wire material. The electromagnetic wave is the heating source. The results of the study on the diameter reduction and microwave flow analysis show that the heating effectiveness of the wire is influenced by the energy distribution in the microwave propagation chamber. We can obtain diameter-reduced wires by using microwave in the dieless drawing process. Microwave as a heating source is capable of producing wires without applying dies in wire drawing process.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.107-112
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• 1999

성인 교정 환자가 증가됨에 따라 교정장치의 심미성이 요구되고 있다. 교정 장치의 심미적 증진을 위해 개발된 브라켓들로는 세라믹, 콤포지트 레진 브라켓, 타이타늄 브라켓등이 소개되고 있다. 콤포지트 레진 브라켓은 우수한 색상 및 투과성이 장점이나 높은 마찰력과 낮은 취성의 단점을 갖고 있다. 이러한 단점을 보완하기 위하여 최근 개발된 세라믹 또는 레진 브라켓(metal reinforced bracket)은 마찰력을 감소시키고 강도를 증가시키기 위하여 브라켓의 슬롯에 메탈을 삽입하고 있다. 그러나 지금까지 이러한 metal reinforced resin bracket(이후 MRRB)의 물성에 관한 연구가 미진하였다. 특히 이러한 브라켓과 교정용 철선의 마찰력에 관한 연구가 미흡하기에 본 연구를 시행하였다. 본 연구는 4종의 교정용 철사(.016 S-S, .0l6X.022 S-S, .016 $TMA^{\circledR}$, .0l7X.025 $TMA^{\circledR}$)와 5종의 브라켓을 사용하였다. 사용된 브라켓들로는 메탈 1종(Ormco.Co., U.S.A)자 세라믹 1종($Crystalline^{\circledR}$), 콤포지트 레진 1종(Clear Medium $Siamase^{\circledR}$), 메탈 슬롯이 삽입된 콤포지트 레진2종($Plastic^{\circledR},\;Spirit^{\circledR}$)의 마찰력을 서로 비교하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. ceramic bracket과 resin bracket은 metal reinforced resin bracket과 metal bracket보다 마찰력이 유의성 있게 크게 나타났다. 2. metal reinforced resin bracket의 slot내 metal의 삽입형태에 따른 마찰력의 크기는 유의차가 없었다. 3. metal reinforced resin bracket과 metal bracket사이의 마찰력의 크기는 유의차가 없었다. 4.. 교정용 철선과 각 브라켓 비교에서 TMA, Stainless steel 순으로 마찰력이 적게 나타났다.