• 청정기술
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.38-42
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• 2012

정보 전달의 수단으로의 빛을 제어하는 기술에 대한 연구가 활발한 가운데, 최근 가장 각광 받고 있는 것이 광결정(Photonic crystals)을 갖는 물질이다. 이를 합성하는 다양한 방법 중에서 초임계 증착법(Supercritical deposition)을 사용하면, 복잡한 내부 구조물까지의 반응물의 침투가 용이하여 신속하고 효율적인 공정이 가능하다. 본 논문에서는 비독성, 비인화성 등으로 친환경 초임계 용매인 초임계 이산화탄소(Supercritical carbon dioxide) 분위기 하에서 고분자 콜로이드 주형에 금속 알콕사이드를 코팅하는 방법으로 매크로 기공을 갖는 역 오팔(Inverse opals) 구조물을 합성하였다. 반응온도와 압력은 $40^{\circ}C$와 80 bar로 고정하였으며, 반응 시간과 반응물의 비율을 조절하여 역 오팔의 구조의 변화를 살펴보았다. 실험에는 금속 알콕사이드로써 Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS)와 Titanium (IV) isopropoxide (TTIP)가 사용되었으며, 각각을 통하여 실리카와 타이타니아 역 오팔을 합성할 수 있었다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.206-212
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• 2002

The NS2B-NS3(pro) polyprotein segment from the dengue virus serotype 2 strain 16681 was purified from overexpressing E. coli by metal chelate affinity chromatography and gel filtration. Enzymatic activity of the refolded NS2B-NS3(pro) protease complex was determined in vitro with dansyl-labeled peptide substrates, based upon native dengue virus type 2 cleavage sites. The 12mer substrate peptides and the cleavage products could be separated by reversed-phase HPLC, and were identified by UV and fluorescence detection. All of the peptide substrates (representing the DEN polyprotein junction sequences at the NS2A/NS2B, NS2B/NS3, NS3/NS4A and NS4B/NS5 sites) were cleaved by the recombinant protease NS2B-NS3(pro). No cleavage was observed with an enzymatically inactive S135A mutant of the NS3 protein, or with a modified substrate peptide of the NS3/NS4A polyprotein site that contained a K2093A substitution. Enzymatic activity was dependent on the salt concentration. A 50% decrease of activity was observed in the presence of 0.1M sodium chloride. Our results show that the NS3 protease activity of the refolded NS2B-NS3(pro) protein can be assayed in vitro with high specificity by using cleavage-junction derived peptide substrates.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.433-436
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• 2013

Carbon-coated $Li_3V_2(PO_4)_3-LiMnPO_4$ composite cathode materials are first reported in this work, prepared by the mechanochemical process with a complex metal oxide as the precursor and sucrose as the carbon source. X-ray diffraction pattern of the composite material indicates that both olivine $LiMnPO_4$ and monoclinic $Li_3V_2(PO_4)_3$ co-exist. We further investigated the electrochemical properties of our $Li_3V_2(PO_4)_3-LiMnPO_4$ composite cathode materials using galvanostatic charging/discharging tests, where our $Li_3V_2(PO_4)_3-LiMnPO_4$ composite electrode materials exhibit the charge/discharge efficiency of 91.9%, while $Li_3V_2(PO_4)_3$ and $LiMnPO_4$ exhibit the efficiency of 87.7 and 86.7% in the first cycle. The composites display unique electrochemical performances in terms of overvoltage and cycle stability, displaying a reduced gap of 141.6 mV between charge and discharge voltage and 95.0% capacity efficiency after $15^{th}$ cycles.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제27권11호
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• pp.1757-1762
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• 2006

A solvent sublation using salphen as a ligand was studied and applied for the determination of trace Ni(II), Co(II) and Cu(II) in water samples. The fundamental study was investigated by a solvent extraction process because the solvent sublation was done by extracting the floated analytes into an organic solvent from the aqueous solution. The salphen complexes of Ni(II), Co(II) and Cu(II) ions were formed in an alkaline solution of more than pH 8 and then they were extracted into m-xylene. It was known that the each metallic ion formed 1 : 1 complex with the salphen and the logarithmic values of extraction constants for the complexes were 3.3 5.1 as an average value. Based on the preliminary study, the procedure was fixed for the separation and concentration of the analytes in samples. Various conditions such as the pH of solutions, the influence of $NaClO_4$, the bubbling rate and time of $N_2$ gas, and the type of organic solvent were optimized. The metal-salphen complexes could be extracted into m-xylene from the solution of more than pH 8, but the pH could be shifted to acidic solution of pH 6 by the addition of $NaClO_4$. In addition, the solvent sublation efficiency of the analytes was increased by adding $NaClO_4$. The recovery of 97-115% was obtained in the spiked samples in which given amounts of 0.3 mg/L Ni(II), 0.8 mg/L Co(II) and 0.04 mg/L Cu(II) were added.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.58-63
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• 2020

착화기에 많이 사용되고 있는 금속복합화약인 THPP(Titanium Hydride Potassium Perchlorate)는 금속연료로 타이타늄 수소화물(TiH₂), 산화제로 과염소산칼륨(KClO₄)을 주요 구성 성분으로 하는 파이로 테크닉 조성물이다. 그러나 산화제로 사용되는 과염소산칼륨은 갑상선 기능부전이나 종양 등을 일으킬 수 있는 유해물질로 염소 성분인 과염소산(ClO₄^-)이 포함되어 있다. 본 연구에서는 과염소산칼륨의 대체물질로서 과옥소산칼륨(KIO₄)을 적용하여 친환경 화약을 개발하였으며, 착화기에 적용하여 THPP 대체가능성을 확인하였다.

• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국표면공학회 2001년도 추계학술발표회 초록집
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• pp.67-67
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• 2001

The structure zone model has been used to provide an overview of the relationship between the microstructure of the films deposited by PVD and the most prominent deposition condition.s. B.AMovchan and AV.Demchishin have proposed it firstls such model. They concluded that the general features of the resulting structures could be correlated into three zones depending on $T/T_m$. Here T m is the melting point of the coating material and T is the substrate temperature in kelvines. Zone 1 ($T/Tm_) is dominated by tapered macrograins with domed tops, zone 2 ($O.3) by columnar grains with denser boundaries and zone 3 ($T/T_m>O.5$) by equiaxed grains formed by recrystallization. J.AThomton has extended this model to include the effect of the sputtering gas pressure and found a fourth zone termed zone T(transition zone) consisting of a dense array of poorly defined fibrous grains. R.Messier found that the zone I-T boundary (fourth zone of Thorton) varies in a fashion similar to the film bias potential as a function of gas pressure. However, there has not nearly enough model for explaining the change in morphology with crystal orientation of the films. The structure zone model only provide an information about the morphology of the deposited film. In general, the nucleation and growth mechanism for granular and fine structure of the deposited films are very complex in an PVD technique because the morphology and orientation depend not only on the substrate temperature but also on the energy of deposition of the atoms or ions, the kinetic mechanism between metal atoms and argon or nitrogen gas, and even on the presence of impurities. In order to clarify these relationship, AI and Mg thin films were prepared on SPCC steel substrates by PVD techniques. The influence of gas pressures and bias voltages on their crystal orientation and morphology of the prepared films were investigated by SEM and XRD, respectively. And the effect of crystal orientation and morphology of the prepared films on corrosion resistance was estimated by measuring polarization curves in 3% NaCI solution.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.64-75
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• 1998

본 연구의 목적은 분무배소법에 의해 조성과 입도분포가 매우 균일하고 고순도인 Fe 산화물과 Mn 산화물의 복합산화물 또는 Mn 페라이트 분말을 제조하는데 있다. 본 연구에서는 우선 염산 용액에$SiO_2$, P, Al, Ca, Na 등의 불순물들을 다량 함유하고 있는 Fe와 Mn 성분을 정해진 조성으로 용해시킴으로써 분무배소의 원료용액을 제조하였다. Na와 Ca를 제외한 대부분의 불순물들은 원료 산 용액의 pH를 약 3이상으로 유지시킴으로써 공침현상에 의해 효과적으로 제거되었으며 Na와 Ca 성분은 분말제조 후 수세에 의해 제거가 가능하였다. 반면 PVA, resin amine 등의 고분자 응집제들은 불순물 제거에 거의 효과가 없는 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구에서는 불순물들이 효과적으로 제거된 정제된 산 용액을 노즐을 이용하여 고온의 배소로 내로 분무시킴으로써 Fe 산화물과 Mn 산화물의 복합 산화물 또는 Mn 페라이트 분말을 제조하였다. 이때 생성된 분말들은 매우 균일하게 혼합되어 있었으며, 배소로 내에서의 반응온도가 증가할수록 생성된 분말의 입도는 증가하였다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.361-366
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• 2002

Spinel $LiMn_{2-y}M_yO_4$ and $LiMn_{2-y}M_yO_4$ (M=Mg, Zn) powders were synthesized by solid-state method at $800^{\circ}C$ for 37h. Crystal structure and electrochemical properties were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, charge-discharge test, cyclic voltammetry and ac impedance to $LiMn_{2-y}M_yO_4$. All cathode material showed spinel structure in X-ray diffraction. Ununiform distortion which calculated by (111) face and (222) face was almost constant in spite of the change of the kind and the substituting ratio of the metal cation in $LiMn_{2-y}M_yO_4$ (M=Mg, Zn). $LiMn_{1.9}Mg_{0.05}Zn_{0.05}O_4/Li$ cell substituted $Mg^{+2}$ and $Zn^{+2}$ showed excellent discharge capacities than other cells, which it presented about 120mAh/g at the 1st cycle and about 73mAh/g at the 250th cycle, respectively. AC impedance of $LiMn_{2-y}M_yO_4/Li$ cells showed the similar resistance of about 65~110$\Omega$ before cycling.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.10-16
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• 2018

Background: A detailed evaluation of the underground mine climate requires extensive measurements to be performed coupled to climatic modeling work. This can be labor-intensive and time-consuming, and consequently impractical for daily work comfort assessments. Therefore, a simple indicator like a heat stress index is needed to enable a quick, valid, and acceptable evaluation of underground climatic conditions on a regular basis. This can be explained by the unending quest to develop a "universal index," which has led to the proliferation of many proposed heat stress indices. Methods: The aim of this research study is to discuss the challenges in identifying and selecting an appropriate heat stress index for thermal planning and management purposes in underground mines. A method is proposed coupled to a defined strategy for selecting and recommending heat stress indices to be used in underground metal mines in the United States and worldwide based on a thermal comfort model. Results: The performance of current heat stress indices used in underground mines varies based on the climatic conditions and the level of activities. Therefore, carefully selecting or establishing an appropriate heat stress index is of paramount importance to ensure the safety, health, and increasing productivity of the underground workers. Conclusion: This method presents an important tool to assess and select the most appropriate index for certain climatic conditions to protect the underground workers from heat-related illnesses. Although complex, the method presents results that are easy to interpret and understand than any of the currently available evaluation methods.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.293-303
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• 1987

혐기성 Clostrium therrnocellurn의 배양액으로부터 hydroxyapatite column chromatography를 통하여 cellulase complex중의 $C_{1}$ enriched fraction을 분리하였다. 다은 호기성 미생물과 마찬가지로 분리된 $C_{x}$, fraction과 다른 $C_{x}$ 성분과의 synergism에 의해 볼용성 성유소의 분해가 현저히 촉진되였다. $C_{x}$ 성분과는 달리 $C_{1}$, fraction은 공기중에서 산화에 의해 잘 실활되었으나 환원제, 특히 $\beta$-mercaptoethanol에 의해 효소 환성이 강하게 증가되는 것으로 보아 $C_{1}$ component는 다량의 sulfhydryl grou을 가지고 있는 것으로 판단되었다. 이 fraction은 열에 매우 안정하였으며 최적 온도와 pH는 각각 $60^{\circ}C$와 6.0 이었다.