• 한방비만학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.83-95
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• 2018

Objectives: The aim of this study was optimized mixing ratio of mulberry leaf, mulberry fruit, and silkworm for amelioration of the metabolic syndrome by using response surface method (RSM). Methods: Antioxidant, antidiabetic and antihypertensive activities of fifteen mixed powder of mulberry leaf, mulberry fruit, and silkworm by RSM were measured as indicators of metabolic syndrome. Results: The optimal mixing ratio of mulberry leaves, mulberry fruits, and silkworm with the greatest antioxidant, antidiabetic and antihypertensive activities was as follows: 2.5890 of mulberry leaf (A), 0.1222 of mulberry fruit (B), 2.9999 of silkworm (C). At this time, it was predicted that the total polyphenol content was estimated to be 185.51 tannic acid equivalent mg/g, 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhy drazyl radical scavenging activity 84.77%, 1-deoxynojirimycin content 415.66 mg/100 g, ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory activity 64.31%, ${\gamma}-aminobutyric$ acid content 267.77 mg/100 g, potassium content 1,899.11 mg/100 g, and angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitory activity was estimated to be 73.78%. Conclusions: It was concluded that the significant effect of the mulberry leaf, mulberry fruit, and silkworm on the metabolic syndrome-related biological activity indices (antioxidant activity, antidiabetic activity and antihypertensive activity) was as follows: 2.5890 of mulberry leaf (A), 0.1222 of mulberry fruit (B), 2.9999 of silkworm (C).

• 운동영양학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.113-122
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• 2012

This study assessed the amount of energy consumed and fat deposition after endurance training in order to review the effect of 4-week endurance exercise on resting metabolic rate of a mouse during and after exercise and the effect of exercise. A total of 19 seven-week-old ICR male mice were used as the study subject. Those mice were divided into sedentary group (Sed) and trained group (Tr) after a week of environment adaption. The Tr group was trained with endurance exercise five times a week for four weeks. Weight and the amount of food intake were daily weighed and resting metabolic rate and metabolic rate after exercise were assessed before starting exercise and on the fourth week after training. Metabolic rate during exercise were measured four weeks after training. At the end of breeding period, statistically significant difference was shown in weights of trained and sedentary groups (p < 0.05). During a resting period, no significant difference was shown in oxygen intake, respiratory exchange ratio, and the amount of carbohydrate and fat oxidized. Moreover, no significant difference was shown in excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) of an hour period after training. In contrast, the maximal oxygen uptake (VO₂ max) was approximately 11.1% higher in trained group after training compare to before. However, there was no significant difference in respiratory exchange ratio and carbohydrate and fat oxidization. During exercise, oxygen uptake, carbon dioxide production, and respiratory exchange ratio in energy metabolism during exercise showed no significant difference. However, significant difference was exhibited in the amount of fat oxidized in both groups. Summing up those results, endurance exercise could be concluded to be effective in weight control. However, weight loss is thought to be resulted from increase in fat oxidization during exercise unlike the conclusion made from previous studies where weight loss is prominently influenced by energy metabolism during a resting period and increased fat oxidation during post-exercise recovery. All experimental procedures were carried out at the Animal Experiment Research Center of Konkuk University. This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical guidelines of the Konkuk University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.226-229
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• 1992

An ethanol tolerant mutant was selected by successive transfers of Clostridium thermohydrosulfuricum ATCC 33223 into the media with progressively higher ethanol concentrations. The growth kinetics of the mutant were characterized under various growth conditions. Physiological differences such as enhanced growth, tolerance to various solvents, alteration of the optimum temperature and the ratio of end products during fermentation were noticed in the mutant.

• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2008

Purpose: Metabolic syndrome (also known as insulin resistance syndrome) represents a constellation of hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension, impaired glucose tolerance, and obesity. Presently, the influence of various factors on metabolic syndrome was assessed in patients of a university hospital comprehensive medical examination center. Methods: Age, sex, blood pressure, height, weight, triglyceride level, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and glucose levels were measured in 67 people (37 males and 30 females). These factors were correlated with tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and exercise habits. Metabolic syndrome and abdominal obesity were assessed according to NCEP-ATP III criteria and the Asia-Pacific guidelines (male obesity defined as a waist circumference exceeding 90 cm), respectively. Data was analyzed using t-test, 2-test, and logistic regression. Results: Respective percentages were: tobacco use (14.9% of the 67 people), no tobacco use (85.1%), alcohol consumption (62.7%), no alcohol consumption (37.3%), regular exercise (25.4%), no regular exercise (74.6%). Logistic regression analysis revealed a gender-related odds ratio of 2.3 for metabolic syndrome and no exercise. Conclusions: Weight reduction and physical exercise may decrease the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Early identification of metabolic syndrome and risk factor modification is prudent in cases of obesity, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.540-550
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine a combined influence of obesity and metabolic syndrome on ischemic heart disease in Korean middle aged and older adults. Methods: This study used secondary data from the 2013 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A total of 3,726 adults over age 40 were included. Logistic regression was used for analysis of complex samples. Gender, age, educational level, family income, family history of ischemic heart disease, physical activity, smoking, and heavy alcohol consumption were analyzed as covariates. Results: Ischemic heart disease was more prevalent among adults with metabolic syndrome regardless of obesity (non-obesity: Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR]: 3.044, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.163-7.967, overweight: AOR: 2.805, 95% CI: 1.246-6.316, obese: AOR: 3.137, 95% CI: 1.548-6.358) compared to the reference group, defined as adults with non-obesity and non-metabolic syndrome. Odds of ischemic heart disease were not significant in the group with obesity and non-metabolic syndrome compared to the reference group. Conclusion: The results of this study show that the population with metabolic syndrome is an at-risk group for ischemic heart disease. Thus, management of metabolic syndrome is required for prevention of ischemic heart disease.

• 가정간호학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.12-21
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• 2009

Purpose: The survey-based study aimed to determine the distribution and clustering tendency of metabolic syndrome risk factors in urban residents, and cluster odds ratios. Methods: Cluster sampling involved 827 urban participants and analysis of the collected data. Results: Regarding the prevalence of metabolic syndrome risk factors used for diagnosis, abdominal obesity was higher in women(69.5%) than in men(34.3%), high blood pressure was higher in men(57%) than in women(46.5%), and blood sugar was higher in men(6.9%) than in women(5.7%). Clustering increased with increasing body mass index(BMI), weight:height ratio(W/Ht) and abdominal obesity Risk factors for females were 1.7 times higher than for males. Participants with a family history of metabolic syndrome displayed related risk factors 1.5 times more than participants without a family history. Participants having a BMI ranking them as obese were 9.5 times more likely to display metabolic syndrome risk factors than non-obese participants. Obese participants were 20 times more likely to display risk factors than non-obese participants. Conclusion: BMI, W/Ht and abdominal obesity correlate with clustering of metabolic syndrome risk factors. The risk is increased by smoking and family history. Exercise weight control and non-smoking are recommended for comprehensive management of clustering of metabolic syndrome risk factors.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.34-38
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• 2019

Background and Objectives : The aim of this study is verify the correlation between benign laryngeal mucosal disease and metabolic syndrome. Materials and Method : Data for patients diagnosed with benign laryngeal mucosal disease and metabolic syndrome from 2006 to 2015 were selected for analysis from the National Health Insurance Service database. Results : The prevalence of Metabolic syndrome was 2,179,785 out of 6,437,051 patients (33.86%). The prevalence of benign laryngeal mucosal disease was 516,594 out of 6,437,051 patients (8.03%). Metabolic syndrome was a risk factor for benign laryngeal mucosal disease [hazard ratio: 0.99, 95% confidence interval: 0.984-0.997] after adjusting for age and other variables including age, gender, smoking status, alcohol intake, exercise, body mass index, and diabetes. The number of metabolic syndrome components was also risk factor. Conclusion : Metabolic syndrome was related to the incidence of benign laryngeal mucosal disease. However this correlation did not seem to be high.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.249-255
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• 2022

대사는 생존과 번식에 필수적이다. 2020년에 업그레이드된 COG (cluster of orthologous proteins) 데이터베이스에는 "pathways" 항목이 있다. 본 연구에서는 COG pathways를 이용하여 1,309개의 원핵생물의 대사 경로를 분석하였다. 63개의 대사경로와 관련된 822개의 COG가 있었고, 각 분류단위의 대사관련 COG의 평균은 200.50개(phylum Mollicutes)에서 527.07개(phylum Cyanobacteria)의 사이였다. MPCR을 대사경로구성율(하나의 게놈에 존재하는 COG 수 / 각 대사 경로를 구성하는 COG의 총 수)로 정의하였다. MPCR이 100%인 대사경로의 수는 원핵생물에 따라 0에서 26의 범위였다. 다수의 원핵생물에서 100% MPCR인 대사경로는 세포벽 합성과 관련된 murein biosynthesis (922종), glycine cleavage (918종), ribosome 30S subunits (903종) 등이었다. MPCR이 0%인 대사경로(종의 수)는 photosystem I (1,263종), A/V (archaea/vacuolar)-type ATP synthase (1,028종) 및 Na⁺-translocation NADH dehydrogenase (976종) 등이었다. 원핵생물에 따라 3~49개의 대사경로를 전혀 수행할 수 없었다. MPCR의 보존성이 높은 대사경로의 순서는 ribosome 30S subunit (1,309종의 96.1%), murein biosynthesis (86.8%), arginine biosynthesis (80.4%), serine biosynthesis (80.3%) 및 aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (82.2%) 등이었다. 단백질과 세포벽 합성이 원핵생물에서 중요한 대사경로인 것을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과와 원핵생물 사이의 대사경로와 관련된 COG는 항생제 및 인공세포의 개발 등에 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.376-388
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• 2017

Purpose: The triglyceride-to-high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio is one of the main predictive indices for cardiovascular disease. This study was examined the relationship between TG/HDL-C ratio and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in male office workers. Methods: Secondary analysis was conducted to determine the risk between the TG/HDL-C ratio and MetS in male office workers. A total of 765 people underwent the 'regular workplace health checkups in 2014'. Among the subjects who were male and responded to the questionnaire and health lifestyle survey, 470 (61.4%) excluding those with missing and/or abnormal values were analyzed. The association between MetS, MetS components, and the TG/HDL-C ratio was examined by a Chi-square test, One-way ANOVA, Turkey post-hoc test and Logistic regression analysis. Results: The number of males with MetS was 70 (14.9%) and the number of MetS components increased with increasing TG/HDL-C ratio (p<.001). Logistic regression analysis with an adjustment for potential confounders revealed a 31.8 times higher odds ratio of the Quartile4 group for MetS than that of the Quartile1 group (p<.001). Conclusion: These results show that the likelihood of MetS, particularly the risk of MetS in the Quartile4, increases with increasing TG/HDL-C ratio.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.462-469
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• 2005

A top-down approach is known to be a useful and effective technique for the design and analysis of metabolic systems. In this Study, we have constructed a grouped metabolic network for Lactococcus lactis under aerobic conditions using grouped enzyme kinetics. To test the usefulness of grouping work, a non-grouped system and grouped systems were compared quantitatively with each other. Here, grouped Systems were designed as two groups according to the extent of grouping. The overall simulated flux values in grouped and non-grouped models had pretty similar distribution trends, but the details on flux ratio at the pyruvate branch point showed a little difference. This result indicates that our grouping technique can be used as a good model for complicated metabolic networks, however, for detailed analysis of metabolic network, a more robust mechanism Should be considered. In addition to the data for the pyruvate branch point analysis, Some major flux control coefficients were obtained in this research.