• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2024.07a
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• pp.665-671
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• 2024

This research presents a method for Augmented Reality (AR) object superimposition leveraging reinforcement learning techniques to significantly reduce manual input during the exploration of digital information on construction sites. A distinctive feature of this approach is the application of a reinforcement learning neural network, trained with pairs of real and virtual view images, for AR superimposition. This approach enables the precise adjustment of the virtual camera's position and orientation within a virtual scene, aiming to seamlessly integrate AR objects into real-world views. This research initially focuses on simpler scenarios involving 2 and 3 degrees of freedom for orientation and position adjustments. The purpose is to explore the feasibility of the application through those experiments, with the expectation that the results would be interpreted positively. These initial findings highlight the promise of the suggested method in improving AR applications, especially within the construction sector, by enabling more natural and precise merging of virtual and physical objects, without requiring user intervention.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.45 no.7
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• pp.657-674
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• 2012

This paper presents the effect of spatially-distributed rainfall on both rainfall-sediment-runoff and erosion or deposition in the experimental Cheoncheon catchment: upstream of Yongdam dam basin. The rainfall fields were generated by three rainfall interpolation techniques (Thiessen polygon: TP, Inverse Distance Weighting: IDW, Kriging) based only on ground gauges and two radar rainfall synthetic techniques (Gauge-Radar ratio: GR, Conditional Merging: CM). Each rainfall field was then assessed in terms of spatial feature and quantity and also used for rainfall-sediment-runoff and erosion-deposition simulation due to the spatial difference of rainfall fields. The results showed that all the interpolation methods based on ground gauges provided very similar hydrologic responses in spite of different spatial pattern of erosion and deposition while raw radar and GR rainfall fields led to underestimated and overestimated simulation results, respectively. The CM technique was acceptable to improve the accuracy of raw radar rainfall for hydrologic simulation even though it is more time consuming to generate spatially-distributed rainfall.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.1411-1420
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• 2015

Lawful interception(LI) standard of telephone networks has technical limitations to lawfully intercept IMS/SIP-based mobile communication network subscriber who using Android and iPhone device. In addition, the technical standards related to legal interception of the IMS/SIP of the wireless network is insufficient compared to the systematic study of the development of a wireless network infrastructure. The architecture proposed in the standard of ETSI(European Telecommunications Standards Institute) for the seamless LI is insufficient to overcome the limitations of traditional voice-centric LI techniques. This paper proposes an IMS/SIP-based architecture to perform LI under 3G networks that focuses on mobility-supported environments with merging cellular networks and the Internet. We implemented the simulation to verify the efficiency of the proposed architecture, and the experimental results show that our method achieves higher lawful interception rate than that of existing interception methods.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.643-650
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• 2004

Control flow graph is used for Performing many Program-analysis techniques, such as data-flow and control-dependence analysis, and software-engineering techniques, such as program slicing and testings. For these analyses to be safe and useful, the CFG should incorporate the exception flows that are induced by exceptions. In previous research to construct control flow graph, normal flows and exception flows are computed at the same time, since these two flows are known to be mutually dependent. By investigating realistic Java programs, we found that the cases when these two flows are mutually dependent rarely happen. So, we can decouple exception flow analysis from normal flow analysis. In this paper we propose an analysis that estimates exception flows. We also propose exception flow graph to represent exception flows. And we show that the control flow graph that accounts for exception flows can be constructed by merging exception flow graph onto normal control flow graph.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.11-24
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• 2008

Region-based image retrieval techniques, which divide image into similar regions having similar characteristics and examine similarities among divided regions, were proposed to support an efficient low-dimensional color indexing scheme. However, color image segmentation techniques are required additionally. The problem of segmentation is difficult because of a large variety of color and texture. It is known to be difficult to identify image regions containing the same color-texture pattern in natural scenes. In this paper we propose an automatic color image segmentation algorithm. The colors in each image are first quantized to reduce the number of colors. The gray level of image representing the outline edge of image is constructed in terms of Fisher's multi-class linear discriminant on quantized images. The gray level of image is transformed into a binary edge image. The edge showing the outline of the binary edge image links to the nearest edge if disconnected. Finally, the final segmentation image is obtained by merging similar regions. In this paper we design and implement a region-based image retrieval system using the proposed segmentation. A variety of experiments show that the proposed segmentation scheme provides good segmentation results on a variety of images.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• autumn
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• pp.299-304
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• 1999

시, 공간적으로 변하는 해양환경에서 선배열 소나의 성능예측 정보를 추출하기 위해서는 정밀 해양 DB (Data Base)와 함께 현장에서 실시간으로 측정한 해양자료의 연동이 필수적이다. 이러한 실시간 정보와 DB 정보를 융합하여 얻을 수 있는 정보들로는 전술적 운용상황, 근거리 환경소음 분포, 전파손실/탐지확률 분포, 그리고 음파의 전파 경로 등이 있다. 소나 운용자는 이들 정보로부터 최종적으로 전술상황을 판단함과 동시에 소나의 최적 운용 수심 및 방향을 권고할 수 있다. 국과연에서는 이러한 정보를 획득하기 위하여 음탐환경분석 S/W를 개발하였으며, 수차례의 해상시험을 통하여 그 성능을 검증하였다. 본 논문에서는 실시간 해양정보와 DB정보의 융합을 통하여 선배열 소나의 핵심 성능예측 기법인 전파손실/탐지확률 계산과 근거리 환경소음 계산을 수행하는 알고리즘을 제시한다. 아울러 S/W로 구현된 이들 기법들의 해상시험 결과도 제시하고자 한다.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.53-66
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• 2006

Aims. In order to analyze the concept of stigma, so to develop a valid instrument to measure stigma. Methods. First, a concept analysis was conducted with the aim of clarifying the state of the science of discipline-specific conceptualizations of stigma. The criterion-based method of concept analysis as described by Morse and colleagues was used (Morse et al., 1996; Morse, 2000). This analytic process enabled the assessment of the scientific maturity of the concept of stigma. The interdisciplinary concept of stigma was found to be immature. Based on this level of maturity it was determined that in order to advance the concept of stigma toward gloater maturity. techniques of concept development using the literature as data were applied. In this process, questions were 'asked of the data' (in this case, the selected disciplinary literatures) to identify the conceptual components of stigma. Results. The inquiry into the concept of stigma led to the development of an expanded interdisciplinary conceptual definition by merging the most coherent commonalties from each discipline. And the conceptual components of stigma were identified. The antecedent factors of stigma were "apart from social identity". The attributes of stigma were "devaluing, labeling, negative stereotypes, discrimination". The consequences of stigma were "social rejection, social isolation, deficiency of social support, low social status".

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.305-316
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• 2018

Satellite-derived sea surface winds (SSWs) and atmospheric motion vectors (AMVs) over the global ocean, particularly including the areas in and around tropical cyclones (TCs), have been provided in a real-time and continuous manner. More and better information is now derived from technologically improved multiple satellite missions and wind retrieving techniques. The status and prospects of key SSW products retrieved from scatterometers, passive microwave radiometers, synthetic aperture radar, and altimeters as well as AMVs derived by tracking features from multiple geostationary satellites are reviewed here. The quality and error characteristics, limitations, and challenges of satellite wind observations described in the literature, which need to be carefully considered to apply the observations for both operational and scientific uses, i.e., assimilation in numerical weather forecasting, are also described. Additionally, on-going efforts toward merging them, particularly for monitoring three-dimensional TC wind fields in a real-time and continuous manner and for providing global profiles of high-quality wind observations with the new mission are introduced. Future research is recommended to develop plans for providing more and better SSW and AMV products in a real-time and continuous manner from existing and new missions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 1993.10a
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• pp.550-555
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• 1993

The aim of this paper is to present the development of visual seam tracking system equipped with visual range finder. The visual range finder, which consists of a CCD camera and a diode laser system with line generating optics, developed to recognize the types of weld joints and detect the location of weld joints. In practical applications, however, images of the weld joints are often degraded due to spatters, are flares, surface specularity, and welding smoke. To overcome the problem, this paper proposes a syntactic approach which is a class of artificial intelligence techniques. In the approach, the type of weld joint is inferred based upon the production rules which are linguiques grammars consisting of a set of line and junction primitives of laser strip image projected on weld joint. The production rules eliminate several noisy primitives to create new primitives through the merging process of primitives. After the recognition of weld joint, arc welding is started and the location of weld joints is repeatedly detected using a spring model-based template matching in which the template model is a by-product of the recognition process of weld joint. To show the effectiveness of the proposed approach a series of experiments-identification and robotic tracking-are conducted for four different types of weld joints.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.189-200
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• 2004

In this paper, we introduce a new soft computing technique that dwells on the ideas of combining fuzzy rules in a fuzzy system with polynomial neural networks (PNN). The PNN is a flexible neural architecture whose structure is developed through the modeling process. Unfortunately, the PNN has a fatal drawback in that it cannot be constructed for nonlinear systems with only a small amount of input variables. To overcome this limitation in the conventional PNN, we employed one of three principal soft computing components such as a fuzzy system. As such, a space of input variables is partitioned into several subspaces by the fuzzy system and these subspaces are utilized as new input variables to the PNN architecture. The proposed soft computing technique is achieved by merging the fuzzy system and the PNN into one unified framework. As a result, we can find a workable synergistic environment and the main characteristics of the two modeling techniques are harmonized. Thus, the proposed method alleviates the problems of PNN while providing superb performance. Identification results of the three-input nonlinear static function and nonlinear system with two inputs will be demonstrated to demonstrate the performance of the proposed approach.