• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.97-104
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• 2020

Due to the superior properties of nanoparticles, using them has been increased in concrete production technology. In this study, the effect of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles on the mechanical and smart properties of concrete was studied. At the first, the ZnO nanoparticles are dispersed in water using shaker, magnetic stirrer and ultrasonic devices. The nanoparticles with 3.5, 0.25, 0.75, and 1.0 volume percent are added to the concrete mixture and replaced by the appropriate amount of cement to compare with the control sample without any additives. In order to study the mechanical and smart properties of the concrete, the cubic samples for determining the compressive strength and cylindrical samples for determining tensile strength with different amounts of ZnO nanoparticles are produced and tested. The most important finding of this paper is about the smartness of the concrete due to the piezoelectric properties of the ZnO nanoparticles. In other words, the concrete in this study can produce the voltage when subjected to mechanical load and vice versa it can induce the mechanical displacement when subjected to external voltage. The experimental results show that the best volume percent for ZnO nanoparticles in 28-day samples is 0.5%. In other words, adding 0.5% ZnO nanoparticles to the concrete instead of cement leads to increases of 18.70% and 3.77% in the compressive and tensile strengths, respectively. In addition, it shows the best direct and reverse piezoelectric properties. It is also worth to mention that adding 3.5% zinc oxide nanoparticles, the setting of cement is stopped in the concrete mixture.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.301-307
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• 2017

디지털 기술의 발달로 모호한 감성의 자극에만 집중하며 만들어지고 있는 상업영상 들이 영상문화 전반에 트렌드 같이 번지고 있다. 2016년 한국영화의 천만관객 영화에 가까운 성공을 거둔 영화들의 모습을 살펴보면 여론몰이를 하는 사회적 현상만 존재하고 영화의 참 실체는 없다는 공통점을 찾을 수 있다. 이에 필자는 680만 관객을 동원하며 사회의 큰 관심을 받았던 영화 '곡성'을 중심으로 앞서 언급한 문제점을 관객들의 일반적 반응등과 같이 분석, 나열하고 이에 대한 올바른 개선점 등을 도출함으로써 영화예술이 대중예술의 격과 깊이를 계승, 발전할 수 있는 길을 모색하고자 한다. 문화, 철학, 종교, 역사 등 인류사회가 공유하는 문화유산의 깊이 있는 사실적 반영은 사회구성원의 문화적인 정서의 동질성과 공감 확보를 위한 필수 명제라고 할 수 있으며 이를 바탕으로 감독이 전하고자 하는 메시지나 내용이 표현 되었을 때 시간과 공간을 뛰어넘어 영화사에 각인되는 진정한 대중예술 콘텐츠가 만들어 질 것이다.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2010

HyangGyo had been built for teaching peoples as a place of educational practice, and also for the order and stability of country through Confucianism. This study analyzed and researched the building structure of Daejeong-HyangGyo in Jeju Island In Daejeong-HyangGyo, unique architectural characteristics are shown as they have been built in an island independent from the mainland. Also up-down system was well reflected in detailed architectural styles. The main temple of Daejeong-HyangGyo was built in the type of one-Chulmok(a subsidiary material of Gongpo and a piece of wood to support the eaves) of which ancon supports a purline from the center of a pillar and two-Ikgong(a piece of wood engraved to put on an ancon), but in the case of the lecture hall, its Gongpo(a piece of wood to support the eaves) was inferior in quality. In the case of Jeju abutments were used in main temples and fire walls were mostly used. In particular, their abutments are difficult to be observed in HyangGyo in the mainland. It is presumed that the abutment and the fire wall used in Jeju Island might be the best solution to protect structures from rain and moisture. To sum up, local characteristics and traditional rules were thoroughly reflected in Dajeong-HyangGyos built in Jeju Island from the aspect of arrangement and detailed style. In conclusion, it is significant that architectural styles, not to mention the other aspects of Jeju culture, were suitably adapted to Jeju Island.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제11권12호
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• pp.80-89
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• 2021

2020년 1월 30일, 세계보건기구(World Health Organization)는 COVID-19의 확산이 "국제보건규정(International Health Regulations)" 제1조에 규정된 "국제적 공중보건 비상사태(Public Health Emergency of International Concern)"의 기준을 충족한다고 선언하고, 팬데믹 퇴치를 위한 다양한 예비 권고를 제안하였다. 이후 3월부터 팬데믹이 본격화되면서 (일부 국가에서는 마스크 착용이 법으로 금지되었음에도 불구하고) 갑자기 공공장소에서 마스크를 쓰라는 지시가 내려졌다. 경제·사회 환경이 예상치 못한 방향으로 바뀌면서 법조계에서도 화상심리 도입 등 조금씩 변화의 바람이 불기 시작했다. 아마도 COVID-19 이후에는 이전의 일상과는 매우 다른 모습으로 변화될 가능성이 크다. COVID-19가 국제중재 진행방식에도 영향을 미치고 있는바 관건은 이러한 영향이 몇 년 동안만 지속되는 일시적인 문제로 그칠 것인지, 아니면 COVID-19의 확산이 국제중재 진행방식의 전환점이 될 것인지가 의문이다. 이러한 이해를 바탕으로 본 연구는 COVID-19가 국제중재에 미치는 영향 및 효과를 고찰하고, 향후 전망을 제시한다.

• Advances in nano research
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.285-295
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• 2022

Creation of plastic deformation under seismic loads, is one of the most serious subjects in RC structures with steel bars which reduces the life threatening risks and increases dissipation of energy. Shape memory alloy (SMA) is one of the best choice for the relocating plastic hinges. In a challenge to study the seismic response of concrete moment resisting frame (MRF), this article investigates numerically a new type of concrete frames with nano fiber reinforced polymer (NFRP) and shape memory alloy (SMA) hinges, simultaneously. The NFRP layer is containing carbon nanofibers with agglomeration based on Mori-Tanaka model. The tangential shear deformation (TASDT) is applied for modelling of the structure and the continuity boundary conditions are used for coupling of the motion equations. In SMA connections between beam and columns, since there is phase transformation, hence, the motion equations of the structure are coupled with kinetic equations of phase transformation. The Hernandez-Lagoudas theory is applied for demonstrating of pseudoelastic characteristics of SMA. The corresponding motion equations are solved by differential cubature (DC) and Newmark methods in order to obtain the peak ground acceleration (PGA) and residual drift ratio for MRF-2%. The main impact of this paper is to present the influences of the volume percent and agglomeration of nanofibers, thickness and length of the concrete frame, SMA material and NFRP layer on the PGA and drift ratio. The numerical results revealed that the with increasing the volume percent of nanofibers, the PGA is enhanced and the residual drift ratio is reduced. It is also worth to mention that PGA of concrete frame with NFRP layer containing 2% nanofibers is approximately equal to the concrete frame with steel bars.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.666-676
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• 2009

Oral folk tale, which are organized stories that have been handed down to each district, includes a lot of mention about local specialties related to food. In folk tales consisting of linguistic signs, food plays a role in expressing not only instinct and desire but also order, exclusion and communication of human beings. Understanding the matters of concern or consciousness that community members of the time have put an emphasis on through food included in folk tales can be useful for better understanding the culture of the time and the food in folk tales can be a symbolic code. In this study, food mentioned in folk tales were classified into six groups, medicine, love, god, livelihood, provision and power focused on both inland and coastal regions that are referred to in most of the sixteen volumes of Korean Oral Folk Tales. In addition, the symbolic meanings of these groups were examined. This study can contribute to establishing the foundation of the globalization of the Korean food by determining the way Korea food can become a world class food. This study aims to reinterpret and combine culture and art with the food of Korea based on six symbolic meanings of food expressed in Korean Oral Folk Tales.

• 한국전통조경학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.54-60
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• 2013

본 연구는 비자나무 숲을 대상으로 Z.-M. 학파의 방법으로 식물사회학적 연구가 이루어졌으며, 비자나무 숲에 대한 식생구조 및 관리방안을 중심으로 기술하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같이 요약될 수 있다. 비자나무 숲은 수평적으로 난온대 상록활엽수림역의 저지대 및 구릉지에 발달하고 있었다. 총 50과 80속 95종으로 구성되어진 비자나무 숲은 종조성에 의해 비자나무-상산군락의 전형하위군락, 가는쇠고사리하위군락으로 구분되었으며, 서식처 환경조건에 대응하였다. 3~4층으로 구성된 비자나무 숲의 아교목층과 관목층은 과거 간벌이후 일제히 재생된 형태를 나타내고 있었으며, 난온대 상록활엽수림의 동백나무군강(Camellietea japonicae Miyawaki et Ohba 1963)을 특징짓는 진단종군으로 구성되어진 것이 특기되었다. 또한 임상의 경우 소엽맥문동, 십자고사리, 큰천남성 등의 순으로 기여도가 높았으며, 임연식생의 주요 구성종으로 대표되는 주름조개풀이 높은 기여도로 나타났다. 이러한 사실은 비자나무 숲이 지속적으로 인간간섭에 노출되어 있음을 나타내는 것이다. 비자나무의 치수는 반음지, 음지에서 높은 빈도로 출현하였다. 또한 비자나무 숲을 유지하기 위하여 삼림생태계의 구조와 기능을 쇠퇴시킬 가능성이 큰 강도간벌 대신에 난온대 상록활엽수림을 구성하는 교목수종을 간벌하되, 아교목 및 관목수종을 대상으로 밀도조절이 이루어져야 할 것으로 판단되는 바이다. 향후 지속가능한 비자나무 숲을 유지하기 위하여 식생구조와 관리방식에 대한 지속적인 모니터링이 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• 한국언론정보학보
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• 제67권
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• pp.209-240
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• 2014

기자들은 소셜미디어에 접속하여 정보를 찾고 사실을 확인하기도 하며 정보원과 접촉한다. 기자들은 소셜미디어를 통해 정보 확인 및 정보원과 소통하면서 왜 소셜미디어를 이용하는지 그 이용에 관한 내재된 가치를 정확히 알기 어렵다. 본 연구는 기자들의 소셜미디어 활용의 중요한 원인을 이해하는 것이 필요하다고 생각되는 바, 기자들이 소셜미디어를 활용하는데 내재하는 핵심 가치를 체계적으로 밝히고자 한다. 이를 통해 기자들이 소셜미디어 활용을 하게 되는 숨겨진 요인을 찾을 수 있고 기자 집단들의 소셜미디어 이용과 관련된 특정 가치와의 관계를 설명 할 수 있다. 소셜미디어 활용의 주요한 요인이 되는 가치를 밝히기 위해 수단-목적 사슬 이론을 기반으로 한 래더링 기법을 이용하였다. 분석을 위해, 기자 46명을 대상으로 심층 인터뷰함으로써 기자들이 소셜미디어를 활용하는 과정에서 중요한 속성, 결과, 가치 연결을 밝힌다. 그 결과, 소셜미디어 활용은 동질감/동화/공감, 균형적 지식, 알고자 하는 가치에 기여하고 있었다. 이는 소셜미디어를 활용하는 기자들이 트위터와 페이스북 활용을 통해 사람들과 동질감을 얻고 정보에 접근하여 균형적 지식 및 알고자 하는 욕구를 추구하고 있음을 검증 할 수 있었다. 래더링 기법을 통해 기자들이 소셜미디어를 활용하는데는 소셜미디어 활용으로 얻게 되는 가치가 중요하다는 점을 확인하였다. 이는 소셜미디어를 활용하는 기자들의 행위를 이해하기 위해 소셜미디어를 이용하는 동기로서 내재된 가치를 밝힐 필요가 있음을 보여준다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.74-81
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• 2010

This study analyzed characteristics of visual circulation in the modern museum architecture while carrying out space syntax and visibility graph analysis side by side in order to solve problems of visitors' movement having been suggested as the point at issue at modern museum architecture that has become big scaled and layering so as to satisfy various social demands. Also, the result of this analysis is same as followings. First, visitors become to watch the exhibition with clear position that can make themselves in right allocation, and thus visual and perceptual confusions were shown as relatively low in case physical position and visual one were matched at major space of atrium type or mediation space. Second, it was appeared a lot at the museum having exhibition space of room type in case the physical position and visual one were not matched. Visual circulation in the exhibition space of room type has a merit of forming the circulation where free selection is possible. However, it have raised concerns that visual passageway of visitors could be in a stalemate or crash at the opening part, not at the exhibition hall. Third, though analysis of space syntax had a merit of analyzing total modern museum architectures having became compounded and big scaled, but it was dropped in reliability from the visual circulation's analysis that was decided by flows of space and time. In contrary, visibility graph analysis was shown as having a merit to analyzing the flows rather than that of total structure, and also appeared as being able to supplement the disadvantage of space syntax in methodology. Upon the above analysis, a lot of architectural elements such as allocation of exhibition hall, location of door and window etc. were appeared as affecting influences to forming visual circulation of visitors, not to mention of allocations of major space, mediation space, and exhibition one. Through this study, various possibilities of quantitative analysis on the visual circulation in the museum architectures can be confirmed. However, this study expects that in-depth subsequent researches objecting to various museums could be realized afterwards because there are still limitations in its analysis.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.38-44
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• 1963

According to the experiment on pure-isolation and the related contaminants of Chlorella, the phenomena of the ecological distributions of Chlorella in Korea have been manifested in several areas and also the aim that in going to do culture, biological and physiological study of Chlorella is carried out. Contaminants very oftenly occupied on the colony of the strains taken in order to fulfil pure-isolation of Chlorella, but in accordance with being piled up the minute research on this subject, I can obtain the desirable results as follows: 1. For the pure-isolation, the duration chose the time from May to September 1957 so that may easily isolate from contaminant water with utilizing the antibiotic substances. 2. To take long time, 36-48 hours until growth of nascent through the non-sporulated, it originates from the difference of the cultured media. In addition to the above mention, the mechanism of growth until nascent through the sporulated must not always require the ligh. However the supply of metabolic energy depend upon its nutritional conditions per phase. 3. The culture of Chlorella should be based on the lower culturing except adding especial conditions such as reagent concentration of media, artifical shake of media and other facts due to the natural conditions. And also these strains grew not only in distilled water but 2% NaCl solution without any abnormality in cell it self. I, therefore, guess it is possible to culture in sea-water under phasic environment. 4. In the experiment of ammonia detection, it is caused by the sampling surroundings to contain the minute quantity of ammonia in strain No. M 918; that is the place to be plenty of Carbohydrate on behalf of protein. 5. To compare the absorption curve of chlorophyll of higher plant with that of Chlorella, the absorption zone made mostly the Same ones each other but a little absorption grade dose not clearly appear. The colony which formed giant type grows with intensive colour and green band on surrounding of the colony and after that it was changed into all the green colour and developed up to end. 6. At first phase for a week, the development of Chlorella suspends the normal condition as in vivo but after a few days, the colour of chlorophyll gradually changed into blue-yellow which secrete the mucous substances on the agar media. The cell was flew out the contained substances itself on leaving the cell wall only, or the various micro-organism diffused on the outer-region of the cell.