• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.89-95
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• 2010

Purpose: Whole-body CT is a very attractive diagnostic tool to clinicians, especially, in trauma. It is generally accepted that trauma patients who are not alert require whole-body CT. However, in alert trauma patients, the usefulness is questionable. Methods: This study was a retrospective review of the medical records of 146 patients with blunt multiple trauma who underwent whole body CT scanning for a trauma workup from March 1, 2008 to February 28, 2009. We classified the patients into two groups by patients' mental status (alert group: 110 patients, not-alert group: 36 patients). In the alert group, we compared the patients' evidence of injury (present illness, physical examination, neurological examination) with the CT findings. Results: One hundred forty six(146) patients underwent whole-body CT. The mean age was $44.6{\pm}18.9$ years. One hundred four (104, 71.2%) were men, and the injury severity score was $14.0{\pm}10.38$. In the not-alert group, the ratios of abnormal CT findings were relatively high: head 23/36(63.9%), neck 3/6(50.0%), chest 16/36(44.4%) and abdomen 9/36(25%). In the alert group, patients with no evidence of injury were rare (head 1, chest 6 and abdomen 2). Nine(9) patients did not need any intervention or surgery. Conclusion: Whole-body CT has various disadvantages, such as radiation, contrast induced nephropathy and high medical costs. In multiple trauma patients, if they are alert and have no evidence of injury, they rarely have abnormal CT findings, and mostly do not need invasive treatment. Therefore, we should be cautious in performing whole-body CT in alert multiple trauma patients.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.213-239
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• 1997

In recent years, adolescent issues including smoking, drinking, drug abuse, juvenile delinquency, deviant sexual behavior, mental health problems, high suicide rate, misconducts and absence without due notice, etc are emerging as serious social problems and the debate on these controversial issues is heating up. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to analyze factors which are changeable and fixable among the factors influencing the adolescent's health behavior and misconducts and, eventually influencing factors which can be used as the basis to establish health policies and health promotion program to reduce the health risk behavior and misconducts of adolescents. The smoking rates are 34.1% for male students of prep schools and 13.8% for females students of the same school and 55.7% for males, 31.8% for females of the vocational schools and 58.3% for males and 48.8% for females of social institutional schools, which showed the great diffence among the different types of schools and between sex. In particular, male students of social institutional school showed 1.7 times higher smoking rate than those of prep schools and in case of female students, 3.5 times higher rate. The time of initial smoking was most frequently during the middle school days for both males and females. In case of drug abuse, 5.4% of males and 2.7% females of general schools were using adhesives and inhalants which was 2.5 times higher for males and 6.3 times higher for females of social institutional schools. 41.8% of males and 30.3% of females of prep schools, 41.8% of males and 59.4% of females of vocational schools and 55.1% of males and 36.6% of females of social institutional schools have experienced kissing. Regarding the health promoting behavior and misconducts, female students practiced the health promoting behavior more than male students while male students showed higher rate of health risk behavior and misconducts than female students, which was statistically significant. The group of students who have not attended the health education class, in comparison to those who have attended, were more likely to practice health risk behavior and misconducts. Those with higher academic achievement was more likely to practice the health promoting behavior while those with poor academic achievement were more likely to practice health risk behavior and misconducts. As the perceived health status was higher and as students experienced less illness, the health promoting behavior was higher.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.745-761
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• 2000

Literatural study for Delirious speech and Fading murmuring, the results were as follows. 1. Delirious speech and Fading murmuring are given at the speech impediment. Derious speech to be out of language's order and slur the end of his words, and Fading murmuring is to repeat in losing conscious. 2. In constrast with Delirious speech and Fading murmuring, Maniac speech is induced by a general term for manic-depressive psychosis. Luoyan is to say in a feeble voice and mumble in a sleeping condition, and Paraphasia and Solioquy are appeared in a clear mental condition. The speech impediment is caused by damages of the nervous system and speech organ, and Yuyancuoluan is appeared in a feverless condition. 3. The symptoms of Delirious speech are to utter ravings and have a loud and heavy voice, and these resemble the delirium which specially has a speech impediment and muddle in the western medical world. The symptoms of Fading murmuring are to speak ambigously, repeatedly, and illogically and so are similar to the Wernicke dysphasia which is caused by a incomprehensible conversation. 4. The causes of Delirious speech are to spread a stomach heat and the lungs pathogenic qi into heart, not to sweat in cold damage, the Three Yang Combination of syndrome, stomach repletion, yang collapse due to excessive sweat, diarrhea, after diarrhea, heat to enter the blood chamer, feces to remain in the stomach, stasis blood to enter the viscera, to carry anger to extremity, and to be constipated. the cause of Fading murmuring is to despair vacuity desertion of vital essence and energy after a serious illness. 5. The causes of delirium are general infection, postoperative states, and metabolism disorders and those of Wernicke dysphasia are disorders of the blood vessel, brain tumors and traumas. 6. Delirious speech is cured with the discrimination of vacuity and repletion. Baitong Tang(白通湯), Chaihu Guizhi Tang(柴胡桂枝湯), Chaihu Jia Longgu Muli Tang(柴胡加龍骨牡蠣湯) are prescribed in case of vacuity, while Chengqi Tang(承氣湯), Baihu Tang(白虎湯), Liangge San(凉膈散) are in case of repletion. Fading murmuring is treated with Xiao Chaihu Tang(小柴胡湯), Fuzi Tang Jiawei(附子湯加味), Shengmai San(生脈散), and Renshen Sanbai Tang(人蔘三白湯). 7. To acupunture Qimen-Xue(期門穴) is required when it is late to prescribe a medical decoction or the hyperactive liver qi attacking the spleen.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.165-190
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• 1996

Homoeopathy was established in 1796 by German physician Samuel Hahnemann(1755~1843). This method is an alternative form of therapy involving treatment by natural remedies. The basic principles of homeopathic medicine, "Similia similibus curantur", "experimenta in hominesano", "doses minimae" and "unitas remedii", are founded upon the idea of illness as a disorder of the internal equilibrium at the physical, mental and psychic levels. The three distinguishing characteristics of homeopathy are that remedies are prescribed on the totality of a person's symptoms, that the remedy likely to cure a person is a dilution of that remedies are prepared using microdoses of substances which are diluted and then vigorously shaken. This paper describes the basic principled of homeopathy and compared with the Sa-sang constitutional Medicine from the literature. 1. Homeopathy is the holistic medicine that derived from the competition of vitalism and mechanism, and it is the one of natural medicine that absorbed the influence of asian scholarship and theoretical background of oriental medicine. 2. Homeopathic remedy typologies and Sa-sang constitutional Medicine are same in the mind-body correlativity and in-born typologies. 3. In homeopathy, constitutional types are distinguished the variable types with variety of symptoms by the remedy picture, but comparably in Sa-sang constitutional medicine, it is determined only by the constitutional symptoms.

• Archives of design research
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.5-18
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• 2002

Recently, the West's interest on Buddhism has been uprising. If the interest on Buddhism is especially from Western intellectuals, it will surely be the motive to change, the future of Western society. Actually, while the West has been interested in the material civilization on the basis of Christianity, the East has been pursuing after the spiritual culture on the basis of Buddhism. However, what does it mean that many of civilized westerners have come to dislike the manner of scientific pursuit and strict rationality which made them wealthy materially\ulcorner It means that they have felt their ideologies which is based on the Christian culture, has met an end or at least they have started to get interested in the Eastern ideology, 'Buddhism'. Particularly, if we agree that industrial design is a field of basis on the stringent rationality, and is a field of applied science on the basis of technology and production, it surely must have rather been influenced by Christian culture than Buddhism. But regardless of material richness by Christian culture, some Western intellectuals'secession from christianity means that their pursuit of material civilization doesn't help much in chasing after human original happiness. Instead, they are charmed by the fact that their mental illness problem, which is the result of the incessant pursuit of materialism, can be salved more 'scientifically'rather by Buddhism than Christianity. Compared with the westerners'spiritual unhappiness by the strong pursuit of material, Buddhism lowers their passion for material and help to lead their lives happily with least'pursuit of materialism. In this sense, I insist that we need to study'Design'from a viewpoint of Buddhist idea.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.182-193
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• 2012

The percentage of senior citizens is increasing in Korea and it is expected to become an "aging society". Problems with the elderly are becoming a big concern, such as physical and mental illness, losing their jobs and having difficulties at home. But, the silver generation, as they are being known, has changed a lot these days. With the aid of medical developments, the elderly's lifespan has become longer, making them more independent and active. Senior Welfare Center's are places where the elderly can spend their golden years in comfort, meaningfully. Senior Welfare Center's these days provide many different programs, which naturally lead to an increase in elderly users. With the rise in welfare centers and users, research on the subject also grew. As this topic has only recently become an issue, there were not many spatial structure studies considering elderly movement. Therefore, there should be spatial structure research that considers older users space awareness and how it can be managed effectively. The goal of this study is to present basic resources for providing a comfortable senior welfare center for elders. This will be based on quantitative analysis derived from spatial structure research along with special construction characteristics based on the institution's general plan. As a research method, Senior Welfare Center's will be categorized into corridor type, hall type, and hybrid types which then be reproduced into a j-graph. Based on this, special structure characteristics and connection links will be comprehended. Then the connection link will be analyzed based on the space syntax result calculated from each type's integration, connectivity, control value, and intelligibility. The analysis result shows that Senior Welfare Center j-graph's average arrangement is hybrid>corridor>hall types. Those elders lacking awareness need easily perceivable spatial structure's and hall type's would be the best choice to increase their awareness as it has high articulation. However, hall type's would be difficult to construct with the size increase, so hybrid type would be the next logical solution. Space with relatively high articulation will need to be planned in hybrid type's where rest areas can be created within the halls in the Welfare Center in connection to its corridors.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.506-515
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors associated with the levels of depression of the elderly (living in urban areas). Interviews were performed during the period from July 1, 2015 to August 31, 2015 of 386 elderly people in urban areas. The mean score of depressive symptoms was significantly higher in the subjects of higher age, lower educational level, living alone, having a lower monthly income, relying on government subsidy for their living expenses, having a chronic illness, lower state of subjective health, without regular exercise, poorer subjective sleeping time, lower frequency of going out, irregular eating habits, depending on some level of help for their ADL and IADL, and having lower self-esteem and social support. The depressive symptoms showed a meaningful positive correlation with ADL and IADL and a negative correlation with self-esteem and social support. On multiple regression analysis, the meaningful variables related to their depressive symptoms were their education, monthly income, subjective health status, ADL, self-esteem, and social support. Also, according to the variables was 54.1% of depressive symptoms. Therefore, it is considered that the practice of physical and mental health care, as well as social support, is required to reduce the level of depression in the elderly.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.145-154
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• 2022

Objectives : This study intends to assess the associations among perceived stigma at the time of infection, coping strategies adopted 12 months later and depressive and posttraumatic symptoms 24 months later in Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) survivors. Methods : A nationwide cohort study was conducted on 63 survivors of 2015 MERS outbreak. Demographic data, illness severity of MERS, depression and posttraumatic stress symptoms, coping strategies and MERS-related stigma were collected 12 and 24 months after the MERS outbreak, respectively. Results : Higher levels of perceived stigma at the time of outbreak were associated with higher levels of dysfunctional coping strategies after 12 months (p=0.003) and more severe depressive (p=0.058) and posttraumatic stress symptoms (p=0.011) after 24 months. Moreover, higher levels of dysfunctional coping strategies after 12 months were significantly associated with more severe depressive (p=0.002) and posttraumatic stress symptoms (p<0.001) after 24 months. Conclusions : Social stigma against people who have contracted an emerging infectious disease can leave a negative impact on the mental health of the survivors in the long term. In case of novel pandemics in the future, prompt rectification of stigma and promotion of adaptive coping strategies in survivors are needed.

• 지역과문화
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.49-68
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• 2020

The study of complementary medicine for the mental illness of modern people has been made up of academic fields. Psychotherapy, art therapy, literary therapy and dance therapy are among them, but these non-integrated studies are extremely limited to apply to reality. Collaboration with the medical community seeking supplementary measures after drug treatment is also a problem, and it is even more difficult to institutionalize them in a policy way. In response, the study suggested a shift to a space-oriented treatment paradigm by studying the value of space that most treatment programs value. Based on the theory of integrated literature therapy developed in Germany and introduced into Korea, the Tetra system was applied to one of Korea's cultural heritages. And I presented a sample of how to program the characteristics of the old house space. Kwon Seong-baek old house in Andong was considered a representative space and analyzed. As a similar case, we looked at the Healian Sun Village, the Knife Village in Germany, and the Temple Stay of Bongeunsa Temple to find out the actual conditions of space utilization. Accordingly, space treatment programs such as walking, writing poems, reading poems, and writing letters were presented by analyzing old houses with a Tetra system. This is significant as the first study to incorporate spatialization and placeability into the program.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.99-106
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• 2007

Objective: Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is known to be associated with chronic renal failure (CRF) patients on hemodialysis, however the prevalence of RLS in CRF patients on hemodialysis is variable due to different diagnostic criteria or dialysis technique. A few reports have indicated the association between RLS symptom and lower life quality in CRF patients on hemodialysis. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of RLS and its association with the quality of life in CRF patients of a single dialysis unit in Korea. Methods: A total of 83 Korean CRF patients on hemodialysis in the Korea University Hospital were examined. International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG) criteria and International Restless Legs Scale (IRLS) were used to determine the diagnosis and severity of RLS. Questionnaires including Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), and Medical Outcome Study Form-36 (SF-36) were administered to all the patients for the assessment of sleep and quality of life. Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and Clinical Global Impression (CGI) were also measured for depression and status of mental illness by psychiatrist. Results: Of the 83 patients, 31 (37.3%) patients were found to have RLS and 43 (51.8%) patients met at least one of the RLS diagnostic criteria. The AIS (t=2.40, p=0.019), ESS (t=2.41, p=0.018), HDRS (t=3.85, p<0.001) and CGI (t=3.52, p=0.001) were higher in the subjects with RLS compared to other subjects. The SF-36 scores were significantly lower in the patients with RLS except physical functioning and bodily pain. Total (p=0.005), physical component (p=0.019), and mental component scores (p=0.019) of SF-36 were significantly lower in patients with more severe RLS symptoms. Conclusion: There was significant relationship between RLS and poor quality of sleep and life. More severe RLS symptom was proven to be an important factor to make a quality of life worsen.