• 정신신체의학
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2015

연구목적 급격한 호르몬 변화가 발생하는 월경과 폐경 시기에 기분증상 및 신체증상이 나타난다는 공통된 임상적 특징과 생물학적 기전의 유사성을 바탕으로 하여 월경전 증후군/월경전 불쾌장애와 폐경기 증상의 연관성이 제기되었으나 아직까지 일관된 결론이 내려지지 않고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 폐경기 여성에서 각각의 폐경 단계에 따라 월경 전 증후군의 과거력과 대표적인 폐경기 증상 중의 하나인 혈관운동증상의 연관성에 대해 조사해보고자 하였다. 방 법 한국건강관리협회 전국 16개 지사에 건강검진을 목적으로 방문한 361명의 폐경주위기 여성과 693명의 폐경후기 여성을 대상으로 단면연구를 시행하였다. 모든 대상자는 혈관운동증상과 월경전 증후군 과거력 및 여러 요인(연령, 결혼, 수입, 교육 수준, 음주, 운동, 흡연, 폐경에 대한 태도, 우울, 스트레스)에 대한 자가보고식 설문지를 작성하였다. 결 과 전기 폐경주위기를 제외한 후기 폐경주위기, 전기 폐경후기, 후기 폐경후기에서 월경전 증후군/월경전 불쾌장애의 과거력이 있는 여성에서 중등도 이상의 혈관운동증상을 호소하는 비율이 유의하게 높았다(전기 폐경주위기, p=0.824 ; 후기 폐경주위기, p=0.001 ; 전기 폐경후기, p=0.001 ; 후기 폐경후기, p=0.01). 후기 폐경주위기와 전기 폐경후기에서 PSST score와 혈관운동증상의 심각도가 유의한 양의 상관관계가 관찰되었다(후기 폐경주위기, r=0.213, p=0.010 ; 전기 폐경후기, r=0.246, p<0.001). 우울, 폐경에 대한 태도, 스트레스, 생활습관요인 등의 관련된 요인들을 통제하였을 때, 후기 폐경주위기와 전기 폐경후기에서 월경전 증후군/월졍전 불쾌장애의 과거력이 중등도 이상의 혈관운동증상을 예측하는 유의한 인자로 나타났다(후기 폐경주위기, OR=5.197, p=0.005 ; 전기 폐경후기, OR=3.017, p=0.010). 결 론 본 연구는 폐경 단계에 따라 월경전 증후군/월경전 불쾌장애와 혈관운동증상의 연관성이 차별적으로 나타남을 시사한다. 본 연구에서 나타난 결과를 규명하기 위한 추가적인 대단위의, 전향적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제42권7호
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• pp.1054-1064
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• 2013

폐경을 전후한 중년 여성(45~60세) 745명을 대상으로 식이보충제 섭취 수준에 따라 식습관, 갱년기 증상 및 일반적 건강 특성에 차이가 있는지 살펴보았다. 식이보충제 섭취 수준은 '전혀 섭취하지 않음(None)', '한 가지를 섭취함(Single)', '두 가지 이상을 섭취함(Multi)'으로 구분하였다. 전체 대상자 중 None, Single, Multi에 속하는 비율은 각각 33.56, 33.29, 33.15%로 나타났다. 식이보충제 사용자(Single 및 Multi)는 비사용자(None)에 비하여 식이보충제에 대한 관심이 월등히 높았으며, 식이보충제가 건강증진과 갱년기증상을 완화시킨다는 신념이 유의하게 높았다(P<0.0001). 주관적인 건강상태는 Multi가 None에 비하여 유의하게 낮게 나타났다(P<0.05). 식습관(20 문항)에 대한 요인분석 결과 '식사의 규칙성', '식사의 다양성', '건강에 해로운 식품의 절제'의 세 요인이 추출되었다. 식이보충제의 섭취수준이 증가할수록 '식사의 다양성'도 상승하였으며 Multi는 None에 비하여 유의하게 높게 나타났다(P<0.05). 갱년기 증상 25 문항으로부터 네 개의 요인(심리적, 신체적, 정신신체적, 홍조)이 추출되었다. 정신신체적 증상 및 홍조는 식이보충제 이용자가 비이용자에 비하여 유의하게 높았으며(P<0.001), 심리적 증상은 Single이 None에 비하여 높았다. 식이보충제의 섭취 수준과 폐경 단계는 유의한 관련성이 존재하였으며(P<0.01) Single이 폐경 중과 폐경 후 여성의 최상위 비율을 차지하였다. 종합적으로 볼 때, 폐경을 전후한 중년 여성이 인지하는 갱년기 증상이 심할수록 식사의 다양성을 유지하려 하고 식이보충제에 대한 의존도도 클 것으로 여겨진다. 본 연구는 중년 여성의 식이보충제 이용은 이들이 경험하는 갱년기 증상과 식습관과 관련성이 높음을 입증한 연구로서, 중년 여성의 건강증진을 위한 정책 수립 및 식생활 교육을 위한 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.150-166
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• 2020

본 연구는 인지예비능 이론에 입각하여 인지기능감퇴를 호소하는 갱년기 여성들을 위해 인지기능훈련 프로그램을 개발하고자 하였다. Jung의 웹기반 교수-학습 체제 설계의 절차적 모형에 근거하여 분석, 설계 및 개발 단계를 거쳐 개발하였다. 인지기능훈련 프로그램은 8주간의 프로그램으로 모바일 애플리케이션을 활용한 인지훈련과 동영상 교육이며 총 24회기로 매 회기는 20~30분이 소요되며 3회/주 하도록 구성되었다. 인지기능훈련은 갱년기 여성들에 있어서 가장 취약한 인지영역으로 확인된 기억력, 주의집중력, 언어기능과 통합적 집행기능을 위한 시나리오기반 문제해결 등으로 내용을 구성하였다. 각 주차별 교육내용은 갱년기의 정의, 원인 및 증상, 갱년기와 뇌기능 등 총 8가지 주제로 개발되었다. 프로그램 시범운영을 위해 인지기능감퇴를 호소하는 10명의 갱년기 여성을 대상으로 인지기능훈련 프로그램을 적용하여 훈련 전과 훈련 8주후 인지기능의 효과를 측정한 결과 전반적 인지기능이 증가되었고 통계적으로 유의하였다(t=-3.04, p=.014). 모바일 앱 기반 인지기능훈련 프로그램은 기억력 향상뿐만 아니라 잠재적 치매 유병율을 감소시키는 효과도 기대할 수 있을 것이라 기대된다.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.96-101
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• 1996

저자들은 1994년 3월부터 1995년 10월까지 중앙대학교 부속병원 폐경기 클리닉에 내원했었던 환자중 폐경군 83명과 대조군 73명을 BDI, STAI로써 우울과 불안정도를 측정하였고, 혈중 E2, LH, FSH 수치를 측정하여 결과는 다음과 같았다. 폐경 여성의 평균 연령은 45.3세였으며 BDI와 STAI 점수 비교에서 폐경군이 대조군에 비해 유의(p<0.01)하게 높아 폐경군이 더 높은 우울 및 불안 성향을 보였으나 폐경 여성이 불안 및 우울감을 더 유발한다는 가설을 뒷받침 하지는 못하였다. 혈중 호르몬의 비교에서 대조군과 폐경군간에 E2치와 FSH치에서 양군간에 유의한 차이(p<0.01)가 있었다. 그리고 대조군에서 STAI, BDI 접수와 호르몬간의 상관관계에서 유의한 상관관계는 없었으며 폐경군에서도 STAI, BDI 접수와 호르몬간의 상관관계에서 유의한 상관관계는 없었다. 즉 폐경기 호르몬의 상태와 우울 및 불안과의 상관관계는 없었다. 폐경기의 심리적 장애의 원인을 생물학적, 사회문화적, 또는 심리적 요인 중 단일 요인으로 성명하기보다 상호 복합적으로 규명해야 하겠다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.171-183
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to identify the incidence of urinary incontinence in adult women and to identify factors related to life style and sexual intercourse that were related to incontinence. The sample consisted of 1,065 women living in Seoul or one of five provinces. Data for this study were collected from January 16 to June 23 using structured questionnaires. The Urinary Symptom Questionnaire developed by Jackson and a demographic questionnaire were used to collect the data. The data were analyzed using frequency, percentage with an SPSS/PC$^{+}$ program. The major finding are as follows : 1. The distribution of age of subjects was as follows : 20-29(10.1%), 20-39(17.8%), 40-49(27.3%). 50-59(22.3%), 60-69(12.9%), 70-79(6.1%). 80-89(2.8%), more than 90(0.6%). The frequency of normal delivery, 0(155%), 1-2(36.0%), 3-4(29.2%), 5-6(13.0%). more than 7(6.3%). The rate of subjects with menopause was 40.8%. 2. It was reported that 50.7% of the subjects experienced urinary incontinence with stress, mixed. and urgency incontinence being 49.8%, 43.4%, 6.8% respectively. 3. The lower urinary symptoms and incidence with urinary incontinence were as follows : Daily frequency. 22.3%, nocturia. 40.8%, urgency, 71.2%, bladder pain 47.8%, unexplainned incontinence, 32.4%, noctural incontinence, 16.1%, and frequency of incontinence, 37.7%. In term of quantity of incontinence, drop/pants damp, 29.5%, dribble/pants wet, 20.5%, flood or soaking through to outer clothing, 1.7%, and flood or running down legs or onto floor, 0.2%. 4. The symptoms related to sexual intercourse and incidence of urinary incontinence were as follows : dry vagina, 39.1%, sex life trouble, 10.8%, pain during sexual intercourse, 27.4%, and urine leakage during sexual intercourse. 8.8%. 5. Life style problems related to urinary incontinence were as follows : fluid intake restriction, 20.0%, affected daily task, 24.5%. avoidance of placess and situations, 35.0%, interference in physical activities, 30.6%, interference in relationships with other people. 19.0%. interference in relationships with husband/companion, 8.1%, and time after attack of urinary symptoms, 76.9%. In term of the feeling about the rest of their lifves the women reported : perfectly happy, 11.3%. pleased, 16.9%. mostly satisfied, 20.2%, mixed feelings, 21.0%, mostly dissatisfied, 21.0%, very unhappy 8.5%, and desperate. 1.0%. In conclusion. this study was a preliminary study to provide nursing practices guidelines for incontinence in adult women. Nurse working with adult women should develop and provide adequate care for these women.n.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.75-88
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• 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to identify the current use of Korean medicine for obesity and its effect for women in climacteric period. Methods: We studied women aged 45-55 who visited Daejeon Korean medicine Hospital of Daejeon University to lose body weight from January 1, 2021 to December 31, 2022 via an analysis of the medical records. The treatment duration was continuous for more than 2 weeks, and a body composition was measured by Inbody 770 at 2 to 4 weeks after the first visit. Results: 28 patients were finally selected and their average age was 49.32±3.38 years. Based on the body mass index (BMI) classification, 19 were in the 1st obesity group, 5 in the 2nd obesity group, 3 in the overweight group and 1 in the normal group. Patients usually complained comcomitant symptoms, and the symptoms of menopausal disorder was the most frequent. The average treatment duration was 3.68±0.67 weeks and the average treatment frequency was 3.93±0.98 times. All patients took herbal medicines Gambi-tang and 23 took modified fasting therapy including Gamro-su. 14 were treated by whole body far-infrared therapy and 6 were gotten partial obesity treatment. Among patients treated for accompanying symptoms, menopausal disorders were the most common (35.71%), and herbal medicine such as Gamisoyou-san, Hominis Placenta Pharmacopuncture, moxibustion, and cupping were used. After treatment, on average, body composition changed significantly; body weight 3.28±1.82 kg, BMI 1.36±1.04 kg/m², body fat 1.70±1.67 kg, skeletal muscle mass 0.81±0.91 kg, abdominal circumference 2.04±2.6 cm, and visceral fat area 8.91±12.83 cm². Conclusions: We analyzed general characteristics, BMI distribution, types of Korean medicine treatment and change of body composition. This study could be used as reference to provide practical data of treatment for obese women in climacteric period.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.325-330
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• 2020

Background: Dried tuberous roots of Cynanchum wilfordii are known to relieve menopause symptoms. However, the dried roots of C. wilfordii are morphologically similar to those of C. auriculatum, which makes it difficult to distinguish when used as a medicine. Various comparative studies have focused on chemical or molecular analysis of these roots. However, the differences between the two species at the cytogenetic level based on chromosome structure and composition remain to be elucidated. Methods and Results: For chromosome slides, the roots were fixed in 8-hydroxyquinoline, digested with enzyme mixture, and spread on slides. 5S and 45S rDNA were used as cytogenetic markers for the analysis of nuclear genomes by FISH. The chromosome number of the two species was 2n = 22, with a relatively short length, 1.13 ㎛ - 4.24 ㎛ and 1.00 ㎛ - 3.42 ㎛ with respect to each other. Both species represent one pair of 5S and 45S rDNA signal on chromosome 1, at the proximal region and peri-centromeric region, respectively. Conclusions: These preliminary cytogenetic data using FISH in C. wilfordii and C. auriculatum could be valuable for the comprehension of Cynanchum genome history.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제34권8호
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• pp.1388-1394
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• 2004

Purpose. Korean women are likely to experience symptoms of depression, possibly due to socially fixed limitations on the roles that Korean women are expected to perform. Also if a Korean woman experinces negative relationship problem or stress in her family, she would feel responsible, which will worsen her depression. Nonetheless, much of the research on depression among Korean women has focused on menopausal women. This study aims to understand the depression of Korean women to provide fundamental data to develop nursing intervention method for promoting women's health. Methods. The present investigation assessed the prevalence and correlates of depression in a large sample of Korean women, aged 18 or older, from the general population. With a probability sample of 3312 women drawn from two areas in Korea, a survey, which contains the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and background, was completed. Results. According to CES-D classification criteria, $36.5\%$ of the women in the sample displayed either no depression or mild depression, $55.6\%$ exhibited moderate depression, and $7.8\%$ manifested severe depression. Significant bivariate relationships were observed between depression and each measured background variable except alcohol use. Logistic regression analysis indicated that the strongest combination of predictors of depression included income, menopausal, and marital status. Conclusion. The data support the premise that Korean women disproportionately experience elevated levels of depression. Consistent with the theory, depression may be related to social pressures to conform to the traditional roles. The study suggests the need for further research, primary prevention activities, and increased access to treatment.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권12호
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• pp.6093-6095
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• 2012

Background: Phytoestrogens may be an alternative therapy in control of menopausal symptoms but their definite effects on breast tissue must be determined. Our study aimed to define the clinical and ultrasonographic changes of the breast after use of soy isoflavones in menopausal women. Materials and Methods: Menopausal women with hot flashes were randomly grouped as cases and controls and cases received soy isoflavones for 12 weeks. Breast examination (BE) and ultrasonography (US) were done at 0, 6 and 12 weeks. Tenderness and nodularity on BE were graded 1-4 by breast surgeons. Results: There were 30 women in the case and 26 in the control group. The mean age was 51.3 years and the mean age of menopause was 49.2 years. There was no change in the BE and US at 6 weeks in controls. In the case group, 10% had grade 1 tenderness and 13.3% grade 2 tenderness and grade 1 nodularity in BE accompanied with diffuse small cysts in US. At 12 weeks, there was no change in BE and US in the 2 groups. Conclusions: There was no statistically significant difference in the BE of the 2 groups at 6 and 12 weeks (p value=0.36 and 0.41 for nodularity and tenderness respectively) and in the US results. Although the literature contains many facts concerning PEs and the breast, further prospective studies are needed to identify structural breast changes produced by PEs in order to identify the appropriate dosage and indications of use.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.47-56
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• 2006

This study was to investigate relationship between osteoporosis and various factors. We compared the result in 390 women with under -2.5 bone mineral density (BMD, T-scores) with those in 370 women with over -1.0 BMD. According to WHO criteria, women with -2.5 BMD are regarded as patient with osteoporosis, while with above -1.0 BMD are healthy. We obtained the BMD(T-scores) data of 9.704 adult women over 20 year old. The following are the results of this study: The mean age of interviewed women was 45.7 years and their menopausal age was 48.6 years. Means of height and weight were 157.3cm and 56.9Kg respectively. The BMD was the highest in 30-34 year-old women, an average ranges were in the 35-44 year old group. The BMD decreased after 45 year-old. The early sixties women began to experience thiness of the BMD and the mid-sixties showed symptoms of osteoporosis. The formular showing the relationship between age and BMD can be represented as $Y=9.71X^2-2.71X+0.06$ (p<0.001). The bone mineral density decreased significantly with increases of age(p<0.001) and decreases of weight(p<0.001) in multiple regression analysis using age, weight, menopause age, height, number of pregnancies, number of children, and age as independent variables.