• The Mathematical Education
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.371-388
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• 2007

This is a case study trying to understand from the view of affordance which certain three middle school students perceive an activation of previous knowledge in the course of problem solving when they solve algebra word problems with a previous knowledge. The results of this study showed that at first, every subjects perceived the text as affordance which explaining superficial similarities, that is, a working(painting)situation rather than problem structure and then activated the related solution knowledge on the ground of the experience of previous problem solving which is similar to current situation. The subject's applying process for solving knowledge could be arranged largely into two types. The first type is a numeral information connected with the described problem situation or a symbolic representation of mathematical meaning which are the transformed solution applied process with a suitable solution formula to the current problem. This process achieved by constructing a virtual mental model that indicating mathematical situation about the problem when the solver read the problem integrating symbolized information from the described text. The second type is a case that those subjects symbolizing a formal mathematical concept which is not connected with the problem situation about the described numeral information from the applied problem or the text of mathematical meaning, which process is the case to perceive superficial phrases or words that described from the problem as affordance and then applied previously used algorithmatical formula as it was. In conclusion, on the ground of the results of this case study, it is guessed that many students put only algorithmatical knowledge in their memories through previous experiences of problem solving, and the memories are connected with the particular phrases described from the problems. And it is also recognizable when the reflection process which is the last step of problem solving carried out in the process of understanding the problem and making a plan showed the most successful in problem solving.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.29
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• pp.79-127
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• 2011

This study was designed for a theoretical and methodological discussion on a methodological medium, orality to historicize the 'Civilian Massacre', of countless counter-memories which are inherent in Korean society. In other words, prior to collection of oral sources, it is to produce reliable oral history through a discussion on oral history research methodology and qualitative research methodology of oral history, after theorizing occurrence process of dominant-memory and counter-memory, orality's meanings as a counter-memory and the necessity for historicization of neglected memories, focusing on a 'memory' which is a fundamental background of an 'oral' act. Based on this basic process, oral recording process was performed in Changsoo-myeon, Yeongdeok-gun, Kyung-book Province where was selected as a research target for the civilian massacre that is a case to figure out what kind of high-quality record is produced, with a precise understanding of a particular methodology, oral history.

• The Southeast Asian review
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.75-110
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• 2018

This study is to figure out the Filipino cultural identity by analyzing the image of the Philippine comfort woman statue, which was created as a representation of memories of the Filipino comfort women during the World War II. As a new approach to the field of area study, this study introduced the concept of 'intertextuality', which is a method of understanding texts in the field of literature. Since the comfort woman statue represents the grieved memories of the comfort women during the international war time, the analysis of the image was focused on 'femininity' and 'nationalism'. As for comparison, the Korean comfort woman statue, the Statue of Peace, was taken into the analysis. Upon analyzing, it can be seen that Filipino perception of femininity emphasizes 'beauty' rather than 'purity' that expressed in the Statue of Peace. And the Philippine nationalism expressed through the comfort woman statue can find 'elitist and inclusive' characteristics, unlike the 'popular and resisting' characteristics of Korean.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.39-48
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• 2022

Purpose : This study aimed to determine the experiences of the disaster response team 9 participants who participated in the disaster after the fire incident occurred in Jecheon Sports Center and their meaning and essence. Methods : Nine disaster response teams were the subjects of the study, and Individual in-depth interviews were conducted. Data were collected online between January 6 and April 30, 2021, from the software Zoom^TM. This study was conducted as a qualitative study by applying Giorgi's phenomenological experiential research method, which has an advantage in revealing the essential structure and meaning of experience. Results : Three major themes were derived from the study results: the stimulus through unfamiliar experiences, the grievances due to work environment and regional characteristics, and dullness resulting from hiding and enduring. The following 17 sub-themes were identified: learning through unfamiliar experiences, frustration due to unexpected circumstances, shock from unfamiliar experiences, doing my best in the present, confidence due to increased experience, disunified system, intervention of various interests, the atmosphere that puts responsibility on others, inactive help, unforgettable regional characteristics, working without time to settle, tolerating it in my own way, memories left in the unconsciousness, sudden suffering from memories that come to mind, movement in anxiety and tension, dullness, work with colleagues in the same situation. Conclusion : This study is meaningful in that it attempted to provide basic data in preparing a long-term strategy for effective policy direction and institutional protection based on the systematic mental health management of the disaster response team. Additionally, this study's results can be used as primary data for future research among Disaster Response Team.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.72-80
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• 2009

In this parer, we propose a hardware abstraction architecture(HAA) for low cost flash memories that can be applicable to wireless sensor nodes. The proposed HAA consists of three layers. The three layers are 1) HHL(Hardware Interlace Layer), HAL(Hardware Adaption Layer), and HPL(Hardware Presentation Layer), where HIL provides a platform independent interlace to applications of upper layers, HAL performs hardware resource management, program status control, and generation of logical instructions as main core of the HAA, and HPL initializes hardware and communicates data between MCU and flash memory. We implemented our HAA on AT45DB flash memory, and the HAA used 4,384 bytes program memory and 195 bytes data memory respectively. Since the proposed HAA is composed of well defined three layers and shows a low utilization of memory, it can provides a high efficiency in terms of flexibility, scalability, and re-usability, and thus the HAA is well suited for wireless sensor nodes.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.145-152
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• 1999

A new switch architecture is presented to enhance out-put queuing in photonic packet switches. Its appkication is for a packet switching enviroment based on the optical transport of fixed length packets. This architecture consists of a couple of cas-cading switching elements with output queuing, whose buffer ca-pacity is limited by photonic technology. The introduction of a suitable buffer management allows a very good and balanced ex-ploitation of the available optical memories, realized with fiber de-lay lines. In particular, packet loss performance is here evaluated showing the improvement with respect to the single switch and a way to design large optical switches is shown in order to meet broadband network requirements.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.970-979
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• 1993

In this paper, a multi-function processor unit is implemented for binary image processing. This unit consists of a set of address generatior, window pipeline register, look up table, control unit, and two local memories .The merits of multi-function processor unit are more simpler than basic SAP and improved disposal speed. A simple software selection give the various choices of image sizes and it can process the function of smoothing, thinning, feature extraction, and edge detection, selectively or sequentially.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 1999.10b
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• pp.339-341
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• 1999

본 논문에서는 연상 메모리 기능을 수행하는 셀룰라 신경망(Cellular Neural Netowork)의 설계를 위한 새로운 방법론을 제안한다. 먼저, 셀룰라 신경망 모델의 기본적 특성들을 소개한 후, 최적 성능을 가지고 이진 원형 패턴들을 저장할 수 있는 셀룰라 신경망 모델의 설계 방법을 제약 조건이 가해진 최적화 문제로 공식화한다. 다음으로 이 문제의 제약 조건을 선형 행렬 부등식(Linear Matrix Inequalities)을 포함하는 부등식의 형태로 변환시킬 수 있음을 관찰한다. 마지막으로 셀룰라 신경망 최적 설계 문제를 내부점 방법(interior point method)에 의해 효율적으로 풀릴 수 있는 일반화된 교유값 문제(Generalized Eigen Value Problem)로 변환하고 설계 예제를 통해 제안된 방법의 유효성을 검증한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2012.06a
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• pp.176-178
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• 2012

낸드 플래시 메모리는 FTL의 페이지 re-mapping 동작으로 인하여 특정 페이지가 무효화되었음에도 불구하고 물리적으로 소거되지 않은 상태로 낸드 플래시 공간을 점유하는 문제가 발생할 수 있다. 플래시 저장장치의 제어기는 플래시 기반 저장장치의 지속적인 쓰기 성능 유지와 저장 용량 확보를 위해 무효 페이지를 물리적으로 제거하고 유효 페이지를 수집하는 가비지 컬렉션 연산을 수행한다. 따라서 다수의 블록을 대상으로 가비지 컬렉션 연산을 수행할 경우, 많은 페이지 복사와 블록 삭제 연산들로 인한 저장장치 지연현상이 발생할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 낸드 플래시 저장장치에 적용 가능한 효과적인 가비지 컬렉션 메커니즘을 제안한다. 선점방식 가비지 컬렉션 기법은 블록 맵의 데이터 구조를 간단히 수정하여, 단일 블록을 대상으로 가비지 컬렉션을 수행한다. 이 기법의 유효성은 페이지 복사와 블록 삭제 연산을 세부 단위로 분할하여 처리가 가능하므로 가비지 컬렉션이 수행되는 도중에 요청되는 호스트의 요청에 기민하게 응답가능하다는 것이다.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.75-83
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine the variables that influence paternal parenting behavior. 160 fathers of five-year old preschoolers(85 boys and 75 girls) were recruited from 8 daycare centers located in Seoul, Korea and answered the questionnaire on the subject of attachment experience with their parents of origin based on their retrospective memories, marital satisfaction, spouse's gatekeeping, and their own parenting behavior as fathers cohabiting with their children. Data were analyzed through frequencies, an independent sample t-test, Pearson's correlations, the stepwise regression analyses using SPSS 15.0. The findings are as follows. First, there was no statistically significant difference in paternal parenting behavior according to children's gender. Second, marital satisfaction and attachment experience with their own mothers in childhood influenced all five subcategories of paternal parenting behavior(parental involvement, limit setting, responsiveness, reasoning guidance, intimacy) and spouse's gatekeeping influenced father's reasoning guidance and intimacy. Unexpectedly, attachment experience with their own father had no impact on any subcategories of paternal parenting behavior.