• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.964-973
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• 1999

본 논문에서는 퍼지 트리플을 사용하는 내용 기반 이미지 검색 방법을 제안한다. 이미지 내 객체들 사이의 공간 관계는 내용 기반 이미지 검색을 위해 사용되는 주요한 속성들 중의 하나이다. 그러나, 기존의 트리플을 이용한 이미지 검색 시스템들은 개념 기반 검색 방법을 지원하지 못하고, 방향들 사이의 근사 정합을 처리하지 못하는 문제점을 가지고 있다. 이 문제를 해결하기 위하여 본 논문에서는 개념 기반 정합과 근사 정합을 지원하는 퍼지 트리플을 이용한 이미지 검색 방법을 제안한다. 개념 기반 정합을 위해서는 퍼지 소속성 집합으로 이루어진 시소러스가 사용되며, 근사 정합을 위해서는 방향들 사이의 관계를 정량화 하기 위한 k-weight 함수가 각각 이용된다. 이 두 가지 정합은 퍼지 트리플 간의 퍼지 정합을 통하여 균일하게 지원될 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 또한, 개념 기반 정합과 근사 정합에 대한 검색 효과를 정량적으로 평가하는 작업을 수행한다. Abstract This paper proposes an inexact and a concept-based image match technique based on fuzzy triples. The most general method adopted to index and retrieve images based on this spatial structure may be triple framework. However, there are two significant drawbacks in this framework; one is that it can not support a concept-based image retrieval and the other is that it fails to deal with an inexact match among directions. To compensate these problems, we develope an image retrieval technique based on fuzzy triples to make the inexact and concept-based match possible. For the concept-based match, we employ a set of fuzzy membership functions structured like a thesaurus, whereas for the inexact match, we introduce k-weight functions to quantify the similarity between directions. In fuzzy triples, the two facilities are uniformly supported by fuzzy matching. In addition, we analyze the retrieval effectiveness of our framework regarding the degree of the conceptual matching and the inexact matching.

• The Korean Nurse
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.69-84
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to identify caregivers of the elderly, the pattern of the caregivers' caring behaviors, and the cultural principles of patterns of caring behaviors practiced in a Korean minority community, Yanbian. To clarify these, an ethnographic approach was used. The fieldwork for this study was conducted from Aug. 24, 1993 to May 20, 1994. The informants were 16 natives, age 60 or more, who were members of a large family of three generations. The results of the study are as follows. The caregivers for the elderly were family, kinship and community groups. Family caregivers for the elderly were spouses, sons, daughters-in-law, grandchildren, sons of former wives, sons of former husbands, adopted sons. daughters and sons-in-law. The elderly had caregivers who were part of the kinship group. Three community groups provided care for the elderly. The three community groups were Dokbozo. a formal large organization for the elderly. the same age group as an informal small meeting for the elderly, and other community younger groups. The findings of this study indicated that family caregivers, especially spouses and sons, are the significant others of the elderly, and comminuty groups are better caring groups than kinship relatives. This study identified forty-three different kind of caring behaviors. They were divided into fifteen behavior patterns. These patterns integrated into five categories : soo-bal(¼?¹ß), protecting, respect, support, jung(?×). For physical comfort, soo-bal and protecting were conducted. For the comfort of mind, respect. support, and jung were conducted. The comfort of mind are better than physical comfort for the elderly. Cultural principles of caring behaviors were group membership, reciprocity, and harmony. But there was no hierarchy priciple. And these three principles provide best caring together at the same time. This study provides significant data for nursing research, theory and practice.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.233-250
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to assess the development, current states, and problems of MEDLIS document delivery service. With the analysis of MEDLIS transaction data from 2001 to 2011, we identified continuous usage decrease, unbalanced contribution by type of institution, high dependence on back issues, use differences among subfields of medicine, relatively low success rate, and various reasons for failure. Based on the results, recommendations for the maintenance of union catalog database, technical support for search capability enhancements, establishment of back issue archiving policy, user training and publicity, and membership expansion are suggested to promote the service.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 1993.10a
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• pp.1254-1263
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• 1993

Representing knowledge uncertainty , aggregating evidence confidences , and propagation uncertainties are three key elements that effect the ability of a rule-based expert system to represent domains with uncertainty . Fuzzy set theory provide a good mathematical tool for representing the vagueness associated with a variable when , as the condition of a rule , it only partially corresponds to the input data. However, the aggregation of ANDed and Ored confidences is not as simple as the intersection and union operators defined for fuzzy set membership. There is, in fact, a certain degree of compensation that occurs when an expert aggregates confidences associated with compound evidence . Further, expert often consider individual evidences to be varying importance , or weight , in their support for a conclusion. This paper presents a flexible approach for evaluating evidence and conclusion confidences. Evidences may be represented as fuzzy or nonfuzzy variables with as associat d degree of certainty . different weight can also be associated degree of certainty. Different weights can also be assigned to the individual condition in determining the confidence of compound evidence . Conclusion confidence is calculated using a modified approach combining the evidence confidence and a rule strength. The techniques developed offer a flexible framework for representing knowledge and propagating uncertainties. This framework has the potention to reflect human aggregation of uncertain information more accurately than simple minimum and maximum operator do.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.5-15
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• 2020

Purpose: This study examines the impact of individual reciprocal preferences on coalition formation. The reciprocal model considers a player's own payoff, the player's perception of others' payoffs, and others' perceptions of the player's payoff. Research design, data and methodology: A reciprocal model is built to illustrate how reciprocity influences individual decisions in a coalition game and its formation. The prediction is examined with experimental evidences from a dictator game and a membership game. Results: The theoretical result suggests that the coalition formation could be unstable due to negative reciprocal kindness. The experimental findings support that negative reciprocal kindness could lead players participating in a coalition, no matter their dominant strategies are. When subjects were essential to make contributions to a coalition, they were more likely to cooperate if they were treated badly. In contrast, when subjects were unnecessary, the reciprocal kindness could enhance cooperative tendencies. Conclusions: This study reveals that the reciprocal behavior could influence individual decisions and reshape the coalition formation. In terms of policy implications, this study has shown that coalition formation could be reshaped by reciprocal prefe rences. Due to the strategic and complicated decision process in an interactive environment, a comprehensive investigation of factors would be required in a climate coalition in practice.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.117-125
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• 2003

The proposed mechanism has an group management server, which manages the information about both the receivers and the senders. Any receiver can dynamically join/leave the multicast VC. The signaling overload due to group membership changes is not concentrated on the sender, but it is distributed to many receivers for the scalability improvement. The associated signaling messages propagates from the receivers to the ATM switch dedicated to the multicast VC, and hence no signaling overload exists in the shared links there is no latency for the receiver to wait. Our proposed scheme is superior in the view of scalability, the efficiency and the latency to other schemes.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Rural Health Nursing
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.29-44
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify community health practitioners' (CHP) perception of barriers to research utilization, current status and competence in evidence-based practice (EBP). Methods: From all over the country, 126 CHP completed an e-mail survey. Results: The items with the highest barrier scores were that it is difficult to understand articles written in English and physicians will not cooperate with implementation. There were statistically significant differences in the scores for attitude toward EBP and knowledge in EBP by education level and nursing academic society membership status. When faced with a problem, the nurses usually use related regulations or asked a colleague for advice. Conclusion: Results indicate an awareness of the necessity of applying EBP, need to improve readiness to use EBP voluntarily and actively, and need to search for various factors that are barriers to research utilization. There is a need to develop and apply EBP training/education programs to find new evidence that might actually support previous practice for which nurses lack confidence. Guidelines that consider CHP task characteristics and barrier factors to research utilization should be developed.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.24 no.6 s.84
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• pp.161-176
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to conduct a family impact analysis to examine the effects of policies to lower fertility in families in Korea. Data were collected from a purposive sample of three groups of government officials, family scholars, and staff at family-related organizations and associations. 105 family policy professionals responded to the self-report questionnaire. The family impact analysis scale was formulated by the researcher based on Ooms'(1995)'A checklist for assessing the impact of policies on families' and Lawson & Lawson's(2001)'An example on family impact analysis checklist or inventory.' The results showed there were eight factors in the family impact analysis on the policies to low fertility in Korea; strengthening family membership and stability; providing various convenient public services; recognizing family interdependence; recognizing the efficiency of implementing policies and support of vulnerable families; strengthening the family function of childbirth; recognizing family relationships; preventing family problems and empowering families; and recognizing family diversity. The conclusions and implications of these findings were also discussed.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.132-146
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• 2001

Rice cultivation is not only the main resource of farm income and staple food but also the root of cultural life of Korean people. Korean government has carried out irrigation water development with heavy investment to cope with water shortage in rice fanning as a link of the five years economic development plans. In spite of the continuous accomplishment of irrigation water development, the marginal benefits-costs of irrigation water has not been studied. Owing to the government full support for the operation and maintenance of irrigation facilities, price of irrigation water as a membership fee could not be formed as the municipal and industrial water prices. Accordingly this study is aimed at identifying firstly the marginal benefits-cost of irrigation water, secondly deriving the macro-econometrics models as supply and demand functions of irrigation water and thirdly examining the marginal benefits-cost ratio. The trends of supply and demand prices of irrigation water were estimated annually. Considering the marginal benefits-cost ratio as 1.3, it was identified that additional irrigation water development projects still have an economic feasibility under the present economic situation in Korea.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.353-360
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• 2006

Ecological correlates of flowering times often are examined to infer evolutionary mechanisms for flowering time diversities. We examined ecological characteristic associations such as growth habits and pollination modes with flowering times among 3,037 Korean angiosperms experiencing strong climatic seasonalities. We first examined taxonomic membership effects on flowering times across diverse taxonomic levels. Phylogeny constrained flowering times at all levels down to the genus level. We then analyzed the effects of ecological characteristics using subset data consisting of species randomly selected from each genus to control phylogenetic effects. The commonly observed patterns of early flowering of woody species in temperate regions existed. Spring flowering shrubs and trees, however, both being woody, were involved with biotic and abiotic vectors, respectively. In two herbaceous groups of annuals and perennials, annuals flowered later in the growing season than perennials although both herbs tended to be associated with abiotic vectors when flowering in autumn. These results support our hypothesis that species able to decouple vegetative and reproductive growth flower in spring's dry season, but species with different habits, even when they flower within the same season, are subjected to different selective pressures for efficient pollination.