• Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.299-306
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• 2021

Vitrification methods are commonly used for mammalian reproduction through the long-term storage of blastocyst produced in vitro. However, the survival and quality of embryos following vitrification are significantly low compared with blastocyst from in vitro production (IVP). This study evaluates that the survival of frozen-thawed bovine embryos was relevant to mitochondrial superoxide derived mitochondrial activity. Here we present supplementation of the cryopreservation medium with Mito-TEMPO (0.1 µM) induced a significant (p < 0.001; non-treated group: 56.8 ± 8.7%, reexpanded at 24 h vs Mito-TEMPO treated group: 77.5 ± 8.9%, re-expanded at 24 h) improvement in survival rate of cryopreserved-thawed bovine blastocyst. To confirm the quality of vitrified blastocyst after thawing, DNA fragmentation of survived embryos was examined by TUNEL assay. As a result, TUNEL positive cells rates of frozen-thawed embryos were lower in the Mito-TEMPO treated group (4.2 ± 1.4%) than the non-treated group (7.1 ± 3.5%). In addition, we investigated the intracellular ROS and mitochondrial specific superoxide production using DCF-DA and Mito-SOX staining in survived bovine embryos following vitrification depending on Mito-TEMPO treatment. As expected, intracellular ROS levels and superoxide production of vitrified blastocysts after cryopreservation were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) according to Mito-TEMPO supplement in freezing medium. Also, mitochondrial activity measured by MitoTracker Orange staining increased in the frozen-thawed embryos with Mito-TEMPO compared with non-treated group. These results indicate that the treatment of Mito-TEMPO during cryopreservation might induce reduction in DNA fragmentation and apoptosis-related ROS production, consequently increasing mitochondrial activation for developmental capacity of frozen-thawed embryos.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.327-329
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• 2023

In this study, an experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of the concentrations of tryptone, an organic nitrogen supplement, and sodium tungstate on the growth of microbial and the production of acetic acid and ethanol in the culture of Clostridium ljungdahlii. Microbial growth increased by 144.6%, and ethanol and acetic acid production improved by 8.6% and 36.7%, respectively, when 2.5 g/L of tryptone was added to the medium of the control experiment (0 g/L tryptone). In the experiment with 1 µM Na₂WO₄·2H₂O, which is 100 times higher than the condition of the medium used in the control experiment (0.01 µM Na₂WO₄·2H₂O), there was no significant difference in microbial growth or total production of C2 metabolites, but ethanol production increased and acetic acid production decreased. As a result, the ethanol/acetic acid production ratio increased significantly from 0.24 in the control experiment to 0.56.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.34-40
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• 1998

The existing flood runoff models, Complex Hydrograph and HEC-1, have some problems which do not properly represent runoff characteristics on the Korean paddy basin and their basin slopes. In this study, FAS(Flood Analysis System) was developed in order to supplement those problems, which was built calibrating runoff curve number for paddy basin and applying basin slopes to classify 5 levels. And also the FAS can synthesize the flood hydrographs of subbasin and analyze flood routing along a stream. To verify the applicability of the FAS, the computed flood hydrographs were compared with the observed hydrographs from the four watersheds. In the small basin smaller than 10$\textrm{km}^2$, the results of the FAS did not completely agree with the observed ones due to concentration time delay of paddy storage effect while in the medium and large size basin showed good agreements between the observed and computed ones. Therefore, it was concluded that the FAS could be applied for the flood analysis of Korean watershed which was characterized by paddy storage effect.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.362-365
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• 2001

Human, physical damage is happened frequently to consumer's safety accident by product defect on modern industrial society. Accordingly, advanced nation including the United States of America enforce product liability law and is protecting consumer more actively from danger of product defect. Our country(Korea) may enforce product liability law since July, 2002, and if business does not grope effective confrontation way about PL, capital strength weak smaller enterprise and venture business corporation's competitive power may affect much corporation's competitive power enfeeblement and survival. This research supplement based on induction and operating QMS in smaller enterprise essential factor that corporations must equip according to product liability law enforcement. And we present integration quality management system model of Product liability to do so that smaller enterprises may can cope effectively at force of Product liability law.

• ALGAE
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.295-298
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• 2005

The growth of subaerial microalgae on historic buildings or various cultural properties causes discoloration and physico-chemical deterioration of the surfaces. We collected a subaerial chlorophyte, Chlorella sp., from the stone Standing Buddha statue at Jungwon Miruksazi, which is a national treasure of Korea, and found dormant, thickwalled spores with regular pentagonal ornamentation along with the vegetative Chlorella cells. The morphology of Chlorella resting spores was compared to that of the other green algal resting cells. The ornamented spores and smooth-walled vegetative cells revived in 2 weeks in a liquid freshwater medium and started reproduction by autospores. To our knowledge, the ability of Chlorella to form ornamented dormant spores in drought condition was not previously recorded. The ornamentation of spores would supplement taxonomic characteristics of this genus.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.207-214
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• 1994

This study was carried out to develop the methodology of chromosome preparation from blood cultures in mammals which included human, mouse, cattle and pig. For karyotyping, 0.5-5.0ml of peripheral blood were collected and cultured. The satisfactory results were obtained from macroculture and microculture in all species. In culture, the patterns of cell growth were no difference among media except serum concentration and mitogen supplement. The presence of mitogen and fetal bovine serum in medium significantly affected the mitotic index. The optimal culture condition was 37$^{\circ}C$ for 3 days. And the concentration of colcemid and reincubation time also affected the chromosome morphology. In harvest, chromosome patterns were mainly affected on hypotonic treatment which included treated time and temperature, dropwise of fixative solution, and drying after slide preparation.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.233-239
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• 1995

The effects of media, growth regulators, low-temperature treatments, culture temperature and light were investigated to improve the callus induction and growth in the anther culture of Comus officinalis Sieb. et Zucco. The frequency of callus induction was more effective on WPM medium than MS medium, and it was highest as 54% in WPM medium supplemented with Img/L NAA. Callus growth was stimulated on MS medium supplemented with 2mg/L NAA. Effect of temperature and light on the callus induction and growth was highest as 62% in the treatment for 16/8 hrs. (light/dark) at $25^{\circ}C$ Ef­fect of low - temperature treatment on callus induction was highest as 19. 5% in the treatment for 36 hrs. at $4^{\circ}C$. For organization, green cells and rootings were promoted on MS medium supplemented with O. 5mg/L 2,4-D and 1 mg/L kinetin. The prevention of callus browning was effective on the medium con­taining $3{\sim}5mg/L$ ABA or 5mg/L $AgNO_3$. The supplement of ABA or $AgNO_3$,were maintained callus ac­tivity for 4-5 weeks and they were promoted the development of green cells.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.113-120
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• 2011

Present studies are carried out to find media components and culture methods for in vitro propagation of Athyrium niponicum and to establish the optimal economic masspropagation systems. Among pinnae, petiole and rhizome segments only rhizome segments produced young plants. Rhizome segments showed vigorous plant regeneration on 1/2MS medium and supplement to 1% sucrose and 50 $mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ $NaH_2PO_4$ were promoted the plant regeneration from rhizome segments. Kinetin was better than BA for plant regeneration and combination with 2 ${\mu}M$ kinetin and 5 ${\mu}M$ IBA was most efficient for plant regeneration. Solid or liquid medium with or without 0.1% qactivated charcoal in modified 1/2MS medium (1% sucrose, 50 $mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ $NaH_2PO_4$, 2 ${\mu}M$ kinetin, 5 ${\mu}M$ IBA, pH 5.8) were used to find the optimal culture methods. The plant regeneration from rhizome segments were most vigorous on solid medium without activated charcoal. The addition of activated charcoal were inhibited the plant regeneration from rhizome segments not only on solid medium but also liquid stationary or suspension culture.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.298-300
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• 2001

Haematococcus pluvialis was cultured autotrophically and mixotrophically for astaxanthin production in bubble column photobioreactors with $CO_2$ and/or acetate supplements. Four different schemes were tested using 5% $CO_2$ balanced with 95% $N_2$ at the aeration rate of 0.1 vvm and supplementation of acetate (l g/L) to the basal medium, MBBM. Average specific growth rates based on cell total volume of each case were 0.138 $day^{-1}$ in control (without $CO_2$ and acetate supplements), 0.125 $day^{-1}$ with only acetate supplementation, 0.315 $day^{-1}$ with only $CO_2$ supplement, 0.304 $day^{-1}$with both $CO_2$ and acetate. The growth rate under $CO_2$ supply was much higher than that without $CO_2$ supply. DCO and DO seemed to be a possible limitation factor. Another interesting observation was the growth rate under $CO_2$ supplement (without acetate) was higher than that under both $CO_2$ and acetate supply. This result is the opposite of the previously reported works. From the result, the existence of acetate may suppress the dark reaction of $CO_2$ fixation or photosynthesis. Conclusively, the growth of H. pluvialis under photoautotrophic condition found to be higher than that under mixotrophic condition.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.59-64
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• 2000

To determine a suitable condition for in vitro infection model of cryptosporidium parvum, four different cell lines, AGS, MDCK, HCT-8 and Caco-2, were used as host cell lines which were cultured at various concentrations of added supplements. These supplement include fetal bovine serum (FBS), sodium choleate, ascorbic acid, folic acid, calcium pantothenate, para-aminobenzoic acid and pyruvate and their effects on the cell lines which were infected with C. parvum were evaluated. The results of this study showed that the AGS cell line was most susceptible to C. parvum whereas the Caco-2 cells appeared to be least susceptible to C. parvum. In regards to the serum condition, 10% FBS was suitable for the growth of AGS and HCT-8 cells, and 1% FBS was good for the growth of the MDCK cells when they were inoculated with C. parvum. Vitamines had a positive effect on the AGS cells, and pyruvate also showed positive effects on all of the cell lines except for Caco-2. Modified medium for each cell line was prepared by adding appropriate amounts of each supplement which resulted in the highest parasite infection number. Modified media increased the number of parasites infected on AGS cells to 2.3-fold higher when compared to the control media. In this study, we found that the AGS cell line was a suitable host model for evaluating C. parvum in vitro study and the media contents for the optimal infection conditions were suggested.