• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.15-23
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• 2016

Purpose: Planning space of the house is important as a universal place to relieve stress of contemporary people. Void space is easy to perform mental and cultural programs in aspect of affording the healing behavior. The "Interface" accommodates healing behaviors through mutual interchange between void space and solid space as the edge of the solid space around void space. This study presents a efficient theory of healing space through combining space theory with the Kitwood's theory of psychiatry used for the art therapy. Methods: Spatial elements based on Kitwood's theory converges towards 2 behavioral elements; Meditation(-), Sense of Community(+). Balancing with reciprocal complement between behaviors of passive and stable "Meditation(-)" and active and released "Sense of Community(+)" was analysed. Results: "Faciliation" can be used in combination with "Flow(+)" as active factor. "Validation" is combined with "Prospect(+,-)", and divides into 2 factor ; "Recognition-Refreshment(-)", "Reaction-Social Exchange(+)". "Holding" is combined with "Refuge(-)" as passive factor. Implications: This study established concept of spatial healing elements in connection with theory of Psychiatry about Alzheimer that is extreme situation of stress. This study is expected to enhance the validity and efficiency in analysis of healing space.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.15-23
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• 2008

The criterion of 'void space' in this paper is based on the sense of unusual experiences to afford the improvement of the value of cultural life with the sense of Healing. The more chances to spiritual converse with nature and oneself, the higher the value of healing experiences that one has will grow. This analysis has been done on the premises that this is derived from the inner conversation with 'nature' and 'oneself', as well as among 'others'. In other words, while the 'community void' affords programmatic aspect in relations between humans, the 'ecological void', systemic aspect in relations between human and nature, the 'meditation void', the aspect of image in relations between human and human's inside. Jong-soung Kimm and Hyo-sang Seung are Korean architects who have consistently expressed contrastive essential characteristics of the 'void space' in their contemporary works. While the void space of contemporary Korean architectures have shown various external forms, there has been a trace deeply rooted from the absolute and neutral concepts of the masters of Modern architects and 'Madang'of Korean traditional space. The integrated composition in the works of Jong-soung Kimm suggested integrated characters and healing affordances of 'Madang', but it hardly showed the poetic simplicity that could be seen from the image of traditional 'Madang'. On the other hand, the works of Hyo-sang Seung represented the simple and silent image of 'Madang', but showed fragmented characteristics that didn't sufficiently afford the integrated healing functions of 'Madang'.

• The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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• no.27
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• pp.7-37
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• 2009

This paper handled the problem of 'the mind' suggested by Bojo-Jinul. On the whole, I explained three fields, Jinul's way to approach 'the mind', the theory of the nature and the theory of practice and enlightenment. This paper is based on the established research papers. However the part that I explained the 'no-mind' in the theory of the nature is different from the established researchers. It is the emphasized part to interefere with Kanhwa Meditation. In this part, I explained Bojo's way to approach 'the mind' in the viewpoint of Sujeungnon(the theory of practice and enlightenment). And I clarified that his thought had been showed in his work and his system of thought is composed of Donojeomsuron(the theory of sudden enlightenment and gradual cultivation) and Kanhwa-Seon(Kanhwa-meditation). It is the theory of the nature that we handles 'the problem' philosophically. So I studied the examples of the nature and then I researched 'Kongjeokyeongjisim(the mind of the light of the divine wisdom in the void)', the foundation of 'Donojeomsu(the sudden enlightenment and gradual cultivation)' and 'Musim (no-mind)', the foundation of Kanhwaron. Finally, I inquired into 'Donojeomsuron(the theory of sudden enlightenment and gradual cultivation)' and 'Kanhwaron(Kanhwa-Meditation)' as 'Sujeungron(the theory of practice and enlightenment)'.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.111-119
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• 2014

This papers is to find out the design theory of total healing environment through the studies on the mutually complementary roles of proxemics, which is the objective and numerical design indicator in the analysis of space and the spacial expression theory, which is the subjective and intuitive design indicator. 3 factors in the elements of total healing environment have the following relationship. And 8 behavioral affordance factors in the elements of spatial expression have the following mutual relationships; The physical factor of total healing environment has the relation with the work&study(+) and circulation(+), the psychological factor has the relationship with the rest(-),visual sequence(-),social exchange(+),refreshment(-) and meditation(-). In addition, the social factor of total healing environment has the relation with the circulation(+),social exchange(+) and community(+). And the work&study(+) and rest(-) of the refuge have the relation with the intimate distance and personal distance, the circulation (+) and visual sequence (-) of the flow has the relationship with the social distance. In addition, the social exchange (+) and the refreshment (-) of the prospect have the relation with the near public distance and the community (+) and meditation (-) of the void have the relation with the far public distance. According to the analysis, the cases in 5 children hospital were studied and the characteristics of total healing environment was evaluated for the spatial proxemics.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.158-166
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to suggest a direction for eco-friendly healing space design for healthcare facilities in the future. Theoretical review and case study on the concept of sustainable design, spatial expression and behavioral affordance were used as research method. Through these reviews, the 3 elements of the total healing environment -physical, psychological and social- have correspondence with elements of spatial expression; Refuge, Flow, Prospect and Void. And these are related to the eight kinds of Behavioral affordance which are subdivided into WORK&STUDY, REST, CIRCULATION, VISUAL SEQUENCE, SOCIAL EXCHANGE, REFRESHMENT, COMMUNITY and MEDITATION. And the concept of sustainable design consists of 6 principles ; Natural system, People, Place, The cycle of life, Energy & natural resources and Process. Through correlation analysis of behavioral affordance and 6 principles, the result of this study presents that the physical elements of the total healing space was mainly associated with the principles of people, place and the cycle of life. Psychological element was related to principle of natural system, human, place and process. And social element was associated with the principles of human, place and process. According to this analysis, the case study of four low-rise eco-friendly medical facilities was undertaken. Sustainability was evaluated in total healing environmental through this case study.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.37-45
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• 2010

This study is the analysis of characteristics of hospital space for the holistic healing environment of children on the basis of the healing theory on emotion of Max L$\ddot{u}$scher and the healing theory on senses of Rudolf Steiner of the overseas children's hospitals. According to the theory of Rudolf Steiner, children make comprehensive advancement of physical, spirit and soul through the interaction of 12 senses. In addition, Max Luscher asserts that the psychological health can be maintained when the 4 emotional status in content, confidence, self-esteem and liberty make the balance. The 4 elements of Luscher have correspond with spatial expression elements for refuge, flow, prospect and void, and this is analyzed in conjunction with the eight kinds of behavior affordance of ying and yang (-, +) that helps our the advancement of 12 senses of Steiner. WORK & STUDY(+), REST(-), MOBILITY(+), VISUAL SEQUENCE(-), SOCIAL EXCHANGE(+), REFRESHMENT(-), COMMUNITY(+) and MEDITATION (-) would be the 8 kinds of behavioral affordances to make the healing environment as presented in this study and the case analysis for children's hospitals have been undertaken.