• Journal of Evidence-Based Herbal Medicine
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.9-18
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• 2010

The use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is currently widespread and appears to be growing. As an increasing proportion of the population turns to CAM therapies, whether singly or in combination with allopathic medicine, the need for quality research in this area is reinforced. Much of this research consists of clinical studies aim ed primarily at clinicians, yet challenges arising from poor methodological quality will occur w hen interpreting study findings and their implications. For clinicians to be effective consumers of the scientific literature, familiarization with the principles of evidence based medicine (EBM) is essential. The goal of this review is to introduce clinicians to the concept of critical appraisal of clinical studies and foster critical thinking when reading research articles in order to best evaluate and incorporate study findings into their daily practice.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.157-166
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• 2015

골기능 개선용 흑염소 액상제품을 개발하기 기초연구로서 흑염소 및 약용식물 복합추출물이 MG-63 조골세포 및 마우스 골수세포 유래 파골세포의 분화에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 흑염소 원료육의 일반성분, 휘발성 염기질소, 무기질함량, 유리아미노산 조성 및 지방산 조성 등의 영양성분을 분석하여 기초자료를 마련하였다. 흑염소에 첨가할 약용식물의 종류와 배합을 달리한 두 그룹의 한약재 첨가군에 대해 증탕추출액과 증류액을 제조하여 총 6개 시료군 (흑염소육 (BG-E, BG-D), 6종 한약재 첨가군 (BG-E6, BG-D6) 및 8종 한약재 첨가군 (BG-E8, BG-D8)을 대상으로 골강화 활성을 분석하였다. 식품공전상 식품의 원료로 사용이 가능한 원료 중 황기, 홍화씨, 당귀, 황정, 속단, 우슬 각각 2/2/2/2/1/1의 배합비를 지닌 한약재 6종 첨가군 및 동일배합에 녹용과 녹각을 각각 0.3/1.2 로 추가배합한 한약재 8종 첨가군을 사용하였다. 조골세포 MG-63의 증식 촉진 활성에 대해 시료별 및 농도별로 유의적인 차이가 나타났으며 한약재 무첨가 흑염소군보다 6종 및 8종 등 한약재 첨가량이 많을수록 활성이 증가하였다. 증탕추출액과 달리 증류액은 모두 유의한 효과가 없었다. 조골세포의 골석회화 촉진활성시험 결과 대조군에 비해 모든 시료 처리군에서 칼슘함량이 유의적으로 증가하여 MG-63 세포의 석회화 결절 형성을 농도 의존적으로 유의하게 증가시켰다. BG-E6는 대조군에 비해 석회화 형성을 170.3% 증가시켰고, 증류액인 BG-D와 BG-D6는 각각 168.5% 및 159.8%의 증가를 나타내었다. 시료별 차이에 있어 한약재 첨가군이 무첨가군보다 높았고, 증탕추출액이 증류액보다 높은 활성을 보였다. 세포의 칼슘 흡수량을 측정한 결과 모든 증탕추출액에서 활성이 증가하였고 특히 BG-E6와 BG-E8은 각각 615.5%와 628.1%로 유의적으로 가장 높은 증가율을 보였다. 증류액은 BG-D6의 1/10 농도군외에 효과가 없었다. 마우스 골수세포 유래 파골세포의 증식억제 실험결과 TNF-${\alpha}$ 만을 처리한 대조군에 비해 모든 시료군이 TRAP활성을 억제하는 경향을 나타내었다. 특히 BG-D 및 BG-E6, BG-E8은 유의하게 파골세포로의 분화를 억제하였다. 종합적으로 흑염소육을 비롯하여 황기, 홍화씨, 당귀, 황정, 속단, 우슬, 녹용 및 녹각 등 한약재의 복합추출물은 골 기능 강화에 매우 효과적인 기능성 원료가 될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.21-37
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• 1999

For the purpose of wide application of Korea Ginseng Radix (KGR) as a tonic and medicinal drug, bibliographical study on Ginseng Radix (GR) was done about its herbal and pharmacological effects known so far. Herbal effect of GR was studied in 28 classical books including Shennongbencaojing(신농본초경), the oldest herbal book in oriental medicine and also its pharmacological effects was compared with its herbal effect. In bibliographical study 38 kinds of efficacies of GR were referred in those books, for example, in fields of gastrointestinal tract, heart, psychology, body fluid, hormone and respiratory tract in order from statistical analysis. GR was chiefly used for supplementing Qi, vital energy in oriental medicine. However, experimental study on respiratory diseases was not reported except lung cancer yet, while GR was used for the treatment of asthma mostly mixed with other herb in oriental medicine. So far research with GR was performed chiefly for isolation of constituents as saponins and evaluation of its efficacy experimentally by KGTR (Korea Ginseng Tobacco Research Institute). From the above studies, to make KGR used widely than before, I suggest study with KGR should be done according to oriental principles such as Qi and tasters and combination theory between herbs excepting typical analytical research with saponins.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.124-129
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• 2001

생약재로 이용되고 있는 활나물은 항암효과가 밝혀져 그 이용이 기대되나 종자발아가 불량하여 재배가 어려운 식물이다. 따라서 $GA_3$, 저온, $KNO_3$, acetone처리가 활나물의 종자발아에 미치는 영향을 구명하여 앞으로의 재배연구의 기초자료를 얻고자 본 연구를 실시하였던 바 그 결과를 다음과 같다. 1. 활나물 종자의 발아율은 $GA_3$ 처리시에는 0.1 mM에 12시간 암상태에서, 저온처리시에는 $3^{\circ}C$에서 1주간 처리하는것에서 가장 높았다. 2. 발아율은 $KNO_3$ 처리시에는 400 mM에 6시간, acetone 처리시에는 200 mM에 6시간 처리하는 것에서 가장 높았으며, 이들 처리결과가 $GA_3$ 또는 저온처리의 최적결과보다 양호하였다. 3. 포장출현율은 200 mM의 acetone 용액에 6시간 처리하는 것보다 400 mM의 $KNO_3$에 6시간 처리하는 것에서 높은 것으로 조사되어 활나물 종자처리는 $KNO_3$를 이용하여 암상태에서 처리하는 것이 바람직한 처리방법으로 평가되었다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.605-610
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• 2003

인삼, 호장근, 상산 등에서 분리한 성분들이 HL60, HL-60, Jurkat, Molt-4에 대한 억제작용이 있는 것으로 조사되었고, 익모초의 Leonunrine, 대청엽의 Indirubin, 천문동의 Aspargus polysaccharideA.B.C.D, 백합의 Colchicnamile, 익모초의 Lenunrine, 산두근, 자초근 추출물이 여러유형의 백혈병 환자에 대한 백혈병 억제효과가 있는 것으로 조사되었으며, mouse의 P388, L1210, L615, L120, S-180 등에 항 백혈병 효과가 있는 것으로는 완화, 로회, 원지, 오수유, 파두, 뇌공등, 석산, 백출, 단삼, 산약, 목단피, 청대, 감초, 당귀에서 분리한 성분들이 있으며 백굴채, 마전자, 가시오가피, 천초 추출물들이 동물실험에서 항암작용이 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 또 천연물에서 분리한 성분이 항백혈병 작용이 있는것으로는 ginsenoside Ro, ginseonoside Rh2, Emodin, Yuanhuacine, Aleemodin, phorbocdiester, Triptolide, Homolycorine, Atractylol, Colchicnamile, Paeonol, 당귀다당체, Aspargus polysaccharideABCD, Indirubin, Leonunrine, Acinosohic acid, Trichosanthin, G2 132, Schizandrin, allicin, Indirubin, cmdiumlactone chuanxiongol, 18A glycyrrhetic acid, Kansuiphorin A, 13 oxyingenol Kansuiphorin B 등이 조사되었고, 추출물이 항 백혈병 작용이 있는 것으로는 원지, 오수유, 백굴채, 대황, 산두근, 마전자, 가시오가피, 천초 등이 조사되었다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.550-569
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of herbal medicine treatment for patients with migraine and to suggest research methods for herbal medicine treatment on migraine. Methods: In this study, a search was conducted through several academic sites using a combination of terms '편두통', 'Migraine', '한약', '한약치료', 'Herbal medicine', 'Herbal medicines', 'Herb', 'Traditional Chinese Medicine', and 'TCM'. Randomized controlled trials using herbal medicine treatments for adult patients with migraine were selected. Results: Ultimately, 46 papers were selected and analyzed. A statistically significant improvement was noted in the treatment group in terms of clinical migraine symptoms and other migraine evaluation tools before and after the herbal medicine treatment. Herbal medicines were administered in decoction, pill, and granule formulations. Many kinds of medicinal herbs, such as 解表藥類, 補益藥類, 淸熱藥類, 活血祛瘀藥類, and 平肝藥類, have been used for migraine. Among them, 川芎, belonging to 活血祛瘀藥類, is mentioned 36 times and is the most frequently used medicine. Herbal medicine was used safely for migraine treatment, without major adverse reactions, and the recurrence rate was significantly lower in the treatment group than in the control group. Conclusions: In conclusion, the herbal medicine treatment for patients with migraine showed a statistically significant improvement in 46 papers. Future studies should utilize standardized and objective evaluation tools, along with appropriate experimental design. The relevant articles should be increased to a significant level to verify the effect of herbal medicine treatments on migraine.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.182-188
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• 2012

Iris dichotoma Pall. is an important endangered plant belonging to the family Iridaceae. A method was developed for the rapid micropropagation of I. dichotoma through plant regeneration from leaf, rhizome, and root explant-derived calli. Leaf, rhizome, and root segments were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D; $0-3.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$) for callus induction. Callus production was highest at $1.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 2,4-D, where 73.8% and 45.5% of cultured rhizome and root cuttings, respectively, produced calli. The viable calli were maintained at an induced concentration of 2,4-D ($3.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$). They were then transferred to MS medium supplemented with various concentrations of 2,4-D ($0-3.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$) in combination with 6-benzyladenine (BA: 0, 1.0 and $3.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$) for adventitious shoot regeneration. The addition of a low concentration of 2,4-D into BA-containing medium significantly increased the frequency of shoot regeneration in leaf, rhizome, and root-derived calli. The highest number of adventitious shoots (26.4 per callus) formed at $0.5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 2,4-D and 1.0 mg/l BA. For rooting of the shoots, half- strength MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of indole 3-butyric acid (IBA) $0-3.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ was tested. The optimal results were observed using half-strength MS medium supplemented with $1.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ IBA, on which 98% of the regenerated shoots developed roots with an average of 3.5 roots per shoot within 45 days. The plantlets raised in vitro were acclimatized and transferred to soil with 95% success. This in vitro propagation protocol will be useful for conservation and mass propagation of this endangered plant.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.163-168
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• 2013

Iris odaesanensis Y. N. Lee. is an important endangered and native plant belonging to the family Iridaceae in Korea. This study describes a method for rapid micropropagation of this species via from leaf, rhizome and root explants derived calli. Leaf, rhizome and root explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) for callus induction. Rhizome explants yielded calli at a frequency of 72% when cultured at 1.0 mg/l 2,4-D. Calli were maintained at 1.0 mg/l 2,4-D. These calli were transferred to MS medium supplemented with 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/l 2,4-D in combination with 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 3.0 mg/l BA for adventitious shoot induction. The highest number of adventitious shoot (228.9 per petri-dish) were formed at 1.0 mg/l 2,4-D and 1.0 mg/l BA. WPM medium was the best to convert calli into plantlets, where up to 98.2% of calli were regenerated into plantlets. This in vitro propagation protocol should be useful for conservation of this endangered plant.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.65-78
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• 2021

Objectives : This study aims to provide a methodology for effectively searching similar applications of formulas by comparing applications of pre-existing prescriptions and those applied clinically based on the difference in weight ratio of each medicinal. Methods : The clinical application part was substituted by prescriptions from the Donguibogam. Samples of pre-existing prescriptions were taken from the Bangyakhappyeon. The component ratio of Donguibogam prescriptions(Y) and Bangyakhappyeon prescriptions(X1, X2) were calculated and expressed as Y = a×X1 +b×X2 + α. (a,b: numbers, α: the rest) Results : 1. In order to express the component ratio based on arbitrary prescriptions as standard prescription, a system that incorporates a storage sector for pre-existing prescription data, an input sector for arbitrary prescription data, an analysis sector that compares the two, and an output sector that generates analysis results is required. 2. The current study shows that the suggested analysis method allows for two standard prescriptions to an arbitrary prescription. Therefore, it is possible to analyze prescriptions that are combinations of two standard prescriptions. 3. Based on arbitrary prescription(Y) and pre-existing prescription(X1, X2), the combinations could be expressed as Y= a×X1 + b×X2 + α. Through finding the most simple combination, it is possible to search the most similar application to each arbitrary prescription.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.87-90
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• 2011

시판 19종 한약재 methanol 추출물의 어병세균 Edwardsiella tarda에 대한 항균활성을 측정한 결과, 오배자 추출물에서 가장 강한 활성이 나타났다. 오배자 methanol 추출물은 용매 극성에 따라 분획하였으며, 각 분획물의 항균활성 측정 결과 ethyl acetate 층에서 가장 강한 항균 활성이 나타났다. 이는 E. coli와E. tarda 모두에 대해 유사한 결과를 보였다. 오배자 추출물의 최소생육저해농도(MIC)를 측정한 결과 $64\;{\mu}g$/mL에서 E. tarda의 생육을, $256\;{\mu}g$/mL에서 E. coli의 생육을 저해할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이 결과는 활성물질이 정제되어 단일 물질화 하였을 경우에는 상당히 낮은 농도에서도E. tarda에 대한 저해능을 기대할 수 있을 것이다. 본 실험 결과에서 나타난E. coli와E. tarda에 대해 강한 효능을 나타내는 항균활성물질을 분리 동정 중에 있으며, 상용되고 있는 항생제와의 병용투여 효과 및 조건 등에 대한 연구가 지속적으로 진행되어야 한다.