• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.275-284
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• 2000

Orthopedic medicine specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal conditions. The physical therapy speciality, Orthopedic Manipulative Therapy(OMT) is an important part of orthopedic medicine. Much of OMT is devoted to the evaluation and treatment of joint and related soft tissue disorders and one of the primary treatment methods is mobilization. When examination reveals joint dysfunction, especially decreased range of motion, joint mobilization techniques are often utilized. Soft tissue mobilization techniques are used to improve mobility and other soft tissues. The therapist should have precautions for a patient. These precautions are based on the patient's concurrent medical and surgical diagnosis. Lastly, the literature describing therapeutic interventions in patients with musculoskeletal problem is poor because the painful conditions are poorly characterized and the therapeutic interventions are poorly described; so, where Kaltenborn-Evjenth concept for patient with musculoskeletal problem were identified, the treatment concept are introduced.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.40-46
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• 2003

Background and Objectives : The vocal fold granuloma has been associated with vocal abuse, gastroesophageal reflux, endotracheal intubation and habitual throat clearing etc.. Granuloma is benign growth of hypertrophic granulation tissue. It is usually located on the posterior third of vocal fold, in one or both vocal process of the arytenoid cartilage In spite of the voice therapy, steroid therapy, anti-reflex therapy and surgical procedure. The distinct advantage and uniform success rate of each methods have not been generally shown. Authors report that localized injection of botulinum toxin type A (BOTOX$^{\circledR}$) is the promising method both as an initial treatment and as an alternative treatment in patients who do not respond to standard therapy or who are poor surgical candidates. Materials and Method : We carried out a retrospective study of 9 patients with the diagnosis of vocal fold granuloma on the videostroboscopic examination from Jan 2000 to Mar 2003. The botulinum toxin type A was injected into one or both thyroarytenoid muscle or lateral cricoarytenoid muscle under the electromyography. The average dosage ranges from 6U to 8U per injection. Results : Unilateral vocal fold granuloma in 7 patients had been resolved completely within 2-3 months after first injection : 5 patients received th\ulcorner GER medical therapy in addition to the Botulinum toxin injections, 2 patients was resolved completely who had shown recurrence after $CO_2$ laser vaporization. 2 patients who had shown recurrence after $1^st$ injection were also completely resolved within 6 months after further injections. Conclusion : We expect that localized injection of Botulinum toxin type A can provide an alternative treatment for the refractory cases to the traditional forms of therapy and avoid the recurrence in conjunction with proper medical and voice therapy against GER and vocal abuse.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.131-132
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• 1995

After studing of viewpoint of surgical disease in seven medical books related with Ju Dan Gye(朱丹溪) among four eminent physicians in the Jin and Yuan dynasties(金元四大家) I get conclsion as following. 1. Studied surgical diseases are total 40 kinds. 2. In 40 kinds surgical diseaes, case of having theory are 20 kinds, cases of having no theory and having only treatement by medicine are 20 kinds. 3. In therapy, cases that mainly use a method to eliminate pathogenic factors are 27 kinds; Acute mastitis(乳癰), Deep-seated mammary abscess(내巖), Acute appendicitis(陽癰), Bone cellulitis(附骨疽), Carbuncle of the lower abdomen near external genitalia(便毒), Leprosy(癩風), Macule(斑), Rash(疹), Urticaria(은疹), Scrofula(나역), Stagnant plegm(結核), Goiter andtumer(영유), Erysipelas(丹), Furuncle(정瘡), Scabies(疥瘡), Chancre(下疳瘡), Syphilitic skin disease(樣梅瘡), Incised wound (金瘡), Dermatopathy of lower limb and heel(脚足部瘡), Pemphigus(天疱瘡), Itching eruption due to blood-heat or wind heat(血風瘡), Dermatopathy of head(頭面瘡), Scald and burn(湯火瘡), Tetanus(破傷風) , Ecthyma(염瘡), Fistula(久漏瘡), Tinea(癬瘡), Cases that mainly use external therapy are 5 kinds; Rhagades of hand and foot(手足군裂), Vulvar ulceration(婦人陰瘡), Chilblain(凍瘡), Rabies(풍狗咬), Tinea capitis(白禿瘡), Cases that mainly use a reinforcing method are 4 kinds; Internal deep-rooted carbuncle(內疽), Pruritus and dryness of skin(皮膚乾燥), Anul fistula(漏瘡), Macule Caused by disorder of internal organ(內傷發斑), Cases that mainly use eliminating first and then reinforcing are 2 kinds; Pyogenic infection and ulcerous disease of slin( 疽瘡상癰疽瘡瘍), Lung abscess(肺癰), Case that mainly uses reinforcement and elimination in combination is only Haemorroid(痔瘡). Case divided into two groups that are reinforcing method and a method to eliminate pathogenic factor is only Trauma(打撲). Case that have no treatment by medicine is only Abscess of the scrotum(囊癰). 4. In 40 kinds surgical diseases, we can know that except a few important surgical diseases, Ju Dan Gye haven't distinguished viewpoint in many surgical diseases, because there are many cases that have no theory and have only simple treatment of medicine, and that mainly use a method to eliminate pathogenic factors and external therapy. 5. Representative theory of Ju Dan Gye, nourishing Yin and extinguishing fire(滋陰降火), has little effect on therapy of surgical disease. We need to try statistical division of internal and external remedy in the future, and by studing of surgical disase in medical books related with four eminent physicians in the Jin and Yuan dynasties, I think we can see their viewpoint of surgical disease.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.27 no.10
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• pp.858-861
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• 1994

Prosthetic valve thrombosis is rare but it is one of fatal complication after heart valve surgery. Improvements of the valve design and the material have decreased the frequency of thrombosis but have not eliminated completely. And some cases of prosthetic valve thrombosis during pregnancy were reported inspite of adequate anticoagulation therapy.Urgent surgical intervention is indicated for prosthetic valve thrombosis but it is associated with high operative risk, therefore medical thrombolytic therapy such as urokinase or streptokinase therapy is regarded as an alternative therapy. This is a case report of the successful thrombolytic therapy for valve thrombosis in a pregnant patient after mechanical mitral valve replacement.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.76-80
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• 2018

Early diagnosis followed by primary repair is the best treatment for spontaneous esophageal perforation. However, the appropriate management of esophageal leakage after surgical repair is still controversial. Recently, the successful adaptation of vacuum-assisted closure therapy, which is well established for the treatment of chronic surface wounds, has been demonstrated for esophageal perforation or leakage. Conservative treatment methods require long-term fasting with total parenteral nutrition or enteral feeding through invasive procedures, such as percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy or a feeding jejunostomy. We report 2 cases of esophageal leakage after primary repair treated by endoscopic vacuum therapy with continuous enteral feeding using a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.67 no.4
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• pp.338-344
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• 2009

In photodynamic therapy, a chemical photosensitizer is activated by light of a specific wavelength., Photodynamic therapy has been combined with bronchoscopy in patients who are ineligible for surgical resection in order to treat patients with early central lung cancer. Here, we describe 3 patients with early central lung cancer who were treated effectively using photodynamic therapy. Our experience shows that this approach is a useful modality in the therapy of these types of tumors.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.49-56
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• 1997

Purpose : To evaluate the pathologic effects of preoperative radiotherapy o the resectable distal rectal cancer, we analyzed the results of postoperative pathologic findings for the patients with preoperative radiotherapy ant surgery Materials and Methods: From July 1995 to April 1996, we treated sixteen patients of resectable rectal cancer with preoperative radiation therapy and curative surgery At diagnosis, Thomas Jefferson (TJ) system was used for the clinical stage of the Patients. We treated the patients with conventional radiation therapy of 4500~5000cGy before surgery. The surgery was carried out 4 weeks after completion of radiation therapy. Modified Astler Coller (MAC) system was used for the postoperative pathologic stage. We analyzed the pathologic stages and findings according to preoperative clinical stage and compared with those of the control group in similar clinical stages. Result : All patients were treated with sphincter preservation surgery after Preoperative radiation therapy. Pathoiogic complete response (CR) was shown in 1 case $(6.3\%)$. We compared the results between preoperative radiation therapy group (Preop.RT group) and surgery only group (control group). In TJ stage II, among nine patients of Preop.RT group, 8 patients $(88.9\%)$ were in MAC stage 8 except 1 CR patient, but among 17 patients of control group. 11 patients$(64.7\%)$ were in MAC stage B and 6 Patients $(35.3\%)$ in MAC stage C. In TJ stage III, among 7 patients of Preop.RT group, 4 patients $(57.1\%)$ were in MAC stage B and 3 patients$(42.9\%)$ in MAC stage C. Among 14 Patients of control group, 4 patients $(28.6\%)$ were in MAC stage B and 10 Patients $(71.4\%)$ in MAC stage C. Above results showed that postoperative Pathologic stage was decreased in Preop.RT group with statistical significance (P=0.049). The postoperative Pathologic findings (blood vessel invasion. Iymphatic vessel invasion, perineural invasion) were decreased in the Preop.RT group compared with those of control group. But statistical significance was found only in Iymphatic vessel invasion (p=0.019). Conclusion : The Postoperative pathologic stages and adverse Prognostic pathologic findings were decreased in preoperative radiation therapy group. The Iymphatic vessel invasion and MAC stage C findings were abruptly decreased in Preoperative radiation therapy group. The preoperative radiation therapy was found to be effective in resectable rectal cancer. The patients group in our study was very small and long term follow up was not done. Therefore, further study about this issues is needed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.225-231
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• 1997

The persistent and recurrent dysphonia after microlaryngeal surgery was noted in tweleve patients. We reviewed the results of laryngostroboscopy, psychoacoustic evaluation, aerodynamic study and acoustic analysis according to the treatment modality. The causes of persistent dysphonia were attributed to vocal cord scarring, recurrent mass lesion, residual mass lesion, persistent inflammation, and hyperfunctional voice disorder. We noticed the better vocal function in the group treated with voice therapy or surgical therapy than the group treated with voice rest and medication. Therefore, we concluded that vocal function can be improved with the use of active, multidisciplinary approach which includes voice therapy, medical treatment and selected surgical resection according to the laryngeal lesions.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.1109-1116
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to observe the effects of periodontal therapy, including nonsurgical periodontal therapy with azithromycin, surgical therapy, and maintenace therapy on the drug-induced gingival enlargement, by means of measuring gingival thickness. The test group of 18 patients with drug-induced gingival enlargement received scaling, root planing with azithromycin for 5 days, with or without surgical periodontal treatment. The control group of 18 patients who had not taken any medication, received scaling and root planing, with or without surgical periodontal treatment. Both groups received supportive periodontal therapy every 3 months for 2 years. The mean period of total treatment is 32 months in the test group and 31 months in the control group. The thickness of the buccal gingiva was measured using an ultrasonic device of $SDM^{(R)}$(Krupp Corp., Essen, Germany). The results revealed that the test $group(1.21{\pm}0.51mm)$ showed statistically thicker buccal gingiva than the control $group(1.01{\pm}0.3mm)$. In the test group, the buccal gingiva was thickest on 2nd molars and was thinnest on canines of both dental arches. In the control group, the buccal gingiva was thickest on central incisors in the maxilla and 2nd molars in the mandible, while the thinnest areas were on canines in the maxilla and 1st premolars in the mandible. It would be concluded that the periodontal treatment with azithromycin aids in decreasing the degree of the gingival enlargement but cannot prevent the recurrence completely.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.233-238
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• 2010

Purpose: As the use of soft tissue fillers becomes more popular, complications such as foreign body granuloma (FBG) are increasing. We report 120 cases of facial FBG and review the available literatures. Methods: 120 patients of facial FBG in our clinic from Mar. 2003 to Feb. 2008 were complied and analyzed. A retrospective chart review was done and patient satisfaction was evaluated with a questionnaire using 5 score scale. Patients with severe inflammation sign or bizarre deformity underwent surgical excision and those with minimal symptoms or a history of hyaluronic acid injection received injection therapy using hyaluronidase. Results: 100 females and 20 males were observed. The average age was 43.7 years (from 16 to 74). 84 patients received surgical therapy and 36, injection therapy. Deformity of facial contour, foreign body sensation and inflammation sign were the three main chief complaints. 84 patients did not know what the injection materials were. The known materials are as follows: collagen, hyaluronic acid, silicone oil, paraffin. 92 cases were performed by unlicensed practitioners, 29 by physicians. Anatomical site most frequently affected by the foreign body granuloma was the cheek (25.8%), followed by forehead (19.2%), lips (15.8%), nose (9.2%), mentum (8.3%), eyelid and eyebrow (4.3%) and temple (0.8%). In 21 patients (17.5%), FBGs were found on multiple sites. Patients with inflammation sign got the highest satisfaction ($3.19{\pm}0.73$) (p=0.001) among 3 chief complaints. And patient satisfaction was statistically higher in surgical therapy group ($3.43{\pm}0.72$) than in injection therapy group ($2.97{\pm}0.88$) (p=0.003). Conclusion: We suggest that it may be beneficial to tailor the type of treatment for FBG relying on wound state and patient's chief complaints. In surgical therapy, resolute approach is necessary to correct facial deformity definitely and to minimize inflammation. Injection therapy could be another option for those with minimal symptoms or a history of hyaluronic acid injection. To prevent foreign body granuloma, not only plastic surgeons but also other physicians should inject soft tissue fillers with great caution and we should warn the public of disastrous consequences associated with illegal medical practice.