• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.161-169
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• 2008

Recently, appearance is recognized as competitiveness as well as self expressing means, so understanding of general people have been rapidly changed. Also, since modem people have interest in an operation as well as various cosmetic treatment fields, a plastic surgery clinic is expanding its region to laser treatment and skin care for modem people. However, the plastic surgery clinic is not located in a building for only hospitals, but located in general neighborhood living facilities or an office building, so medical treatment is performed at the place. It is often found that a building plan can not conform to conditions that the hospital requires. This study is to understand a plane deciding factor of the plastic surgery clinic by analyzing it in a limit of building space and functional aspects of the plastic surgery clinic. A study method is first to investigate space composition according to the function, area allocation according to the function and a space privacy region after classifying study objects into large, middle, small scales so as to understand a functional role of the plastic surgery clinic, and secondly to analyze on the base of length of long and short edges of space and a moving line system after classifying common space types of the plastic surgery clinic through plane analysis of the study objects. As a result of the study, functional space difference according to the scale was shown, and the common space types were affected by length of the long and short edges, and it can influence space composition.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.335-342
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• 2012

3D point cloud is widely used in Architecture, Civil Engineering, Medical, Computer Graphics, and many other fields. Due to the improvement of 3D laser scanner, a massive 3D point cloud whose gigantic file size is bigger than computer's memory requires efficient preprocessing and visualization. We suggest a data structure to solve the problem; a 3D point cloud is gradually subdivided by arbitrary-sized cube grids structure and corresponding point cloud subsets generated by the center of each grid cell are achieved while preprocessing. A massive 3D point cloud file is tested through two algorithms: QSplat and ours. Our algorithm, grid-based, showed slower speed in preprocessing but performed faster rendering speed comparing to QSplat. Also our algorithm is further designed to editing or segmentation using the original coordinates of 3D point cloud.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.911-920
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• 2006

[ $CD8^+$ ] T Iymphocytes with the cytotoxic activity and capability to release various cytokines are the major players in immune responses against viral infection and cancer. To identify the proteins specific to resting or activated human CD8$^+$ T cells, human CD8$^+$ T cells were activated with anti-CD3+anti-CD28 mAb in the presence of IL-2. The solubilized proteins from resting and activated human CD8$^+$ T cells were separated by high-resolution two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and their proteomes were analyzed. Proteomic analysis of resting and activated T cells resulted in identification of 35 proteins with the altered expression. Mass spectrometry coupled with Profound and SWISS-PROT database analysis revealed that these identified proteins are to be functionally associated with cell proliferation, metabolic pathways, antigen presentation, and intracellular signal transduction pathways. We also identified six unknown proteins predicted from genomic DNA sequences specific to resting or activated CD8$^+$ T cells. Protein network studies and functional characterization of these novel proteins may provide new insight into the signaling transduction pathway of CD8$^+$ T cell activation.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1995 no.11
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• pp.34-38
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• 1995

Using a 3-D finite element method (FEM), the biomechanical characteristics of a threaded truncated acetabular component and a porous coated hemispherical acetabular component were studied. The Von-Mises stress/strain patterns in the acetabulum reconstructed with these two different types of cementless acetabular cups were investigated. The geometry and dimensions of human hemi-pelvis used in the present shape modeling for finite element analysis were scanned with a 3-D laser scanner(TDS-9000, Cyberware, USA). The scanned data was numerically handled with a shape modelling software 'Pro-Engineer'. Using 19836, 16853 tetrahedral elements, respectively, the stress and displacement field of the acetabulum reconstructed with the two different types of the acetabular components were computed. While the hemi-sphere component was found to show a relatively similar stress/strain patterns to those in the normal hip, the results with the threaded cup showed a considerably different patterns from those in the normal condition. Several regions in cancellous bone near the threads and the edge of the truncated cup was found to be overstressed, especially in the superior-lateral part of the acetabulum. It was postulated that the excessive reaming-out of subchondral bone layer when the truncated cup was used can cause the presence of these overstressed regions of cancellous bone. This theoretical prediction for the implanted acetabulum appeared to consistent with the pathological observation of proximal/medial migration of the threaded truncated acetabular prostheses in the previous publications.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.1096-1101
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• 2004

The 3-D shape use to effect of movie, animation, industrial design, medical treatment service, education, engineering etc.... But it's not easy to make 3-D shape from the information of 2-D image. There are two methods in restoring 3-D video image through 2-D image; First the method of using a laser; Secondly the method of acquiring 3-D image through stereo vision. Instead of doing two methods with many difficulties, I figure out the method of simple 3-D image in this research paper. We present here a simple and efficient method, called direct calibration, which doesn't require any equations at all. The direct calibration procedure builds a lookup table(LUT) linking image and 3-D coordinates by a real 3-D triangulation system. The LUT is built by measuring the image coordinates of a grid of known 3-D points, and recording both image and world coordinates for each point; the depth values of all other visible points are obtained by interpolation.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.256-262
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• 2015

Background: Heart attack is the most common cause of line-of-duty death in the fire service. Daily aspirin therapy is a preventative measure used to reduce the morbidity of heart attacks but may decrease the ability to dissipate heat by reducing skin blood flow. Methods: In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study, firefighters were randomized to receive 14 days of therapy (81-mg aspirin or placebo) before performing treadmill exercise in thermal-protective clothing in a hot room [$38.8{\pm}2.1^{\circ}C$, $24.9{\pm}9.1%$ relative humidity (RH)]. Three weeks without therapy was provided before crossing to the other arm. Firefighters completed a baseline skin blood-flow assessment via laser Doppler flowmetry; skin was heated to $44^{\circ}C$ to achieve maximal cutaneous vasodilation. Skin blood flow was measured before and after exercise in a hot room, and at 0 minutes, 10 minutes, 20 minutes, and 30 minutes of recovery under temperature conditions ($25.3{\pm}1.2^{\circ}C$, $40.3{\pm}13.7%\;RH$). Platelet clotting time was assessed before drug administration, and before and after exercise. Results: Fifteen firefighters completed the study. Aspirin increased clotting time before and after exercise compared with placebo (p = 0.003). There were no differences in absolute skin blood flow between groups (p = 0.35). Following exercise, cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) was $85{\pm}42%$ of maximum in the aspirin and $76{\pm}37%$ in the placebo groups. The percentage of maximal CVC did not differ by treatment before or after recovery. Neither maximal core body temperature nor heart rate responses to exercise differed between trials. Conclusion: There were no differences in skin blood flow during uncompensable heat stress following exercise after aspirin or placebo therapy.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.367-372
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• 2013

Effects of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) on cellular protein expression are essential for viral pathogenesis. To characterize the cellular response to EBV infection, differential proteomes of gastric epithelial AGS cells were analyzed with two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) followed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) and liquid chromatography electrospray/ionization ion trap (LC-ESI-IT) mass spectrometry identification. Mass spectrometry identified 9 altered cellular proteins, including 5 up-regulated and 4 down-regulated proteins after EBV infection. Notably 2-DE analysis revealed that EBV infection induced increased expression of heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein, actin cytoplasmic 1, pyridoxine-5'-phosphate oxidase, caspase 9, and t-complex protein 1 subunit alpha. In addition, EBV infection considerably suppressed those cellular proteins of zinc finger protein 2, cyclin-dependent kinase 2, macrophage-capping protein, and growth/differentiation factor 11. Furthermore, the differential expressional levels of partial proteins (cyclin-dependent kinase 2 and caspase 9) were confirmed by Western blot analysis.Thus, this work effectively provided useful protein-related information to facilitate further investigation of the mechanisms underlying EBV infection and pathogenesis.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.105-109
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• 1995

Pulmonary involvement of salmonella infection is very rare and only one case of salmonella empyema had been reported in Korea. A 53-year-old woman presented to Kyung Hee Medical Center with 2-months history of left chest pain and mild fever. 3 months prior to admission, the patient was taken to laparoscopic laser cholecystectomy due to gall stone in other hospital. Chest X-ray taken on admission day showed pneumonic infiltration at left lower lung field with pleural effusion. Salmonella Group B was identified from the cultures of stool, blood, and pleural fluid. After consecutive therapy with two weeks of ceftriaxone and three weeks of ciprofloxacin combined with repeated pleural aspirations, the patient was recovered and discharged. But she was readmitted two months later due to fever and generalized malaise. The result of blood culture showed growth of Salminella Group B. The excisional biopsy of right supraclavicular lymph node disclosed necrotizing lymphadenitis. She was recovered clinically and no more bacteremia occurred after two weeks of ciprofloxacin therapy. We present very rare case of empyema due to salmonella infection and review the pertinent literature.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.238-244
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• 2010

Spatial and temporal distribution of Bacillus licheniformis N1 was investigated over time on the leaves, petioles and crowns of the strawberry plants. Bacterial population on the strawberry plants was quantified over time by selective plating. Bacterial population of N1 containing a plasmid pWH43G carrying green fluorescent protein (GFP) declined relatively faster on the plant surface as compared to the Strain N1 itself. However, this result was found to be enough to utilize the strain to visualize bacterial colonization on the plant surface. When B. licheniformis N1 was treated together with Silwet L-77 at 0.03%, the bacterial population on plant surface persisted for up to 7 days. B. licheniformis N1 (pWH43G) containing Silwet L-77 was applied on the strawberry plants and the GFP expressing bacteria were visualized by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Bacterial persistence was also investigated in a growth chamber and in a plastic house after N1 bioformulation treatment on the strawberry plant. The Strain N1 colonized three different tissues well and persisted over 3 to 5 days on the strawberry plants. They formed bacterial aggregates on plant surfaces for at least 3 days, resulting in a biofilm to resist fluctuating plant surface environment. However, the bacterial persistence dramatically declined after 7 days in all tested tissues in a plastic house. This study suggest that B. licheniformis N1 colonizes the strawberry plant surface and persists for a long time in a controlled growth chamber, while it can not persist over 7 days on the plant surface in a plastic house.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.489-497
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• 1994

The most serious problems related to the cardiovascular prothesis are thrombosis and hemolysis. It is known that the flow pattern of cardiovascular prostheses is highly correlated with thrombosis and hemolysis. Laser Doppler Anemometry (LDA) is a usual method to get flow pattern, which is difficult to operate and has narrow measure region. Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) can solve these problems. Because the flow speed of valve is too high to catch particles by CCD camera, high-speed camera (Hyspeed : Holland-Photonics) was used. The estimated maximum flow speed was 5m/sec and maximum trackable length is 0.5 cm, so the shutter speed was determined as 1000 frames per sec. Several image processing techniques (blurring, segmentation, morphology, etc) were used for the preprocessing. Particle tracking algorithm and 2-D interpolation technique which were necessary in making gridrized velocity pronto, were applied to this PIV program. By using Single-Pulse Multi-Frame particle tracking algorithm, some problems of PIV can be solved. To eliminate particles which penetrate the sheeted plane and to determine the direction of particle paths are these solving methods. 1-D relaxation fomula is modified to interpolate 2-D field. Parachute artificial heart valve which was developed by Seoul National University and Bjork-Shiely valve was testified. For each valve, different flow pattern, velocity profile, wall shear stress and mean velocity were obtained.