• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.749-753
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• 2002

The effects of green tea powder (GTP) on the rheological properties of dough and gelatinization characteristics were evaluated by farinograph, extensograph, amylograph and DSC. The flours used were high strength flour (HF: 12.5% protein) and blend of 50% high strength flour and 50% low strength flour (HLF: 10.5% protein). As the amount of GTP increased, water absorption, development time and weakness of the dough decreased for both flours, but dough stability increased only for HLF; the extension of the dough decreased but the resistance to extension increased. The pasting temperature increased and maximum viscosity decreased. On the other hand, with the addition of green tea extract to the wheat starch, transition onset temperature, transition peak temper-ature and enthalpy decreased, demonstrating that catechins in green tea facilitate the starch crystal melting.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.139-147
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• 1997

Argon laser used in this case report, is special in having two wavelength of 488, 514nm blue-green visible light spectrum. Blue light is used for composite resin polymerization and caries detection. Green light is used for soft tissue surgery and coagulation. Maximum absorption of this laser light occurs in red pigmentation such as hemoglobin. The argon laser may be well-suited for selective destruction of blood clots and hemangioma with minimal damage to adjacent tissues. Argon laser light penetrates tissue to the 1 mm depth, so its thermal intensity is lower than $CO_2$ laser light. Also, due to its short wavelength it can be focused in a small spot and even single gene can be excised by this laser and microscopy. After applicating argon laser to 4 patient for surgical procedure and to 1 patient for curing the composite resin, following results were obtained. 1. Improved visibility were gained due to hemostasis and no specific technique were needed according to easy recontouring of the tissue. 2. Ability to use by contact mode, tactile sense was superior but tissue dragability and accumulation of tissue on the tip needed sweeping motion. 3. Additive local anesthetic procedure was needed. 4. No suture and less curing time reduced chair time, this made argon laser available in pediatric dentistry.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.126-136
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• 1997

6H-SiC UV photodiodes with $p^+$/n/n mesa structure were fabricated. The photocurrents of the photodiodes were measured in the wavelength range of 200~600 nm. The photocurrents were sensitive to ultraviolet radiation of 200~500 nm, and come to the maximum value at 260 nm. The quantum efficiency was calculated by using the diffusion model of minority carriers, and compared with the distribution of the photocurrent measured as a function of wavelength each other. The photocurrents of the 6H-SiC photodiode were explained by the diffusion model of the minority carriers which contained the optical absorption of the depletion region as well as the other layers.

• Composites Research
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.18-23
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• 2002

The absorption and the interference shielding of the problems thor both commercial and military purposes. In this study, the minimization of the electromagnetic wale reflections using composite layers with different dielectric properties was performed. Dielectric constants were measured for glass/epoxy composites containing conductive carbon blacks and carbon/epoxy fabric composites. Using the measured permittivities of the composites having various carbon black contents, the optimal electromagnetic wave absorbing structure in X-band(8.2GHz-12.4GHz) was determined. The optimal multi-layered composite plates have the thickness of 2.6mm. The maximum reflection loss is -30dB at 10GHz, and the bandwidth haying the absorptivity lower than -l0dB is about 2GHz.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.1-9
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• 2004

In recent, development of nano fiber has been one of the most active subjects in the world. Nano fiber is defined as a ultra fine yarn with a diameter unit of $10-100\times10^{-9}meter$, which is possible to be produced by an electro-spinning technology. In this study, physical characteristics and dyeing properties of nylon 66 nano fiber were investigated. Nylon 66 nano fiber was dyed with levelling type acid dyes. X-ray diffraction method and DSC analysis were used for the measurement of the degree of crystallization. Analysis of amino end groups was also performed in order to examine a relationship between number of amino groups and its dyeing property as well as water absorption behavior. The maximum exhaustion % of dyes and dyeing rate under various dyeing conditions, such as dyeing temperature and pH in dye bath, along with build-up properties for 2 acid dyes were evaluated. It was found that the degree of crystallization of nano fiber was smaller than that of regular fiber, and amino end groups of nano fiber were less than regular fiber. Half dyeing time of nano fiber was shorter than regular fiber because of the bigger specific surface area. Effect of pH on exhaustion % was small in case of nano fiber. Exhaustion of nano fiber increased with higher concentration of dye.

• Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.89-93
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• 2019

In this study, the stability of the extracted natural pigments against light, temperature, pH, metal ions, and antimicrobial activity were evaluated in marine bacteria Zooshikella sp. 17TA. The pigment of the strain used in the study was red with maximum absorption at a wavelength of 541 nm. The stability of the pigment was evaluated by measuring the absorbance while preserving for 15 days and examining the retention rate. After 15 days of irradiation, the pigment of this bacterium showed 98% retention in the dark and 91% retention in the temperature range of -20℃ ~ 30℃. When the pH was in the range 4-7, the retention was about 80%, and the retention rate was higher than 85% for all kinds of metal ions except for CuCl₂, ZnCl₂, and KCl. The bacterial pigments showed high stability under the given irradiated pH, temperature, and metal ion conditions and had shown activity against gram-positive strains. These results suggest that this highly conserved microbial pigment can be applied to the food industry.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.94-101
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• 2012

The performance data for eight years from a free-surface-flow constructed wetland system receiving agricultural tailwater were used to analyze denitrification rate and nitrogen treatment characteristics according to season and wetland design. Seasonal difference between growing season (March~November) and winter season (December~February) was shown in the concentration of all nitrogen species. Seasonal nitrogen treatment has similar trend with temperature and measured denitrification rate. The highest denitrification rate was measured in July, but treatment efficiency was most higher in May and June. Nitrogen absorption of vegetation could affect to these wetland performances, therefore dense population of wetland vegetation might be helpful. According to design of wetland, at least 25~50 m of wetland length was needed to decrease effluent T-N concentration to background concentration in growing season. In winter season, wetland needed much longer distance to reduce T-N concentration. Mass removal rate was continuously high through whole year because runoff coefficient was low in winter season. Applicability of constructed wetland was observed for the total maximum daily load that control T-N load.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.42-49
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• 1997

In order to study the dyeability of reactive dyes fixable at neutral pH, three reactive dyes(DYE-NC, DYE-PC, and DYE-LC) were prepared by the reaction of Cibacron Brilliant Red 3B-A with nicotinic acid, pyridine, and lutidine, respectively. FT-IR and UV/Vis spectrophometry were used to identify the dyes prepared. While the maximum absorption wavelength (&{\lambda}_{max}&) of Cibacron Brilliant Red 3B-A was 515nm, the &{\lambda}_{max}& of DYE-NC, DYE-PC, and DYE-LC were 522nm, 525nm, and 536nm, respectively. The &{\lambda}_{max}& was shifted to the longer wavelength by introducing the electron donating groups to the pyridine ring of Cibacron Brilliant Red 3B-A. All of the reactive dyes synthesized showed good exhaustion and fixation property to cotton fabric at higher temperature and neutral pH condition. It was regarded that the quaternary pyridinium ion functionated as the leaving group instead of the chloride ion. Among them, DYE-NC showed the best dyeability at the above condition. It was considered that the electron withdrawing carboxylic acid group in nicotinic acid enhanced the cationic property of nitrogn in pyridine ring, resulting the good reactivity with OH group in cellulose.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.331-334
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• 2008

The objectives of this study were to formulate oral paclitaxel microemulsion and to compare the bioavailability of paclitaxel in the microemulsion formulation from the commercially available $Taxol^{(R)}$ formulation. Paclitaxel microemulsion was formulated with much less amount of Cremophor $EL^{TM}$ as compared with $Taxol^{(R)}$ to reduce severe adverse reactions produced by Cremophor $EL^{TM}$. The area under the plasma concentration-time curve from 0 hr to 24 hr ($AUC_{0-24}$), maximum plasma concentration ($C_{max}$), and relative bioavailability of palcitaxel microemulsion were increased as compared with $Taxol^{(R)}$ after oral administration. The time required to reach $C_{max}\;(T_{max})$ of palcitaxel microemulsion was significantly shorter than $Taxol^{(R)}$ following oral administration. These results suggest the faster intestinal absorption and the enhanced oral bioavailability of paclitaxel in the microemulsion formulation.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.363-368
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• 2015

The pharmacokinetics of florfenicol were studied in healthy and vibriosis-infected large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea) following administration of a single oral dose of $20mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ at $25{\pm}2^{\circ}C$. After oral administration, florfenicol levels in tissues (liver, kidney, muscle, serum, and skin) were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography. A two-compartment open model was used to describe the pharmacokinetics of florfenicol following oral administration. Compared to the healthy group, the absorption rate of vibriosis-infected fish significantly decreased, peak-time ($T_{max}$) delayed, maximum concentration ($C_{max}$) declined, total body clearance decreased, the elimination half-life ($T_{1/2{\beta}}$) was extended, and the area under the curve increased. These results indicate that a $20mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ oral dose of florfenicol administered once daily continuously for 4 or 5 days can be used for the treatment of Vibrio alginolyticus infection in large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea).