• 응용통계연구
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.331-339
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• 2012

Statistical matching is a methodology used to merge microdata from two (or more) files into a single matched file, the variants of which have been extensively studied. Among existing studies, we focused on Moriarity and Scheuren's (2001) method, which is a representative method of statistical matching for continuous data. We examined this method and proposed a revision to it by using a robust approach in the regression step of the procedure. We evaluated the efficiency of our revised method through simulation studies using both simulated and real data, which showed that the proposed method has distinct advantages over existing alternatives.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.267-275
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• 2022

Background: Various instrument kinematics used in single-visit endodontics influence the occurrence of pain after endodontic therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of pain after mechanical instrumentation with Hyflex EDM (HEDM) and WaveOne Gold (WOG) during single-visit endodontic therapy. Methods: Sixty patients diagnosed with asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis and normal apical tissues in mandibular premolar teeth were included in the study for single-visit root canal therapy. The patients were divided into two groups (n = 30) according to the rotary instrument used during root canal preparation (group A [HEDM] and group B [WOG]). Pain was evaluated after endodontic therapy at 8, 24, and 48 h intervals using the visual analog scale (VAS). Data obtained were analyzed using the chi-square test, independent t-test, MannWhitney U test, and Wilcoxon matched-pairs test. Results: Statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups (P < 0.001) at 8, 24, and 48 h, with WOG exhibiting less pain than HEDM files. Conclusion: Postoperative pain was lower in the WOG file system than in the HEDM file system after single-visit root canal therapy at 8, 24, and 48 h.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.173-181
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• 2006

Pattern finding is one of the important tasks in a protein or DNA sequence analysis. Alignment is the widely used technique for finding patterns in sequence analysis. BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool) is one of the most popularly used tools in bio-informatics to explore available DNA or protein sequence databases. BLAST may generate a huge output for a large sequence data that contains various sequence patterns. However, BLAST does not provide a tool to summarize and analyze the patterns or matched alignments in the BLAST output file. BLAST lacks of general and robust parsing tools to extract the essential information out from its output. This paper presents a pattern summary system which is a powerful and comprehensive tool for discovering pattern structures in huge amount of sequence data in the BLAST. The pattern summary system can identify clusters of patterns, extract the cluster pattern sequences from the subject database of BLAST, and display the clusters graphically to show the distribution of clusters in the subject database.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.270-275
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• 2007

모션 캡처 기술은 현실감 있는 캐릭터 동작을 얻기 위해 많이 사용되고 있지만, 모션 캡처 데이터의 상이한 포맷들로 인하여 효율적인 모션 데이터의 저장과 검색이 어려운 문제점을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 상이한 형식의 모션 캡처 데이터를 통합하고 효과적으로 저장 및 검객하기 위한 프레임워크를 제안한다. 상이한 모션 캡처 데이터 포맷들을 통합하기 위한 XML 기반의 표준 포맷을 MCML(Motion Capture Markup Language)로 정의하고 있으며 서로 다른 포맷의 모션 캡처 데이터 파일을 하나의 단일화된 MCML 파일로 변환하여 관계형 데이터베이스 또는 XML 데이베이스에 저장함으로써 동일 데이터의 중복 저장 및 공유 문제를 해결한다. 모션캡처 데이터의 검색은 퍼지 문자열 검색(Fuzzy string searching) 기법에 의한 유사어 검색으로 특정 키워드를 포함하는 MCML 문서들을 찾거나 특정 위치의 시작 프레임에서 일련의 프레임들을 선택적으로 추출할 수 있는 모션클립(motion clips) 검색이 가능하도록 하였다.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.191-198
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• 2022

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the composition of the crystal phases of various calcium silicate-based materials (CSMs): ProRoot white MTA^Ⓡ (mineral trioxide aggregate) (WMTA), Ortho MTA^Ⓡ (OM), Endocem MTA^Ⓡ (EM), Retro MTA^Ⓡ (RM), Endocem Zr^Ⓡ (EN-Z), Biodentine^TM (BD), EZ-seal^TM (EZ), and OrthoMTA III (OM3). Methods: In a sample holder, 5 g of the powder sample was placed and the top surface of the material was packed flat using a sterilized glass slide. The prepared slides were mounted on an X-ray diffraction (XRD) instrument (D8 Advance; Bruker AXS GmbH, Germany). The X-ray beam 2θ angle range was set at 10~90° and scanned at 1.2° per minute. The Cu X-ray source set to operate at 40 kV and 40 mA in the continuous mode. The peaks in the diffraction pattern of each sample were analyzed using the software Diffrac (version 2.1). Then, the peaks were compared and matched with those of standard materials in the corresponding Powder Diffraction File (PDF-2, JCPDS International Center for Diffraction Data). A powder samples of the materials were analyzed using XRD and the peaks in diffraction pattern were compared to the Powder Diffraction File data. Results: Eight CSMs showed a similar diffraction pattern because their main component was calcium silicate. Eight CSMs showed similar diffraction peaks because calcium silicate was their main component. Two components were observed to have been added as radiopacifiers: bismuth oxide was detected in WMTA, OM, and EM while zirconium oxide was detected in RM, EN-Z, BD, EZ, and OM3. Unusual patterns were detected for the new material, OM3, which had strong peaks at low angles. Conclusion: It was caused by the presence of Brushite, which is believed to have resulted in crystal growth in a particular direction for a specific purpose.

• Annals of Laboratory Medicine
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.512-517
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• 2018

Background: Complete blood count (CBC) results play an important role in peripheral blood smear (PBS) examinations. Many descriptions in PBS reports may simply be translated from CBC parameters. We developed a computer program that automatically generates a PBS draft report based on CBC parameters and age- and sex-matched reference ranges. Methods: The Java programming language was used to develop a computer program that supports a graphical user interface. Four hematology analyzers from three different laboratories were tested: Sysmex XE-5000 (Sysmex, Kobe, Japan), Sysmex XN-9000 (Sysmex), DxH800 (Beckman Coulter, Brea, CA, USA), and ADVIA 2120i (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics, Eschborn, Germany). Input data files containing 862 CBC results were generated from hematology analyzers, middlewares, or laboratory information systems. The draft reports were compared with the content of input data files. Results: We developed a computer program that reads CBC results from a data file and automatically writes a draft PBS report. Age- and sex-matched reference ranges can be automatically applied. After examining PBS, users can modify the draft report based on microscopic findings. Recommendations such as suggestions for further evaluations are also provided based on morphological findings, and they can be modified by users. The program was compatible with all four hematology analyzers tested. Conclusions: Our program is expected to reduce the time required to manually incorporate CBC results into PBS reports. Systematic inclusion of CBC results could help improve the reliability and sensitivity of PBS examinations.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제7권7호
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• pp.1657-1670
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• 2013

The increase in the number of music files in smart phone and MP3 player makes it difficult to find the music files which people want. So, Query-by-Singing/Humming (QbSH) systems have been developed to retrieve music from a user's humming or singing without having to know detailed information about the title or singer of song. Most previous researches on QbSH have been conducted using musical instrument digital interface (MIDI) files as reference songs. However, the production of MIDI files is a time-consuming process. In addition, more and more music files are newly published with the development of music market. Consequently, the method of using the more common MPEG-1 audio layer 3 (MP3) files for reference songs is considered as an alternative. However, there is little previous research on QbSH with MP3 files because an MP3 file has a different waveform due to background music and multiple (polyphonic) melodies compared to the humming/singing query. To overcome these problems, we propose a new QbSH method using MP3 files on mobile device. This research is novel in four ways. First, this is the first research on QbSH using MP3 files as reference songs. Second, the start and end positions on the MP3 file to be matched are estimated by using multi-layered perceptron (MLP) prior to performing the matching with humming/singing query file. Third, for more accurate results, four MLPs are used, which produce the start and end positions for dynamic time warping (DTW) matching algorithm, and those for chroma-based DTW algorithm, respectively. Fourth, two matching scores by the DTW and chroma-based DTW algorithms are combined by using PRODUCT rule, through which a higher matching accuracy is obtained. Experimental results with AFA MP3 database show that the accuracy (Top 1 accuracy of 98%, with an MRR of 0.989) of the proposed method is much higher than that of other methods. We also showed the effectiveness of the proposed system on consumer mobile device.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.447-454
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• 2019

In order to improve and supplement the shielding method for electron beam treatment, we designed a patient-specific shielding method using a 3D printer, and evaluated the usefulness by comparing and analyzing the distribution of electron beam doses to adjacent organs. In order to treat 5 cm sized superficial tumors around the lens, a CT Simulator was used to scan the Alderson Rando phantom and the DICOM file was converted into an STL file. The converted STL file was used to design a patient-specific shield and mold that matched the body surface contour of the treatment site. The thickness of the shield was 1 cm and 1.5 cm, and the mold was printed using a 3D printer, and the patient customized shielding block (PCSB) was fabricated with a cerrobend alloy with a thickness of 1 cm and 1.5 cm. The dosimetry was performed by attaching an EBT3 film on the surface of the Alderson Rando phantom eyelid and measuring the dose of 6, 9, and 12 MeV electron beams on the film using four shielding methods. Shielding rates were 83.89%, 87.14%, 87.39% at 6, 9, and 12 MeV without shielding, 1 cm (92.04%, 87.48%, 86.49%), 1.5 cm (91.13%, 91.88% with PSCB), 92.66%) The shielding rate was measured as 1 cm (90.7%, 92.23%, 88.08%) and 1.5 cm (88.31%, 90.66%, 91.81%) when the shielding block and the patient-specific shield were used together. PCSB fabrication improves shielding efficiency over conventional shielding methods. Therefore, PSCB may be useful for clinical application.

• International Journal of CAD/CAM
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.33-45
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• 2004

In this work, a rational procedure has been formulated for the selection of points approximating slice contours cut in LOM (Laminated Object manufacturing) with first order approximation. It is suggested that the number of points representing a slice contour can be 'minimised' or 'optmised' by equating the horizontal chordal deviation (HCD) to the user-defined surface form tolerance. It has been shown that such optimization leads to substantial reduction in slice height calculations and NC codes file size for cutting out the slices. Due to optimization, the number of contour points varies from layer to layer, so that points on successive layer contours have to be matched by four sided ruled surface patches and triangular patches. The technological problems associated with the cutting out of triangular patches have been addressed. A robust algorithm has been developed for the determination of slice height for optimum and arbitrary numbers of contour points with different strategies for error calculations. It has been shown that optimisation may even lead to detection and appropriate representation of elusive surface features. An index of optimisation has been defined and calculations of the same have been tabulated.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제23권9A호
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• pp.2141-2152
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• 1998

본 논문에서는 ISM 밴드 규정에의한 미약 전파를 사용하여 신뢰성 있는 데이터 전송을 할 수 있는 실내용 무선 모뎀을 설계하고 구현하였다. 동기식 BPSK 및 QPSK 변복조 방식에 의한 DS-SS(직접시퀀스대역확산) 신호 방식과 길쌍 부호 및 비터비 복호 방식을 사용하였다. RF 링크는 900 MHz 대역에서 FDD(Frequency Devision D Duplexing) 방식에 의한 변복조를 하였고 디지털 신호처리 회로는 ASIC화가 가능하도록 FPGA로 구현하였다. 자체 설계한 디지털 정합 필터와 결정 로직(decision logic)으로 구성된 새로운 구조의 동기 포착 및 추적 회로의 성능을 실험을 통해 확인하였으며, 이 모뎀을 PC의 RS-232C 포트에 접속한 전체 시스템을 실내 환경에서 운영하여 파일 전송이 가능함을 확인하였다.