• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.864-878
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• 2006

목적 : 인삼은 다양한 생물학적 작용이 있다. 그 중 항염증작용과 관련하여 염증성 사이토카인 분비 및 저산소 유도인자-1${\alpha}$ 활성화 조절 효과를 살펴보고자 한다. 방법 : phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)+A23187에 유도된 세포에서 염증성 cytokines 분비의 변화와 인간의 mast cell인 HMC-1 cells에서 hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1)${\alpha}$의 작용을 관찰하였다. 결과 : PMA+A23187은 대조군과 비교해서 interleukin $(IL)-1{\beta}$, IL-6와 tumor necrosis factor $(TNF)-{\alpha}$의 분비를 증가시킨다. 또한 증가된 cytokines IL-1, IL-6, $TNF-{\alpha}$가 인삼의 처리에 의해 두드러지게 억제하는 것을 확인하였다. 인삼(5 ${\mu}g/ml$)은 $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6, $TNF-{\alpha}$의 분비를 약 105.1${\pm}$9.7%, 95${\pm}$9.4%, 29.7${\pm}$4.5%,(P<0.05)로 최대로 억제하였고, PMA+A23187에 유도된 vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)와 granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF)의 분비를 41.3%와 75.7%로 각각 억제하였다. 그리고 저자는 인삼이 PMA+A23187로 유도된 HIF-1${\alpha}$ 발현과 HIF-1에 대해 DNA binding activity를 억제하고 있음을 관찰하였다. 결론 : 인삼이 HIF-1에서 염증반응을 억제함을 나타내고, 이는 인삼이 염증성 질환을 치료하는데 유익한 효과가 있음을 의미한다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.442-451
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 미야베 에탄올 추출물의 항염증 활성을 확인하기 위해 LPS로 활성화된 RAW 264.7 세포와 croton-oil로 유도된 귀부종 동물 모델을 이용하였다. 그 결과, SMYEE 50 및 $100{\mu}g/ml$ 농도처리 시, LPS로 유도된 염증반응에서 $NF-{\kappa}B$ 활성 억제와 더불어 MAPKs의 인산화를 효과적으로 억제함을 보였다. LPS에 의해 증가된 NO와 전염증성 사이토카인의 분비량도 농도 의존적으로 감소하였다. 또한 SMYEE는 croton oil로 부종을 유발한 마우스모델에서 귀부종 억제효과를 나타내었고, 조직의 진피 두께 및 mast cell의 수가 현저히 감소하였음을 확인하였다. 이를 통해 SMYEE는 염증 반응의 전사인자인 $NF-{\kappa}B$ 및 MAPKs의 활성을 조절함으로써 iNOS와 COX-2의 발현 및 전염증성 매개인자인 NO, IL-6, $TNF-{\alpha}$ 및 $IL-1{\beta}$의 분비를 억제하여 항염증 활성을 가지는 것을 확인하였다. 현재까지 미야베 모자반내의 항염증 효능 물질에 관한 연구는 보고되지 않고 있으며 향후 실험을 통해 미야베 모자반 에탄올 추출물로부터 항염증 효과를 가지는 유효성분을 밝히기 위한 분리 연구를 진행할 예정이다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.134-143
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• 2017

Background: The prevalence of allergic inflammatory diseases such as atopic dermatitis (AD), asthma, and allergic rhinitis worldwide has increased and complete recovery is difficult. Korean Red Ginseng, which is the heat-processed root of Panax ginseng Meyer, is widely and frequently used as a traditional medicine in East Asia. In this study, we investigated whether Korean Red Ginseng water extract (RGE) regulates the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines via the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs)/nuclear factor kappa B ($NF-{\kappa}B$) pathway in allergic inflammation. Methods: Compound 48/80-induced anaphylactic shock and 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNFB)-induced AD-like skin lesion mice models were used to investigate the antiallergic effects of RGE. Human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) and human mast cells (HMC-1) were also used to clarify the effects of RGE on the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Results: Anaphylactic shock and DNFB-induced AD-like skin lesions were attenuated by RGE administration through reduction of serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) and interleukin (IL)-6 levels in mouse models. RGE also reduced the production of proinflammatory cytokines including $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6, and IL-8, and expression of chemokines such as IL-8, thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC), and macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC) in HaCaT cells. Additionally, RGE decreased the release of tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ ($TNF-{\alpha}$), $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6, and IL-8 as well as expressions of chemokines including macro-phage inflammatory protein $(MIP)-1{\alpha}$, $MIP-1{\beta}$, regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, and IL-8 in HMC-1 cells. Furthermore, our data demonstrated that these inhibitory effects occurred through blockage of the MAPK and $NF-{\kappa}B$ pathway. Conclusion: RGE may be a useful therapeutic agent for the treatment of allergic inflammatory diseases such as AD-like dermatitis.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.82-93
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• 2008

Objective: Previously, the methanol extracts of the semen of Xanthium strumsrium could involved anti-inflammatory effects in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated Raw 264,7 cells, We evaluated the anti-allergic effects of X. strumarium on rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells, Methodes : To investigate the effect of X. strumarium on the phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and calcium ionophore A23187-induced RBL-2H3 cells. The effects of X. strumarium on the degranulation and the pro-inflammatory cytokines secretion and expression from RBL-2H3 cells were evaluated with $\beta$-hexosaminidase assay, ELISA, and RT-PCR analysis, In addition, we examined the effects of X. strumarium on nuclear factor (NF)-${\kappa}B$ activation and $I{\kappa}B-\alpha$ degradation using Western blot analysis. Results : X. strumarium inhibited degranulation and secretions and expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha ($TNF-\alpha$), interleukin (IL)-4 and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, on stimulated RBL-2H3 cells, however, X. strumarium not affect cell viability. In stimulated RBL-2H3 cells, the protein expression level of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-${\kappa}B$) was decreased in the nucleus by X. strumarium. In addition, X. strumarium suppressed the degradation of inhibitory protein $I{\kappa}B-{\alpha}$ protein in RBL-2H3 cells. Conclusion : These results suggest that X. strumarium inhibits the degranulation and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines through blockade of NF-${\kappa}B$ activation and I $I{\kappa}B-{\alpha}$ degradation.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.1572-1578
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• 2008

In previous report, Seungmagalgeun-tang (SGT) could exert its anti-inflammatory actions in the BV-2 microglial cells. However, study on the anti-inflammatory effect of SGT in mast cells has not been identified. Therefore, we examined on the anti-inflammatory effect of SGT on the phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and calcium ionophore A23187-induced rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells. SGT inhibited the release of ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase and secretion and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$ and interleukin (IL)-4 on RBL-2H3 cells, without affecting cell viability. The protein expression level of nuclear factor (NF)-${\kappa}B$ (p65) was decreased in the nucleus by SGT. In addition, SGT suppressed the degradation of inhibitory protein $I{\kappa}B-{\alpha}$ protein, the activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and the expressions of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 mRNA and protein level in RBL-2H3 cells. These results suggest that SGT could be involved anti-allergic effect by control of NF-${\kappa}B$ (p65) translocation into the nucleus through inhibition of $I{\kappa}B-{\alpha}$ degradation and suppression of COX-2 expression.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.31-48
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• 2004

Objective : KagamJwagwiEum(KJE) has been used for the purpose of prevention and treatment of bronchial asthma and allergic asthma in Korea. To investigate the biological effect of KJE, the author examined cytotoxicity and inflammatory cytokines secretion with human leukemic mast cell line, HMC-1. Methods: HMC-1 was stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate(PMA) and calcium ionophore A23187. KJE by itself had no effect on viability of HMC-l. The effects of KJE on the secretion of tumor necrosis $factor-alpha(TNF-{\alpha})$, interleukin(IL)-6 and IL-8 from HMC-1 were evaluated with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results : KJE inhibited PMA plus A23187-induced $TNF-{\alpha}$ and IL-6 secretion. But KJE had no effect IL-8 secretion: KJE had immunoregulatory effects on cytokines, increased secretion of NO and $TNF-{\alpha}$ but did not effect IL-12 secretion when the cells were primed and trigged with $IFN-{\gamma}$ in the peritoneal macrophages of C57BL/6 mice. Conclusions : Taken together, these results suggest that KJE inhibit the production of inflammatory cytokines in HMC-1 cells and activate macrophages.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.888-897
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• 2015

The anti-inflammatory effect of alginate oligosaccharides on LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells was investigated at different time points (0-60 h). The alginate oligosaccharides were produced by an alginate-degrading enzyme from Shewanella oneidensis PKA1008. The alginate oligosaccharides decreased the production of nitric oxide and proinflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$, interleukin (IL)-$1{\beta}$, and IL-6] in a dose-dependent manner. The alginate oligosaccharides showed peak anti-inflammatory activity after 36 h of incubation; at that time point, reduced protein expression of NF-${\kappa}B$ p65, iNOS, and COX-2 was detected. Furthermore, the alginate oligosaccharide treatment reduced the formation of ear edema at 36 h compared to samples examined at 0 h when the oligosaccharides were administered at 50 and 250 mg/kg body weight, as well as dermal thickness and mast cell numbers in a histological analysis. These results suggest that alginate oligosaccharides are a promising anti-inflammatory agent.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.173-183
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• 2010

Perilla frutescens var. acuta Kudo (PF) is a traditional Korean medicinal herb for allergic reaction regulation. In the present study, we investigated the effect of 30% ethanol extract powder of PF (EPPF) and rosmarinic acid (RA), the active compound of EPPF on various allergic reactions using in vivo and in vitro models. EPPF and RA significantly inhibited compound 48/48-induced systemic anaphylactic reaction and histamine release (P < 0.05). In addition, EPPF and RA significantly inhibited passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). These effects were stronger than those of disodium cromoglycate, the reference drug tested. EPPF and RA also significantly inhibited production of inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-a interleukin (IL)-6, and vascular endothelial growth factor on the PCA reaction and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and calcium ionophore A23187-stimulated human mast cell line, HMC-1 cells (P < 0.05). Moreover, EPPF and RA showed an inhibitory effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced IL-4 production from whole spleen cells. Finally, EPPF and RA significantly decreased IL-4-dependent IgE production by LPS-stimulated whole spleen cells (P < 0.05). In conclusion, these results indicate that EPPF has potent anti-allergic activities.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제65권5호
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• pp.680-687
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• 2022

Objective : The influence of moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) on acute pulmonary injury is well established, but the association between acute pulmonary injury and mild TBI has not been well studied. Here, we evaluated the histological changes and fluctuations in inflammatory markers in the lungs to determine whether an acute pulmonary inflammatory response occurred after mild TBI. Methods : Mouse models of mild TBI (n=24) were induced via open-head injuries using a stereotaxic impactor. The brain and lungs were examined 6, 24, and 72 hours after injury and compared to sham-operated controls (n=24). Fluoro-Jade B staining and Astra blue and hematoxylin staining were performed to assess cerebral neuronal degeneration and pulmonary histological architecture. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis was done to measure inflammatory cytokines. Results : Increased neuronal degeneration and the mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-10, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β were observed after mild TBI. The IL-6, TNF-α, and TGF-β levels in mice with mild TBI were significantly different compared to those of sham-operated mice 24 hours after injury, and this was more pronounced at 72 hours. Mild TBI induced acute pulmonary interstitial edema with cell infiltration and alveolar morphological changes. In particular, a significant infiltration of mast cells was observed. Among the inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α was significantly increased in the lungs at 6 hours, but there was no significant difference 24 and 72 hours after injury. Conclusion : Mild TBI induced acute pulmonary interstitial inflammation and alveolar structural changes, which are likely to worsen the patient's prognosis.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.414-417
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• 2008

본 증례는 4년령의 암컷 비글종에서 발생한 것으로 점진적인 안구돌출증을 비롯하여 왼쪽 하안구 부속기에 발생한 직경 1.4 cm 의 종양을 가지고 있었다. 종양의 병리조직학적 검경에서 증생된 종양 세포들이 소엽 및 섬유성 격벽으로 구분되는 관통상의 구조를 나타내고 있었다. 잘 분화된 피지선은 다양한 크기의 소엽을 형성하고 있으며 비만세포 및 단핵 염증세포의 침윤이 관찰되었다. 관강 내에는 이러한 관성구조의 정점부위에서 탈락되어 나온 호염성 불질이 관찰되었으며 일부 관성구조는 경도의 화생을 나타내고 있었다. 조직면역염색에서 세포집단은 ${\alpha}-SMA$와 vimentin에 양성 반응을 나타내었다. 따라서 본 원발성 종양은 안검에서 발생한 내검판선 및 외검판선 유래의 선암종으로 진단되었으며 침윤되고 있는 안구내 종양은 악성 혼합종으로 진단되었다.