• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제62권2호
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• pp.129-135
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• 2019

Salvia miltiorrhiza Radix is cultivated in Korea and China and is traditionally used to treat cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we developed and validated a quantitative analysis method for S. miltiorrhiza Radix using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Identification was performed using ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. For quantitative analysis, we used seven marker compounds. Separation conditions for HPLC were optimized using an ODS column with gradient conditions of 1% formic acid in distilled water and 1% formic acid in acetonitrile, with a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min and a detection wavelength of 280 nm. This method showed good linearity ($R^2=0.9998$), precision (relative standard deviation ${\leq}3.3%$), accuracy (recovery of 94.16-102.89%), limit of detection ($7.53{\mu}g/mL$), and limit of quantification ($23.71{\mu}g/mL$). This approach successfully quantified marker compounds in S. miltiorrhiza Radix. The individual marker compounds were identified by comparing the molecular masses and retention times with does standard compounds. Marker compound contents of S. miltiorrhiza Radix were investigated with different cultivation regions. Seven marker compounds were detected and quantified in all samples. Among them, salvianolic acid B showed the highest contents and it ranged from 4.13 to 7.15%. The salvianolic acid B content (7.15%) of marker compound was the highest in Bonghwa, and the tanshinone IIA content (1.90%) was the highest in Pohang. The results of marker compounds and developed method were intended to provide a favorable reference for the study of S. miltiorrhiza Radix from different regions of Korea.

• 분석과학
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2016

생약의 원산지를 판별하는 논리적인 일련의 기준을 개발한다면, 현재 유통되는 한약을 좀 더 과학적으로 관리 할 수 있을 것이다. 이러한 노력은 전통적인 한약 산업 발전에 기여할 것이라고 사료된다. 산수유의 원산지 판별법을 개발하기 위해, 본 연구에서는 우선 국산 산수유와 중국산 산수유를 각각 수증기 증류하고 이 때 얻은 휘발성분을 GC/MS를 이용하여 분석하였다. NIST mass spectral library의 데이터베이스로부터 정성분석한 결과를 바탕으로 데이터를 범주화(binning)하여 변수를 얻고, 이에 대하여 PCA, OPLS-DA 등 다변량 통계 분석을 수행함으로써 신속, 정확하게 국산 산수유와 중국산 산수유의 산지를 판별할 수 있는 산지 판별모델을 확립하였다. 산지 판별모델 개발을 위해서 학습집합(n=53)을 분석하여 산지 판별모델을 수립한 후, 검증집합(n=12)을 산지 판별모델에 적용함으로써 그 타당성을 확인하였다. 더불어 1-ethylbutyl-hydroperoxide, nonadecane, butylated hydroxytoluene, 5β,7βH,10α-Eudesm-11-en-1α-ol, 7,9-bis (2-methyl-2-propanyl)-1-oxaspiro[4.5]deca-6,9-diene-2,8-dione, 그리고 2-decyldodecyl-benzene 등 6개의 마커성분을 선정할 수 있었다. 최근에 NMR을 활용한 산수유 원산지 판별에 대한 보고는 있었으나, GC/MS를 기반으로 한 대사체학 연구기법을 이용하여 산지판별 모델을 제시하는 것은 최초의 보고로서 그 의미가 크다. 본 연구결과를 활용하여 한약의 원산지 판별모델 확립과 산수유 원산지의 과학적인 관리에 적용할 수 있으리라 사료된다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.72-78
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• 2003

In the process of producing chitosan from crustacean shell, the use of excessive acid and alkli is causing the problems of environmental pollution and of production cost. In this study, one way to solve these problems is to cultivate fungi, then, to extract chitosan from the cell wall. By means of flask incubation and batch cultivation, the optimum cultivation conditions for mass production of continuous cultivation was found. Four strains used for the production of fungal chitosan were Gongronella butleri IF08080, Absidia coerulea IF05301, Rhizopus delemar IF04775, Mucor tuberculisporus IF09256. In flask incubation to select strain of producing much chitosan by means of experiment of the effect of initial pH, Absidia coerulea IFO 5301 had highest yield in FCs, 258.1 $\pm$ 47.3 mg/200 $m\ell$l at pH 6.5. In flask incubation under the optimum cultivation condition, temperature 27$^{\circ}C$, culture time 6days, glucose 2%, peptone 1%, (NH$_4$)$_2$ SO$_4$ 0.5%, $K_2$HPO$_4$ 0.1 %, Nacl 0.1 %, MgSO$_4$ㆍ7$H_2O$ 0.05%, CaCl$_2$ㆍ2$H_2O$ 0.01 %, the yield of DCW brought the highest yields. In batch bioreactor, the optimum cultivation condition was that cell suspended solution was 70 $m\ell$, aeration rate 0.5 l/min, agitation rate 800 rpm, culture time 36 hr. In continuous bioreactor, the optimum substrate flow rate was 4 ι/day.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제24권11호
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• pp.1566-1573
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• 2014

Although most algae cultivation systems are operated in suspended culture, an attached growth system can offer several advantages over suspended systems. Algal cultivation becomes light-limited as the microalgal concentration increases in the suspended system; on the other hand, sunlight penetrates deeper and stronger in attached systems owing to the more transparent water. Such higher availability of sunlight makes it possible to operate a raceway pond deeper than usual, resulting in a higher areal productivity. The attached system achieved 2.8-times higher biomass productivity and total lipid productivity of $9.1g\;m^{-2}day^{-1}$ and $1.9g\;m^{-2}day^{-1}$, respectively, than the suspended system. Biomass productivity can be further increased by optimization of the culture conditions. Moreover, algal biomass harvesting and dewatering were made simpler and cheaper in attached systems, because mesh-type substrates with attached microalgae were easily removed from the culture and the remaining treated wastewater could be discharged directly. When the algal biomass was dewatered using natural sunlight, the palmitic acid (C16:0) content increased by 16% compared with the freeze-drying method. There was no great difference in other fatty acid composition. Therefore, the attached system for algal cultivation is a promising cultivation system for mass biodiesel production.

• Mycobiology
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.360-371
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• 2023

Hispidin is an important styrylpyrone produced by Sanghuangporus sanghuang. To analyze hispidin biosynthesis in S. sanghuang, the transcriptomes of hispidin-producing and non-producing S. sanghuang were determined by Illumina sequencing. Five PKSs were identified using genome annotation. Comparative analysis with the reference transcriptome showed that two PKSs (ShPKS3 and ShPKS4) had low expression levels in four types of media. The gene expression pattern of only ShPKS1 was consistent with the yield variation of hispidin. The combined analyses of gene expression with qPCR and hispidin detection by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry coupled with ion-trap and time-of-flight technologies (LCMS-IT-TOF) showed that ShPKS1 was involved in hispidin biosynthesis in S. sanghuang. ShPKS1 is a partially reducing PKS gene with extra AMP and ACP domains before the KS domain. The domain architecture of ShPKS1 was AMP-ACP-KS-AT-DH-KR-ACP-ACP. Phylogenetic analysis shows that ShPKS1 and other PKS genes from Hymenochaetaceae form a unique monophyletic clade closely related to the clade containing Agaricales hispidin synthase. Taken together, our data indicate that ShPKS1 is a novel PKS of S. sanghuang involved in hispidin biosynthesis.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.51-53
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• 1996

Fed-batch culture of Pseudomonas oleovorans was carried out for the production of medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoates (MCL-PHAs) using octanoate as a carbon source. Octanoate and the salt solution containing ammounium sulfate and magnesium sulfate were intermittently fed in the course of fermentation. Cell mass and PHA concentrations of 42.8 and 16.8g/L, respectively, could be obtained in 40 h. The PHA content and the PHA productivity were 39.2% and 0.42 g PHA/L-h, respectively. The yields of cell mass and PHA were 0.71 g dry cell mass/g octanoate and 0.28g PHA/g octanoate, respectively. Therefore, octanoate can be used for the production of MCL-PHAs to a high concentration with high productivity.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.606-611
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• 1997

Entomogenous fungi which attack living insects are powerful means for microbiological insecticide. The purpose of this study is to establish the culture conditions and media for mass production of Beauveria sp. C208 which has a broad host range as a potential microbiological pesticide. The temperature and pH range for optimal cultivation of this strain were 28$circ$C and pH 5.0-7.0. For Beauveria sp. C 208, 2% rice straw and 0.6% tryptone were found as the proper carbon and nitrogen sources, considering cell mass, enzyme activities such as chitinase, protease and lipase, and spore concentration.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.21-23
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• 2013

잣버섯 생육환경조건 중 생육온도를 설정하기 위하여 실험한 결과 생육온도 $20^{\circ}C$에서 상품수량이 가장 우수한 결과를 나타 내었으며 다음과 같다. 생육온도에 따른 갓의 명도값은 차이가 나지 않았으나 적색도 및 황색도는 온도가 높을수록 높아지는 경향이었고, 대의 경도 및 깨짐성은 17 및 $20^{\circ}C$에서 높았다. 잣버섯의 생육온도에 따른 자실체의 생육특성은 온도가 높을수록 발이유도기 및 자실체의 발생기간이 빨랐으나 수량은 모두 유의성이 나타나지 않았다. 그러나 상품수량의 경우 20에서 가장 높았다. 갓크기는 생육온도 $20{\sim}23^{\circ}C$에서 $17^{\circ}C$ 보다 컸고, 대굵기는 $17^{\circ}C$에서 가장 굵었다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.35-43
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• 1991

The production of poly-$\beta$-hydroxybutyrate(PHB) from methanol by batch and fed-batch cultivations of Methylobacterium sp. GL-10 was studied. PHB accumulation was stimulated by the nutrients deficiency including, NH4+, SO42-, and K+. The nitrogen deficiency was the most critical factor for PHB accumulation. In batch cultivation, the maximum cell concentration and PHB content were 1.86g/l and 0.62g/l, respectively, with 1.0%(v/v) of methanol and 0.5g/1 of ammonium sulfate. The mass doubling time of Methylobacterum sp. GL-10 was in the range of 4-5 hrs. The cell growth and PHB accumulation were severely inhibited at the methanol concentration over than 2% (v/v). To overcome methanol Inhibition, constant feeding and intermittent feedillg fed-batch cultivations were adopted, using C/N molar ratio as a control factor. In constant feeding fed-batch process, cell concentration was increased up to 2.67g/1, and PHB yield was enhanced from 0.33 of batch culture to 0.53. The relatively low cell concentration was caused by methanol accumulated in culture broth at late growth phase. To prevent methanol accumulation and to maximize PHB production, DO-state intermittent fed-batch cultivation was attempted. The cell and PHB concentration was reached up to 4.55g/1 and 1.80g/1, respectively. It was possible to maintain methanol concentration low and also to feed nutrient of desired C/N molar ratio.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.226-232
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• 2011

In this study, for development of functional sprouts, we have investigated the change of antioxidant activity and quantity of vitamin C, germanium and selenium according to the addition of vitamin C, germanium oxide and selenium oxide on the during cultivation of various sprouts. We were cultivated the sprouts using water solution added vitamin C, germanium oxide and selenium oxide on the system of cultivation instrument. Analysis of quantity of vitamin C on control group and treatment group were conducted by HPLC. Quantity of germanium and selenium were analyzed by ICP-MS(Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometer), and antioxidant activities were checked by DPPH method. As a result, quantity of vitamin C, germanium and selenium on the treatment groups have increased tendency compared to the control group. And antioxidant activity of treatment groups showed increasing tendency compared to the control group.