• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.210-218
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• 2013

This study examined the degree of appearance interest and clothing conformity, the impacts of appearance interest on clothing conformity, and the effects of appearance interest and demographic variables on clothing conformity. A questionnaire survey collected data from October $3^{rd}$ to $27^{th}$ 2011. A convenience sample was drawn from adults between the ages of 17 and 76 who lived in the Daegu and Gyeongbuk regions of South Korea. A total of 513 responses produced complete and usable questionnaires. Data were tested through factor analysis and regression analysis, using SPSS 20.0. The results of this study are as follows : First, three factors were extracted from clothing conformity (normative, informative, identifiable conformity). The appearance interest was relatively high and normative conformity was the highest level among three factors of clothing conformity. Second, appearance interest was significant predictors of clothing conformity. Third, demographic variables such as gender, marital status, age and education levels had significant effects on the relationship between appearance interest and clothing conformity.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제10권9호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2012

Purpose - Korean traditional markets are falling behind the times, because they have not met the demands of social changes including: an overall improvement in standards of living, shift in purchasing form and propagation of cars. It is one of the most indigenous and conventional foods of Korea, taking a seat far in the corner of Korean traditional culture. Research design / data / methodology - Korean traditional rice cakes however have their limits. They are produced and sold by independent shop owners who cannot compete with the brand power of franchise organizations. The leadership of adminstration is needed for these shop owners particularly in visual merchandising related to interior design and display. Results - Additionally, the advent of major company-run rice cake cafe adds fresh fuel to the problem in addition to small but luxurious packaging. Small business owners need packaging technology for overall quality improvement of sales of rice cakes. Additional help is needed with the mode of packing to promote sales and win consumer confidence. Conclusions - Further assistance with marketing for seasonal displays is needed as well as teaching business owners how to read graphic data. Regular specialized education for visual merchandising of rice cakes could help independent market owners win the competition against franchise-based organizations.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권9호
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• pp.455-466
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• 2020

The purpose of the paper is to explore the country-of-origin (COO) influence on the buying decisions of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) consumers. The collected data from 370 consumers were summarized and coded by using Software R Studio and Microsoft Excel. The independent variables were analyzed and tested for their significant impact on the dependent variable, final buying decision of the product/service based on its country of origin. The selected hypotheses tested by administering the Kruskal-Wallis (K-W) hypothesis testing technique. The researchers identified that UAE consumers buying decisions influenced mainly by the country of origin of the products and services. The demographic variables like age, education, country of origin influential factors, country of choice was not displaying any significant impact on the buying decisions of consumers. The survey is limited to cover the general consumers of the country who are randomly selected from Dubai and Sharjah emirates. The study is beneficial to all the types of marketers, including domestic and international companies, who have plans to know the exact influence on consumers' buying decisions. The present research paper is original and provides empirical evidence on the country of origin's impact on the buying decisions of different products/services in the UAE.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.69-80
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• 2010

Objectives: This study aimed to find determinants of customers' use of and satisfaction with oriental medical services in Korea. Methods: A total of 33 articles which consist of 9 articles published in academic journals, 20 master's theses, and 4 doctoral dissertations were included in the systematic review. Among the articles used in the study, 29 used primary survey data, while 4 used secondary data produced by the Korean National Health and Nutrition Evaluation Survey. Results: First, it was found that people who prefer to use oriental medical services usually have one or more of the following diseases: musculoskeletal disorders, paralysis, or diseases or injuries without clear diagnosis. Other variables of gender, age, expectation of treatment outcome, and kindness of doctor and other staff were found to be significant determinants of using the oriental medical services. Second, the determinants of customers' satisfaction with oriental medical services were found to be age, gender, level of education, chronic disease with long length of stay, kindness of staff, medical cost, clinical environment, doctor's reputation, and public image of the institutions. Conclusion: The results of this study can be used to develop marketing strategies for oriental medical institutions in Korea.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.5-14
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• 2015

Purpose - Loyalty programs enable retailers to maintain longer and better customer relationships. In successful services, customers actively use and value these programs. As the proximity to the goal (goal gradient) might signal active participation, this study empirically examines customer's goal gradient behavior in a multi-vendor loyalty program. We also consider the effect of customer's accrual diversity on goal gradients, which is a differentiating feature in a multi-vendor loyalty program, and is further examined. Research Design, Data, and Methodology - The data consists of6,646 OK Cashbag members' individual transaction records from 2006 to 2009. The goal gradient hypothesis was tested as an increase in both the speed and the amount of accumulated award points. Result - The findings suggest that the goal gradient is also observed in a multi-vendor loyalty program, occurring more strongly among members with high accrual diversity. Conclusions - The results indicate that customers with high accrual diversity attend strongly to goal gradients in multi-vendor loyalty programs; hence, it is important for such program managers to better inform members about affiliated partners.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.7-17
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• 2018

Purpose - This study aims to investigate domestic wine consumption behavior and make future sales strategies and marketing plans. Research design, data, and methodology - To achieve the purpose of the study, the surveys were conducted targeting 350 wine customers in Jeju and Seoul. 331 responses were collected, and out of them, 21 responses were deleted because they lacked the proper information fill in. A descriptive statistical analysis was applied to the remaining 310 responses. The statistical techniques used for carrying out hypothesis-testing are EFA_(exploratory factor analysis), multiple-regression analysis, and moderating effect in SPSS 18.0. Results - The results indicate that fashion oriented, sociality aspiration and rationality seeking lifestyles had significant influence upon internal attributes. However, well-being oriented and having enjoyment oriented lifestyle had no significant influence upon internal attributes. Furthermore, all the types of lifestyles except social aspiration lifestyles had a positive influence upon external attributes, whereas internal or external attributes had positive influence on customer satisfaction. Conclusions - The consumers who experienced wine purchases think wine selection attributes differ before and after experiencing wine drinking, and it shows that the circumstantial variables as purchase situations prove to be important predicted variables in the behavior field of wine consumers. It implies appropriate wine education according to the consuming trend about wine for wine consumers are needed.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권7호
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• pp.509-517
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• 2020

The study seeks to understand the effects of boredom proneness on impulse purchasing and smartphone addiction of young consumers. Moreover, the possible mediating role of smartphone addiction is tested for the effect of boredom proneness on impulse purchasing. Nowadays, the effect of emotions on human behavior is generally accepted, and boredom is one of the important and common problematic feelings or moods at various levels of life due to factors like unemployment, not being able to work in a suitable job, not getting appropriate education matching individual abilities, monotony of tasks, and feeling life is meaningless. Investigating the effect of boredom on specific consumer behavior would increase our knowledge about consumer behavior. For the research, a survey was conducted 313 students from Kirikkale University, Keskin Vocational High School; the data were collected by convenience sampling method. The data were processed through statistical tools like exploratory factor analysis, coefficient alphas, and regression analysis. The results of the study reveal that boredom proneness affects impulse purchasing and smartphone addiction. In addition, it is understood that smartphone addiction plays a mediating role in the effect of boredom proneness on impulse purchasing. These results indicate that boredom can be an important factor affecting certain negative consumer behaviors.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.49-62
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine under what conditions suggestion programs conducted by organizations actually increase individual perception of their work effectiveness. Specifically, this study looks into the effects of cooperation perception and relational demography of employee on work effectiveness of suggestion programs. It does this by focusing on the interaction effect of organizational commitment. Research design, data and methodology: Data was collected from 1,872 participants who took part in the suggestion program of HCCP 6th DATA. This data was subjected to multiple regression analysis. Results: a) higher employee cooperation perception enhances work effectiveness of suggestion program, but relational difference of knowledge diversity between team members has no effect on work efficiency; b) Positive effect of cooperation perception, and difference in education level on work effectiveness become greater as commitment increases. However, organizational commitment decreases the positive effect of difference in organizational tenure on work effectiveness by suggestion program. Conclusion: The results point to the importance of broadening the current conceptual models of employee work effectiveness of suggestion program to include relational demography, as well as the utility of conducting additional cross-level research on suggestion programs.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.149-159
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• 2018

Malaysia is regarded as one of the leaders in the global halal marketplace, which has undergone huge growth in the past few years. The aims of this study were to identify imported food consumers in Malaysia based on Food Related Lifestyle (FRL) attributes and to investigate the demographic characteristics and purchasing behaviors of each segmented groups. Using an online survey, a total of 600 responses were collected in Malaysia. Excluding invalid responses, cluster analysis segmented imported food consumers into four FRL groups: impulsive, high interest, low interest, and traditional consumers. The results of this study were as follows. First, depending on lifestyle, the groups exhibited significant differences in demographic characteristics (age, race, religion, and education level). Second, differences in purchasing behaviors (purchasing frequency, place, and information sources of imported food products) were verified. Especially, purchasing frequency of imported food was higher in the high interest consumer group compared to the other groups. Based on these results, marketing implications of the study findings are discussed.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.37-52
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• 2005

This study was performed to explore multidimensional customer royalties and relating factors. 900 households, $1\%$ sample were randomly selected from K city located in Kangwon province. Interview survey was performed with structured Questionnaire for the entire people, 923 persons who experienced medical service utilization during one year before survey on time, september, 2004. In comparison of customer royalties by sociodemographic characteristics, the older group showed the higher level of cognitive and attitudinal royalties significantly. Education and income level also, showed negative relationship with cognitive, attitudinal and behavioral loyalties significantly. The more being a female and a visitor at oriental medicine clinic, the higher level of attitudinal loyalties. Customer satisfaction was a critical explaining variable for cognitive, attitudinal and behavioral loyalties. In multiple regression analysis, some sociodemographic characteristics showed significant relation with customer loyalties and customer satisfaction was the strongest relating variable to customer loyalties. In conclusion, multidimensional approach for customer loyalty is useful for understanding customer behaviors comprehensively. Future studies should focus on developing the more specific and valid measurement tools for customer loyalty in medical service.