• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.51-58
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• 2012

This study investigated the relationship between infants' temperament and mothers' parenting stress. This investigation is done by focusing on the interaction effects between the infants' temperament and maternal factors. A total of 1,120 infants and their mothers from a national sample were selected as subjects for carrying this investigation. The EAS (Emotionality, Activity and Sociality) Temperament Survey for Children: Parental Ratings was used to measure the infants' emotionality temperament, and PSI-SF(Parenting Stress Index-Short Form), KMSS(Kansas Marital Satisfaction Scale) and a survey on socio-demographic variables were used for the maternal factors. Two-way ANOVA revealed that the parenting stress was significantly different according to the infants'emotionality temperament. Most importantly, there were significant interaction effects between the infants' emotionality temperament and maternal factors(education level, employment status and marital satisfaction). The results were discussed in terms of the goodness of fit of the temperament and parenting models.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.179-193
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• 2015

This study examined the retirement adaptation process for middle-aged and elderly couples. Twelve couples who had experienced retirement were recruited by theoretical sampling. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed through the grounded theory approach of Strauss and Corbin (1998). This study showed the results of 124 concepts, 41 sub-categories and 17 categories indicated through an open coding process. As a paradigm in axial coding, the causal conditions in the adjustment procedures of elderly couples whose spouses are retired were 'retirement preparation,' 'retirement acceptance,' and 'marital satisfaction.' A central phenomenon was 'crisis and conflicts of twilight couples.' The contextual conditions that correspond to this phenomenon were 'psychological separation from adult children,' 'division of household labor,' and 'economic status.' The action/interaction strategies to control the phenomenon were 'recognition of marital relationships,' 'conflicts coping,' 'resolution methods,' and 'self-reflection.' The intervening conditions that facilitate action/interaction strategies were 'attitudes of husbands,' 'mutual awareness of couple,' 'health status,' and 'support systems.' The consequences were 'readaptation of marital relationships,' and 'unresolved conflicts,' and 'trying alone.' This research classified middle-aged and elderly couples' adaptation into three types such as mutual effort, separation & resignation, and conflicts vestige. The findings provide basic information to develop a retirement adaptation program for the middle-aged and elderly.

• Korean Journal of Rural Living Science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.43-56
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• 1994

This study examines the father involvement during the infancy period. In order to explore the influence of the father's characteristics, the infant's characteristics and the contextual sources of stress and support on reports of father-infant interaction and paternal responsibility 500 fathers are studied. Results show that fathers in this sample are not regularly involved in the caretaking and the play tasks. The caretaking tasks are most significantly associated with fathers' emotional reaction while indirectly with the first baby, the difficult baby, and the marital satisfaction. The play tasks differ somewhat by their work hours and the marital satisfaction.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.308-320
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• 2015

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the predictive factors for maternal role development for mothers of premature infants. Methods: A descriptive correlational study was conducted. A total sample of 121 mothers of premature infants following discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit were recruited using two strategies; an internet-based survey and an in-person data collection in a tertiary university hospital in Korea. A self-report questionnaire was used to collect data regarding personal, birth variables, marital intimacy, maternal attachment, maternal identity and maternal role development. Results: A hierarchical multiple regression analysis indicated that parity, maternal attachment, marital intimacy and maternal identity were predictors for maternal role development for mothers of premature infants, accounting for 70% of the variance. Among these variables, maternal attachment is the most powerful predictor for maternal role development. Conclusion: Nursing interventions during hospitalization to post-discharge education that includes parents of premature babies with positive interaction between couples strengthening marital intimacy and promotes maternal attachment that leads to integrate maternal identity should be considered by priority. Community-based family services such as home visits should be focused on maximizing the predictive factors for maternal role development in transition to motherhood that can contribute to maternal health as well as optimal growth and development of premature infants.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.44-51
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the actor and partner effects of self efficacy, marital adjustment and family support on Yangseang in infertile couples using the actor-partner interdependence model. Methods: The participants were 108 infertile couples. Data were collected using the Yangsaeng Scale, Infertility Self Efficacy Scale, Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale, and Perceived Social Support Scale from March to April in 2016. The Actor-Partner Interdependence Model was used to analyze the actor and partner effects of self-efficacy, marital adjustment and family support on Yangsaeng. Results: The fit indices for the model were Comparative Fit Index (CFI) = 0.99, Normed Fit Index (NFI) = 0.99, Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) = 0.90, and Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) = 0.01, which met the criteria. We found that only self efficacy had an actor effect on Yangsaeng. Marital adjustment and family support of infertile husbands had an actor effect on the Yangsaeng. In addition, marital adjustment showed an interaction effect. Conclusions: The findings of this study indicate that the level of Yangseang in infertile couples was positively associated with the levels of self efficacy and martial adjustment. Partner effects may be hidden due to much stronger actor effects on Yangseang.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.379-389
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• 2022

This study analyzed 10,352 married women to find the correlation between marital equality felt by married women and additional childbirth intentions. Frequency analysis and chi-square test analysis were performed to analyze the general characteristics of the investigator, and studies were conducted through binary logistic regression analysis and interaction analysis to analyze the relevance between each variable and additional childbirth. As a result, the 4-point group based on the 0-point group that lowest marital equality had 2.01 times higher willingness to additional birth. And, the 3-point group and the 2-point group were 1.46 times and 1.41 times higher than 0-point group with marital equality and additional childbirth intentions. In addition, intention of additional childbirth was increased when the higher the number of children, if they own a house, and if wives are non-regular or unemployed. This study analyzed the relationship between married women's intention to give birth additionally, focusing on marital equality. It is suggested that specific and reasonable policies at the macro level are required to improve the fertility rate.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.373-383
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• 1997

The purpose of the study was to investigate parent care consciousness at the viewpoint of symbolic interaction perspective-familism, norms of home, relation of their parent. data were collected form questionnaires with 267 male and female who were in the age of 10-50 and residents of Seoul. the data were analyzed with the SPSS statistical package. The major findings were as follows : (1) The general trends of symbolic interaction perspective's variable and parent care consciousness showed relatively high. (2) symbolic interaction perspective's variables was affected by socio-demographic variables. (3) Parent care consciousness was affected by marital status, age, cohabiation status with a grandparent. (4) The correlations of parent care consciousness was significant in symbolic interaction perspective's variables.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.38
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• pp.284-308
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• 1999

This study is about the nationwide research concerning the degree and trends of marital conflict and instability. The research samples are 1,217 married. As the result of the research, the most conflict able issues in Korean couples are on the husband-wife relations, such as habitual differences, sharing in houseworks, conflicts in the role expectation, and the communication problems. In this study, We devide the marital relationships into 4 types (A, B, C, and D) in the view of the satisfaction & instability of marriage. First, the marriage with unsatisfaction and instability (A) was portioned 8.3%, and the satisfactory & stable type (D) was portioned 68.4%. It seems the marital relationships in Korea are relatively stable. However, the portion of type B-unsatisfactory, but stable couples-is 17.1% and the type C-satisfactory, but unstable marriage 6.2%. The result implies that the indication of marital instability should consider not only the divorce rate, but also the quality of marital relationships. In other words, the intervention for the conflict couples yet not divorce is needed. The differences of conflict areas among the relational types is not so much, but the degrees on conflicts are very serious. Especially, in the areas of marital conflict, love issues and personal value system affect the division of relational types of marriage most. It means the interaction factors are the most important variables about maintaining the marital relations with stable and satisfaction.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.137-148
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of a reinforcement program for behavioral skills in postpartum care for couples with their first baby. Methods: The study used a non-equivalent control group and pretest-posttest design. It was conducted from January 14 to April 10, 2016 at a postpartum care center in D city. It analyzed 43 couples (22 in the experimental group and 21 in the control group.) For data analysis, descriptive statistics, test of homogeneity in pretest, independent t-tests, and repeated measures ANOVA were used. Results: For maternal fulfillment of postpartum care and postpartum fatigue, there was no significant difference in the interaction between group and time. In terms of parent-newborns attachment, the interaction between group and time showed a significant difference for mothers (F=13.63, p=.001) and fathers (F=6.51, p=.001). In marital intimacy, the interaction between group and time showed a significant difference for mothers (F=14.40, p<.001) and fathers (F=9.46, p=.004). In parenting stress, the interaction between group and time showed a significant difference for mothers (F=31.8, p<.001) and fathers (F=11.69, p=.001). A significant difference was found for the mothers' postpartum sleeping hours (F=0.14 p=.004). Conclusion: This program for behavioral skills in postpartum care, which is based on the information-motivation-behavioral skills model, improves postpartum care, parent-newborn attachment, marital intimacy, parenting stress, and maternal postpartum sleeping, by reinforcing behavioral skills required for postpartum care.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 2023

This study analyzed requirements for medical masks and difference in satisfaction based on demographic characteristics and side effects experience caused by wearing medical masks. Three factors related to requirements for medical masks were identified: wearing comfort and usability, blocking function for harmfulness, and design. As a result of the difference analysis for requirements of medical masks based on demographic characteristics, all three factors showed a significant difference in gender and occupation. Design did in age and monthly income. As a result of the presence or absence of breathing difficulties experience, design factor was significant. As a result of the presence or absence of skin trouble experience, wearing comfort and usability showed a significant difference. As a result of the difference in satisfaction with medical masks based on demographic characteristics and side effect experience caused by wearing medical masks, breathing, ear string tightness, blocking harmful substances, price, and over all wearing comfort showed a significant difference by gender, marital status, age, occupation, and monthly income, and the presence of absence of breathing difficulty experience and skin trouble experience, respectively. As a result of the interaction effect analysis between demographic characteristics and side effects experience caused by wearing medical masks, it showed a significant interaction effect between gender and monthly income, between marital status and monthly income, between monthly income and breathing difficulties experience, and between monthly income and skin trouble experience.