• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.428-437
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• 2023

A simultaneous analytical method was developed and validated for the analysis of prohibited fluoroquinolone (FQ) antibiotics including norfloxacin, ofloxacin, and pefloxacin, released by aquaculture in seawater and effluents. The samples were filtered, and extracts were obtained using a solid phase extraction cartridge with methanol (MeOH). The extracts were concentrated, and analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Two different columns and four different mobile phases were compared to achieve optimal separation and sensitivity for target compounds. Typical validation parameters including linearity, recovery of surrogate standard, instrument detection limit (IDL), limit of quantification (LOQ), and method detection limit (MDL) were evaluated. The linearity of calibration curves was over 0.999. Recoveries of surrogate ranged from 87.6% to 113%. The LOQ of target compounds was approximately 3-8 times lower than those reported in previous studies. The IDL and MDL were 0.06-0.57 and 0.06-0.37 ng/L, respectively. Seven effluent samples collected from an aquaculture located in Jeju were analyzed; however, not all target compounds were detected in the samples, suggesting that the banned antibiotics were not used. Overall, this established method was able to simultaneously analyze the three FQ antibiotics, and may be useful for monitoring prohibited antibiotics in the fishery industry.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.131-145
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 artificial mussel(AM)을 우리나라 해양환경에 처음으로 활용하여 수환경 내 중금속 오염도를 모니터링 하였다. 조사지역으로는 특별관리해역인 시화호 내측 5개 정점을 선정하였으며, AM과 홍합(Mytilus edulis)을 총 12주간 이식실험을 진행함으로써, AM과 홍합 내 지역 및 시간에 따른 중금속(Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb 및 Zn)의 오염도 및 농축특성에 대하여 조사하였다. AM과 홍합 모두 시간에 따라 농도가 증가하였으며, Zn의 축적이 다른 중금속 원소에 비해 높았다. Cd, Cu 및 Pb는 AM과 홍합간 유의한 상관성을 보였으나, Cr과 Zn는 상관성이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 해수 중 용존 중금속과 AM 및 홍합 내 중금속 간의 상관분석결과, Cd, Cu 및 Zn는 홍합보다 AM과 상대적으로 좋은 상관성을 보이고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 12주의 이실실험 후 AM이 홍합에 비해 뚜렷한 지역적 차이를 보이고 있어 해수 중 용존 중금속 농도를 직접적으로 반영하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 AM은 우리나라 해양환경의 시 공간적인 중금속 오염도 연구에 모니터링 도구로 사용가능하며, 물리, 화학적인 요인에 적은 영향을 받으므로, 담수를 포함한 다양한 수 환경 중금속 오염 연구에 활동도가 매우 높을 것으로 기대된다.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.157-164
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• 2009

Al, Ag, Au, Cu, Cd, Co, Fe, Ni, Pb, Zn등의 금속은 해수 중에 미량으로 존재하기 때문에 미량금속이라고 하며 일부는 미량영양소로서 생명체의 생리활동에 필요하지만 정해진 한계값을 초과할 때는 독성을 나타낸다. 미량금속(중금속)은 해양환경 및 해양생태계에 악영향을 미칠 수 있기 때문에 지속성 오염물질로 분류되어 다양한 연구가 수행되고 있다. 해수와 담수 등 자연수 중의 미량금속 측정은 정확도와 정밀도에 있어서 큰 오차를 가지고 있음이 장기간 인식되어 왔다. 미국과 유럽에서는 1975년 이후 미량금속의 해수 중 농도가 과거에 인지된 농도의 $1/10{\sim}1/1,000$ 정도로 낮아졌으며, 수직 분포는 생물, 물리, 지화학적인 과정들이 반영되고 있음이 밝혀졌다. 이와 같은 결과는 대부분 미량금속에 대한 분석방법과 기기의 발전에 기인하며, 시료 채취, 보관 및 분석 과정에 발생할 수 있는 오염을 제거해야 하는 세심한 주의가 요구되고 있다. 그러나 국내의 경우 많은 해양환경 관린 조사 및 연구에서 정확성이 결여된 자료가 보고되고 있다. 특히 미량금속 분석에 있어서 시료의 채취, 보관, 분석에 대한 정착한 인식 및 이해 부족은 자료의 질을 저하시키고 있다. 해양환경 연구 및 환경평가에 활용하기 위하여 자연수 중 미량금속의 정확한 자료를 획득하는 주요 과정에 대하여 소개하고자 한다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 1999년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.87-94
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• 1999

Sand drain as a vertical drainage is widely used in soft ground improvement. Recently, sand, the principal source of sand drain, is running out. A laboratory model test was carried out to utilize gravel as a substitute for sand. Though which the characteristics of gravel are compared to those of sand for engineering purpose. Two cylindrical containers for the model test were filled with marine clayey soil from the west coast of Korea with a column in the center, one with sand, the other with gravel. Vibrating wire type piezometers were installed at the distance of 1.0D, 1.5D and 2.0D from the center of the column. D is the diameter of the column. The transient process of pore water pressure with loading and the characteristics of consolidation were studied with the data gained from the measuring instrument place on the surface of the container. The parameter study was performed for the marine clayey soil before and after the test in order to check the effectiveness of the improvement. The clogging effect was checked at various depth in gravel column after the test. According to the test, the settlement was found to be smaller in gravel drain than in sand drain. The increase in bearing capacity by gravel pile explains the result. The clogging effect was not found in gravel column. As a result, it is assumed that gravel is relatively acceptable as a drainage material.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2002년도 Proceedings of International Symposium on Remote Sensing
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• pp.373-377
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• 2002

The Measurement of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT) instrument is an eight-channel gas correlation radiometer launched on the Earth Observing System (EOS) Terra spacecraft in 1999. Its main objectives are to measure carbon monoxide (CO) and methane (CH4) concentrations in the troposphere. This work analyzes tropospheric carbon monoxide distributions using MOPITT data in East Asia and compared ozone distributions. In general, seasonal CO variations are characterized by a spring peak and decreased in the summer. Also, this work revealed that the seasonal cycles of CO are spring maximum and summer minimum with averaged concentrations ranging from 118ppbv to 170ppbv. The CO monthly means show a similar profiles to those of O3. This fact clearly indicates that the high concentration of CO in spring is caused by two possible causes: the photochemical CO production in the troposphere, transport of the CO in the northeast Asia. The CO and O3 seasonal cycles in northeast Asia are influenced extensively by the seasonal exchange of the different types of air mass due to the Asian monsoon. The continental air masses contain high concentrations of O3 and CO due to higher continental background concentrations and sometimes due to the contribution of regional pollution. In summer the transport pattern is reversed. The Pacific marine air masses prevail over Korea, so that the marine air masses bring low concentrations of CO and O3, which tend to give the apparent minimum in summer.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.297-301
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• 2008

선박의 항주에 의해 발생하는 항주파의 현장관측을 수행하였다. 파랑데이터는 선박의 항로에서 625m 이격된 지점에서 초음파식 파고계를 이용하여 12시간동안 5Hz로 관측하였다. 관측데이터 분석결과 이 해역의 파랑은 정상적인 기상상태에서는 항주파가 현저한 원인으로 분석되었으며, 대형여객선과 쾌속여객선의 항주파가 중첩될 때 최대파고 82.6cm로 관측되었다. 불규칙하지만 현저한 방향특성을 가지는 개방수역의 풍파와 비교하여 항내의 항주파는 매우 복잡한 형태를 나타냈다.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.1263-1272
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of CoRT thinking skills training on young children's creativity and nature-friendly attitude. The subject of this study were 50 young children who attended kindergartens in Busan. The experimental group participated in CoRT thinking skills training while the comparison group participated in the typical activities according to the monthly plan of the kindergarten curriculum. The instrument used to evaluate the creativity and nature-friendly attitude of the young children were TTCT and nature-friendly attitude test. Data were analyzed by ANCOVA. Result showed that there were significant differences between the experimental group and the comparison group in post-test scores. The results suggested that the CoRT thinking skills training would be more effective to develop young children's creativity and nature-friendly attitude than typical activities according to the monthly plan of the kindergarten curriculum.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.958-972
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to analyze on high school teachers' stage of concern(SoC) on 'Creative-Experience Activity' in 2009 revised national curriculum and investigate the improvements of their levels. The subjects for this study were 234 high school teachers through out all part of the Korea country. The instrument for this study was developed according to the Hall & Hord(2006)'s stage of concerns questionnaire of Stage of Concern. The Data were analyzed by Profiling of teachers' concern and one-way ANOVA. The major findings of this study were as follows: First, 85.25% of the high school teachers were in stage of Awareness. 6.34% of teachers were in stage of Information. Most of high school teachers' concern about 'Creative-Experience Activity' was generally 'non-user' stage that unconcerned. Second, there were not significant differences in teachers' stage of concern according to their sex and teaching career except for region. In region, the teacher in metropolis tent to interest getting new information than small and midium size city. We need to make an effort to transfer from 'non-user' stage to 'early-user' stage of and 'impact' stage. To do so, we may sublate too much curriculum revise and start teacher training for 2009 revised 'creativity-experience activity' curriculum. The result of the study provide that there are not curriculum implementation success without teachers' concern about revised curriculum.

• 한국마린엔지니어링학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2005년도 전기학술대회논문집
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• pp.200-204
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• 2005

The sirocco fan is used to get low noise, and it has been applied to a lot of industry field like the heat engine, the fluid instrument power plant, the food industry, environment industry etc... because there are not any problem even it is mixed with a any kind of liquid, gas, and solid. The flow characteristics in sirocco fan are investigated by PIV. The experiment using PIV measurement for Test section's flow characteristics acquired velocity distribution, .Condition : when sirocco fan in automobile air controller maximum 1450RPM, and a revolution is a variation (1)950RPM, (2)1100RPM, (3)1250RPM. The agreement a experiment shows the validity of this study and the results of this study would be useful to the engineers who design for the flow systems for heating, ventilation and air conditioning.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.746-755
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• 2009

Recently, NMEA2000 became the de facto standard of the communication protocol for the instrument level network in vessels, and it is anticipated that most of the vessels will be equipped with the sensors and actuators based on this protocol. The conventional serial communication specifications such as RS-232, RS-485, or even NMEA0183 are single-talker/multiple-listener and interconnection among multiple sensors and/or actuators usually results in a bundle of wires. On the other hand, NMEA2000 is a true bus type(multiple-talker/multiple-listener) protocol and theoretically up to 256 instruments can be hot-plugged. With the advent of the protocol, it is necessary to consider a new type of monitoring system for the instruments in vessels: In most traditional serial communication environments, a dedicated monitor or user interface was necessary for each sensor or actuator as it was simply not easy to collect data in a single place. With NMEA2000, the collection of various types of information is simple. An embedded system can be employed to combine, to arrange and to display informations from various types of devices. Assuming that the actuators and sensors on a vessel are interconnected by NMEA2000 standard, we devise a tentative interactive vessel monitoring system in which the following 4 kinds of informations are collected and delivered: the navigation, engine, weather and tanks informations.