• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.331-343
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• 2017

In this study a polymer concrete, made up of natural aggregates and an orthophthalic polyester binder, reinforced with natural Alfa fibers has been studied. The results of flexural testing of unreinforced polymer concrete with different rates of charges (marble) showed that the concrete with 20% of marble is stronger and more rigid compared to other grades. Hence, a rate of 20% of marble powder is selected as the optimal value in the development of polymer concrete reinforced Alfa fibers. The fracture results of reinforced polymer concrete with 1 and 2 wt% of chopped untreated or treated Alfa fibers showed that treated Alfa (5% NaOH) fiber reinforced polymer concrete has higher fracture properties than other composites. We believe that this type of concrete provides a very promising alternative for the building industry seeking to achieve the objectives of sustainable development.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.411-424
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• 1990

Mechanical, physical and petrographic properties of seventeen marble specimens collected from ten marble mines in Korea were investigated. Studied marbles were mainly composed of calcite, dolomite, and various amounts of serpentine, tremolite, olivine, quartz and opaque minerals. Complete and sutured textures were dominant. Compressive strength measured normal to the bedding plane is larger almost two times than that measured parallel to the bedding plane. From the results of Shore hardness test on marbles, water content was an important factor to decrease Shore hardness values. Engineering geological properties, especially, compressive strength, Young's modulus, wear resistance and water absorption could be controlled by the presence of quartz, and the type of marble texture. Water absorption-porosity, compressive strength-Young's modulus, and impact strength index-Los Angeles abrasion couples show good correlation. According to the comparative utility as commercial stone, it could be concluded that marbles from the Banglim mine, Songbo mine, Kwangdeok mine and Bongjeong mine were superior to that of other studied marbles.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.221-229
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• 1997

Disc-type and ring-type specimens of four different materials were tested to investigate the tensile characteristics and their brief results are presented. Materials tested were marble, granite, cement mortar and plaster. Unizxial tensile strengths are compared with Brazilian and ring test strengths. It was found that Brazilian strengths were usually greater than uniaxial tensile strengths and affected by loading rates. In the ring tests, tensile strengths were generally found to be decreased as relative hole radius being increased. Ring test strengths, however, converged to some value in r$\geq$0.45 of marble, r$\geqq$0.29 of cement mortar and r$\leq$0.5 of plaster specimens. In such range of r, furthermore, transverse cracking of specimens were observed.

• 한국광물학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.187-194
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 주 구성 광물이 방해석인 대리암에 대하여 알콕시실란계 강화제인 0.8T0.2E1G_3wt0.08%와 1T1G_7wt0.08%의 적용성 평가를 수행하였다. X-선회절분석결과 방해석의 회절선의 위치는 변화가 없지만 강도는 약간 증가하는 경향을 나타낸다. 전자현미경 관찰 결과 강화제 0.8T0.2E1G_3wt0.08%로 처리한 경우 새끼줄 모양으로, 1T1G_7wt0.08%로 처리한 경우 판상 또는 엽상의 입자가 균질하게 피복되어 있는 표면을 관찰할 수 있다. 강화제 처리 후 표면은 두 가지 모두 약간 어두운 경향을 나타낸다. 쇼어경도와 초음파 속도는 두 강화제 모두 처리 후 증가하는 경향을 나타낸다.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.267-276
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• 2014

Exposures to lead (Pb) are associated with neurological problems including psychiatric disorders and impaired learning and memory. Pb can be absorbed by iron transporters, which are up-regulated in hereditary hemochromatosis, an iron overload disorder in which increased iron deposition in various parenchymal organs promote metal-induced oxidative damage. While dysfunction in HFE (High Fe) gene is the major cause of hemochromatosis, the transport and toxicity of Pb in Hfe-related hemochromatosis are largely unknown. To elucidate the relationship between HFE gene dysfunction and Pb absorption, H67D knock-in Hfe-mutant and wild-type mice were given drinking water containing Pb 1.6 mg/ml ad libitum for 6 weeks and examined for behavioral phenotypes using the nestlet-shredding and marble-burying tests. Latency to nestlet-shredding in Pb-treated wild-type mice was prolonged compared with non-exposed wild-types (p < 0.001), whereas Pb exposure did not alter shredding latency in Hfe-mutant mice. In the marble-burying test, Hfe-mutant mice showed an increased number of marbles buried compared with wild-type mice (p = 0.002), indicating more repetitive behavior upon Hfe mutation. Importantly, Pb-exposed wild-type mice buried more marbles than non-exposed wild-types, whereas the number of marbles buried by Hfe-mutant mice did not change whether or not exposed to Pb. These results suggest that Hfe mutation could normalize Pb-induced behavioral alteration. To explore the mechanism of repetitive behavior caused by Pb, western blot analysis was conducted for proteins involved in brain dopamine metabolism. The levels of tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine transporter increased upon Pb exposure in both genotypes, whereas Hfe-mutant mice displayed down-regulation of the dopamine transporter and dopamine D1 receptor with D2 receptor elevated. Taken together, our data support the idea that both Pb exposure and Hfe mutation increase repetitive behavior in mice and further suggest that these behavioral changes could be associated with altered dopaminergic neurotransmission, providing a therapeutic basis for psychiatric disorders caused by Pb toxicity.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.199-207
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• 2018

With the development of concrete technology, producing concrete products that have the ability to flow under their own weights and do not need internal or external vibrations is an important achievement. In this study, assessments are made on using travertine, marble and limestone rock flours in self-compacting lightweight concrete (SCLC). In fact, the effects of these powders on plastic and hardened phases of SCLC are studied. To address this issue, concrete mixtures with water to cementitious materials ratios of 0.42 and 0.45 were used. These mixtures were made with 0 and 10% silica fume (SF) replacement levels by cement weight. To achieve lightweight concrete, lightweight expanded clay aggregate (Leca) with the bulk density of about $520kg/m^3 $was utilized. Also two kinds of water were consumed involving tap water and magnetic water (MW) for investigating the possible interaction of MW and rock flour type. In this study, 12 mixtures were studied, and their specific weights were in the range of $1660-1692kg/m^3$. To study the mixtures in plastic phase, tests such as slump flow, J-ring, V-funnel and U-box were performed. By using marble and travertine powders instead of limestone flour, the plastic viscosities and rheology were not changed considerably and they remained in the range of regulations. Moreover, SCLC showed better compressive strength with travertine, and then with marble rock flours compared to limestone powders. According to the results of the conducted study, MW showed better performance in both fresh and hardened phases in all the mixes, and there was no interaction between MW and rock flour type.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.503-506
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• 2011

A new hybrid, Phalaenopsis 'Pink Marble' was made by the National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, in 2005. This hybrid was selected from self-crossed progenies of P. '21-1' (collected number) in 1999. In 2001, one line was selected based on the aspects such as flower color, leaf shape, flower stalk, and vigorous growth. Trials were conducted from 2003 to 2005 for evaluation and selection of this cultivar. 'Pink Marble' had a medium flowering habit and a dark pink spot (RHS, RPN74B) on white petal and sepal when fully opened. The number of flowers on each peduncle was 7.5, and flower diameter was 52.3 cm. The general impression of petals and sepals is a plate shape. The thick sepal could extend the long flowering time. The average length of leaf and peduncle were 16.5 cm and 6.8 cm, respectively. It had a half-erect leaf form, and was a fast-growing cultivar. This hybrid is relatively easy to clone.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.343-351
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• 1999

등목어과에 속하는 어류의 경우 수정란 난막이 형태학적으로 같은 과이기 때문에 종간에 유사성이 있는지 또는 같은 과에 속한다고 하더라도 종에 따라 서로 다른 구조를 하고 있는지를 알아보고, 과 또는 종의 기준이 되는 형태학적 특징들을 확인하기 위해서 three-spot gourami (Trichogaster trichopterus), pearl gourami (Trichogaster leeri) 및 marble gourami (Trichogaster trichopterus trichopterus)를 실험재료로 하여 수정란과 난막구조를 광학현미경, 투과전자현미경 및 주사전자현미경을 이용하여 관찰 비교하였다. 3종의 수정란은 모두 구형의 무색투명한 부착성란으로 부성란이었고 난막 표면에 부속사는 없었으며 난황장 중앙에 하나의 유적이 있었다. 3종 모두 정자의 통로로 생각되는 난문이 관찰되었는데 경사가 완만한 수많은 흠을 보유하고 있는 깔대기 형태였으나 pearl gourami의 경우 꽃 모양의 구조물이 난문 안쪽에 위치하고 있었고 three-spot gourami와 아종인 marble gourami의 경우 형태는 서로 유사했다. 난막의 표면은 홈들이 난막 전체에 분포하고 있었고, 3종 모두 난막은 2층으로 부착층인 외층 및 전자밀도가 높은 한 층인 내층으로 구성되어 있었다. 이상과 같이 수정란의 형태, 난문의 구조, 난막표면 및 난막의 단면구조는 3종 모두 매우 유사한 형태로 등목어과 어류의 수정란 및 난막의 공통적인 특징으로 생각된다.

• 한국광물학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.71-81
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• 2007

접촉변성과 열수변질 작용이 중첩되어 형성된 자성 광산의 대리암형 백운석은 대개 98 wt.% 이상의 매우 높은 백운석 함유도를 보이는 고품위백운석으로서 부수적으로 석영, 백운모, 활철석과 같은 불순물을 미량 함유한다. 열수변질 산물로 여겨지는 황철석으로 인해 0.4 wt.% 정도의 상당히 높은 철분 함유 수준을 보이는 것이 특징이다. 대체로 백색을 띠는 이 백운석은 $0.35{\sim}0.46mm$의 결정 입도를 보이며 반자형의 등립상 조직을 이룬다. 이 백운석의 분체 특성은 전형적인 고품위석회석인 풍촌층 석회석에 비해 분쇄 효율, 미분체의 형성 및 입도 분포 면에서는 다소 우수한 것으로 나타난다. 또한 철분 함량을 제외하고는 기타 충전재로서의 품질상의 주요 요소들 즉, 백색도, 흡유율 및 비표면적은 물론 신장비, 형상비, 구형도와 같은 형상 특성 면에서도 결코 뒤떨어지지 않는 분체 특성을 보인다. 이 같은 자성 백운석의 양호한 분체 특성은 원광에서의 기본적으로 높은 백운석 함유도와 비교적 높은 결정도에 기인한 것으로 여겨진다. 이 백운석은 비교적 높은 철분 함량과 황화광물의 혼재로 인해서 금속제련용을 제외한 소성용 용도로는 적합하지 않은 것으로 판단된다. 그렇지만 적절한 선광 공정이 적용된다면 현재 중탄용 석회석이 차지하고 있는 대부분의 충전재 응용 부문에서는 고품위석회석의 대체재로써 충분히 활용이 가능할 것으로 평가된다.

• 지질공학
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.427-438
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 다양한 암종이 분포하는 단양 지질공원 내에서 발생한 산사태를 대상으로 야외지질조사를 통해 유형을 분류하고, 샘플링 및 실내 시험을 통해 산사태 구성 물질의 역학적‧수리학적 특성을 분석하였다. 토석류 산사태 유형은 석회암 및 대리암, 셰일, 반상변정질 편마암 지역에서 발생하였으며, 석회암 및 대리암 지역에서는 카렌지형의 영향을 받아 암반과 암반 사이의 토사가 붕괴되는 형태로 다른 두 지역의 산사태와 구분된다. 토질시험 결과에서는 조립질 함량이 많은 편마암 풍화토가 다른 두 지역의 풍화토에 비해 내부마찰각이 높고 점착력이 작으며 투수계수가 큰 특징을 보인다. 암반 산사태 유형은 천매암, 사암, 역암 지역에서 발생하였으며, 천매암 지역에서는 평면파괴 형태가, 사암 지역에서는 부석형 낙석 형태가, 역암 지역에서는 전석형 낙석 형태가 발달하고 있다. 천매암의 전단강도는 동일한 암질의 타 암종에 비해 훨씬 낮게 나타나며, 역암의 슬레이크 내구성 지수는 타 암종과 유사하나 시험 전‧후 시료의 상태를 비교하면 기질부의 차별풍화 및 이로 인한 역의 탈락 형태가 뚜렷이 관찰된다. 본 연구의 결과는 지질특성별 산사태 유형에 따른 적절한 보강방안 및 방재대책을 수립하는데 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.