• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.175-182
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• 2015

The recent manufacturing industry in Japan has found it difficult to transfer skills from trained workers to inexperienced workers because the former ages and then retires. This is a particular problem for lathe process, as this operation requires explicit and tacit knowledge, and defining the skills clearly in a manual is difficult. This study aims to develop a training system for lathe operation by using a simulator; this includes formulas that help define the relationship between the speed of tool feed and cutting sound/shape of chips which were proposed in the preceding study. The developed training system is verified the effectiveness.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2005

The objective of the study is to analyze the pilot's behavior such as preference and management technique to the automation of aircraft through Flight Management Attitude Questionnaire(FMAQ) survey. Participants in the survey are grouped in rank and nationality, and attitudes of those groups toward the automation are analyzed. Previous empirical studies have demonstrated large cross-nation differences in attitudes regarding task performance across several work domains including aviation. Analysis of the survey shows that the pilots in Asia region like the automation and its usage more than the pilots in western and Oceania regions. The trust in the automation is higher among glass cockpit pilots than among the conventional aircraft pilots. More foreign pilots than Korean pilots believe that the automation may deteriorate their flight skills. While more Korean pilots than foreign pilots agree that their flight skills can be kept by manual controls. The pilots also feel that the automated cockpits would require more verbal communications between crew members. For improving the automation management skills and the effective automation usage, the Situation Awareness training and Crew Resource Management(CRM) training are strongly suggested.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.69-83
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• 1995

In a large number of literature on of inspection tasks, one of the most consistent findings is the existence of large and consistent differences among inspectors. It is possible that the individual difference is described by the difference of cognitive skills, because cognitive skills are required more than manual skills in inspection tasks. Therefore, a set of cognitive factors in human information processing may underly human performance in inspection tasks. In this study, a cognitive skill was described as the relative importance of the cognitive factors involved. A hierarchical task analysis and a fuzzy hierarchical analysis were used to represent how the importance of cognitive factors contribute to inspection performance. An experiment was conducted using the computer simulations of PCB inspection tasks. The results revealed that the subject group with better performance showed the importance weights of cognitive factors in the following rank; (attention, perception, judgement, classification, recognition)<(detection)$\ll$(memory). The results of the experiment can serve as a selection criterion for efficient inspection performance and the information of skilled learning for an inspection training program. The usefullness of a hierarchical task analysis and a fuzzy hierarchical task analysis for the analysis of cognitive tasks are also confirmed.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.139-148
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• 2018

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of waist mobilization technique intervention for patients with chronic back pain on balance and the low back pain disability index. Methods : The subjects were 30 patients with chronic back pain. They were sampled and divided into a manual therapy group and a spinal decompression group. 15 subjects were randomly assigned to each group. Each training in this study participated for 6 weeks, 5 times a week, once a day, 15 minutes a day. Balance ability was measured with a balance analyzer, and the low back pain disability index was measured using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Results : In the balance abilities, there was a significant difference in the manual therapy group compared to the spinal decompression group. In the low back pain disability index, there was a significant difference in the manual therapy group compared to the spinal decompression group. Conclusion : The analysis results of the effect of 6 weeks of waist mobilization technique intervention on the balance and low back pain disability index for patients with chronic back pain revealed that the manual therapy is more effective for static and dynamic balance ability and the low back pain disability index. In the future, we can promote independent life skills and expect a rapid recovery of patients with chronic back pain. Based on this study, further studies are needed on the effects of balance, the mechanical properties of muscle, and the low back pain disability index depending on various manual therapy techniques.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회A
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• pp.372-377
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• 2007

For more than 2,500 years, surgical teaching has been based on the so called "see one, do one, teach one" paradigm, in which the surgical trainee learns by operating on patients under close supervision of peers and superiors. However, higher demands on the quality of patient care and rising malpractice costs have made it increasingly risky to train on patients. Minimally invasive surgery, in particular, has made it more difficult for an instructor to demonstrate the required manual skills. It has been recognized that, similar to flight simulators for pilots, virtual reality (VR) based surgical simulators promise a safer and more comprehensive way to train manual skills of medical personnel in general and surgeons in particular. One of the major challenges in the development of VR-based surgical trainers is the real-time and realistic simulation of interactions between surgical instruments and biological tissues. It involves multi-disciplinary research areas including soft tissue mechanical behavior, tool-tissue contact mechanics, computer haptics, computer graphics and robotics integrated into VR-based training systems. The research described in this paper addresses the problem of characterizing soft tissue properties for medical virtual environments. A system to measure in vivo mechanical properties of soft tissues was designed, and eleven sets of animal experiments were performed to measure in vivo and in vitro biomechanical properties of porcine intra-abdominal organs. Viscoelastic tissue parameters were then extracted by matching finite element model predictions with the empirical data. Finally, the tissue parameters were combined with geometric organ models segmented from the Visible Human Dataset and integrated into a minimally invasive surgical simulation system consisting of haptic interface devices and a graphic display.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.491-499
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• 2012

2009 개정 교육과정의 화학 I 교육과정에서의 교육목표를 교과서의 학습목표 및 평가 문항에서 얼마나 반영하였는지에 대하여 Klopfer의 분류틀을 이용하여 조사하였다. 연구대상은 2009 개정 화학과 교육과정, 해설서, 4종의 화학 I 교과서이었다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 2009 개정 교육과정의 화학I 교육목표는 Klopfer의 과학목표 분류체계의 모든 영역을 포함하고 있다. 둘째, 화학 I 교과서의 학습목표에 기술된 행동목표는 지식과 이해가 높은 비중을 차지하고 있는 반면, 과학적 탐구과정, 과학 지식과 과학 방법의 적용, 조작적 기능, 태도와 흥미, 지향에 관한 목표는 상대적으로 소홀하게 다루어지고 있다. 셋째, 화학 I 교과서의 단원종합문항의 평가 행동목표의 빈도는 지식과 이해에 집중되어 있다. 따라서 교과서 집필 시 교육과정의 다양한 교육목표를 반영한 학습목표의 진술이 필요하다. 학습 목표 및 평가 문항이 인지적인 면에 편중되어 진술하고 있으므로 학생들의 창의적인 사고를 위해 학습목표의 진술을 다양화하는 노력이 필요하다. 또한 교과서 학습목표와 평가문항목표의 일관성이 요구된다.

• 과학교육연구지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.80-90
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• 2011

이 연구는 초등 예비교사들의 실험 수행 과정에서 나타나는 실험 기구 조작 능력을 알아보기 위해서 초등 예비교사의 실험 수행 과정을 관찰, 분석하였다. 연구를 위하여 중소도시 소재 H대학교 초등교육과 학생 24명을 연구 대상자로 선정하였으며 2007 개정 과학과 교육과정에 근거하여 개발된 초등학교 3-6학년 과학 교과서를 분석하여 실험 도구를 선정하였다. 선정된 실험 기구는 현미경, 프레파라트 제작, 스포이트, 알코올램프이다. 또한 실제 실험 수행 과정에서 나타나는 실험 기구 조작 능력을 알아보기 위하여 실험 과제를 선정하였으며 실험 기구의 조작 능력을 평가하기 위한 평가 관점을 개발하였다. 3명의 연구 대상자가 각자 독립된 공간에서 동시에 실험 과제를 수행하였고 이 때 3명의 공동 연구자가 각 연구 대상자의 실험 과제 수행 과정을 관찰하고 실험 기구 조작능력 평가 관점표에 제시된 각 관점의 조작 여부를 O, X로 기록하였다. 연구 결과, 초등 예비 교사들의 알코올램프, 스포이트, 현미경, 프레파라트 제작 능력이 낮다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 특히, 알코올램프는 스치듯 불 붙이기와 불꽃에 따라 삼발이의 높이를 조절하는 조작 기능이 매우 낮았으며 스포이트는 바르게 잡기를 제대로 수행하지 못하였다. 프레파라트는 제작 시 핀셋 등의 기구 대신 손을 많이 사용하였고 물방울 떨어뜨리기, 거름종이로 물기 닦아내기를 거의 수행하지 않았다. 또한 현미경은 각 과정의 사용법을 정확하게 알지 못했고 초점을 제대로 맞추지 못해 관찰 대상을 관찰하지 못하는 경우도 많이 있었다. 초등 예비교사들의 실험 기구 조작 능력 향상을 위해서 초등 교사 양성 과정에서 초등 예비교사들이 개별적으로 실험 기구를 조작해 볼 수 있는 기회를 충분히 가져야 하며, 이 과정에서 실험 기구의 명칭과 용도, 실험 기구를 올바르게 사용하는 방법, 사용할 때의 유의점, 실험에서 이 실험 기구를 사용하는 이유 등 실험 기구의 가장 기초적이고 기본적인 내용에 대한 지도가 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.206-216
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate science related attitudes, scientific knowledge, and scientific inquiry skills of middle school students when HASA(3H-hand, head, heart-at Science Activity) programs were applied to them. The HASA program is a program developed as an alternative to the current educational system. There are some basic principles for developing this program; it should be fun or of interest to students; it should be a manual activity that students can do with their own hands; it should be found in everyday life; and it's final goal is to improve scientific attitudes. The learning program consists of a series of 10 activities (10 periods). One hundred and sixty-two middle school students (7th graders) participated in the study and were divided into three groups. The HASA group (N=58) was exposed to the HASA program and the Lecture group (N=59) was exposed to the expository method of learning scientific knowledge, and the Lab group (N=45) was exposed to the experiment through textbooks. The results were as follows: 1) the HASA group was marginally higher than others but with no significant difference in science related attitudes; 2) the Lecture group had a significantly greater level of achievement in science knowledge; 3) There was no difference in the improvement of scientific inquiry skills.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.57-66
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• 2012

Background: The main purpose of this study was to know the educational environment on physical therapists who were working at clinical field after graduation. Methods: The subjects of this study were 241 therapists who took and OMPT or PNF course at Seoul, Incheon and Kyounggido. The data were collected during April to June 2012. The data were analysis by SPSS PC by cross-tab, mean, percentage. Results: The general characteristics of physical therapists who took post-graduate education: female (56.0%), 1-3 years clinical experience (41.5%), 25-29 years old (46.5%). The main reason to take post-graduate educational program was to learn more high quality therapeutic skills for the patients treatment (88.4%). But the condition of environment wes poor such as they pay all of expenses by themselves (54.9%), not permit to take international post-graduate educational program (77.2%). Conclusions : For the better post-graduate educational environment for the physical therapists, it needs systemic plan and sequential strategy with passion for the future.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.43-59
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• 2023

Objectives: Although a manual for a disaster medical support using Korean medicine doctors for disaster survivors has been developed, education programs for using the manual in disaster situations need to be developed. Thus, the purpose of this study was to analyze existing online education programs for disaster mental health to develop education programs for Korean medicine doctors. Methods: We conducted website searching for disaster mental health education programs using Google. Compositions, contents, hours, methods, costs, organizers, and targets of included educational programs were analyzed qualitatively. Results: After searching, eight websites among a total of 64 were included for the analysis. Lectures consisted of Psychological First Aid, Skills for Psychological Recovery, Self-Care, and Psychological Education after a disaster experience. Training hours for each program ranged from 30 minutes to 31 hours. All lectures were given only online. They could only be taken online. Free lectures were the most common ones. Most of them were for the general public. Conclusions: Findings of this study provide information regarding trends of online education programs for disaster mental health. Our information could be used for developing disaster trauma response education programs for Korean medicine doctors in the future.