• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.1241-1250
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• 2015

In this paper, we describe visualization pursuant of developing 37 Honored Ones within the Diamond World Mandala. “The 37 Honored Ones” are a collective term for 5 Buddhas and 32 Bodhisattvas that were built on the basis of Vajrasekhara Sutra. Also, as core values of Buddhism, they represent ideas of Esoteric Buddhism systematically and symbolically. “The 37 Honored Ones” are completed by the development of 4 Buddhas from Vairocana and their interaction with 16 Great Bodhisattvas and 16 Offering Bodhisattvas that were also developed from Vairocana. So, in this paper, we analyze and visualize the development of “37 Honored Ones.” This line of research is significant because it aims to convert narrative structure of the conventional Buddhism scriptures into various types of digital contents. Also, applications of the implemented visual digital contents can be as follows; educational service for Buddhist doctrines, development of the various Buddhist cultural contents, etc.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.77-84
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• 2022

This study focused on the spirit to becoming the true "I" as a human, and it attempted to pay attention to the "images" sent by the unconscious to prompt the reality of that spirit. The purpose of this study was to identify the symbols in myths and folk tales that appeared in the individual's dreams and to shed light on how the universal experiences of humankind are re-experienced and integrated into an individual's life. This study used a total of 105 mandala paintings collected through the researcher's own dreams from February 2019 to September 2020. Among them, repeated symbols were classified into basic shapes, squares, crosses, triangles, circles, and spirals, as suggested by Riedel. The study truthfully described the discovery of a practical layer of psychology as a human's individualization and changing, resulting in autoethnography, which is a type of qualitative study.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.37-45
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• 2015

The importance of cultural contents industry is steadily growing owing to the Korean wave etc. and Buddhist cultural contents is a part of the cultural contents. However, the development of Buddhist cultural contents in many ways has left much to be desired. That is because, it is difficult for the public, who is not Buddhist scholar, to understand and take interest in conventional contents on Buddhist books themselves which are digitalized. Also, most contents researches are discussed on the necessity of contents development and just stay in these subjects, but it is insufficient to study a semantic analysis and visualizing contents on Buddhist books. So, in this paper, we analyse mandala's twinning rite in the Buddhist books and implement visual contents on the rite. The mandala is using toohadeokbul in a special way as the abhisinca rite. We analyse concept of the toohadeokbul and implement its visual contents which visualize ideological logic of Buddhism. The implemented contents are able to provide the public with Buddhist cultural experience of the yard. Additional, by trying to visualize descriptive expressions of Buddhist books, this paper could be a precedent for developing visual contents of unlimited data comprised in Buddhist books.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.453-468
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• 2016

This study is a result of experiment to recognize geometric and spacial conceptions for early childhood. This researcher had built up Mandala figures which was an intermediary between consciousness and unconsciousness, and then have studied about early childhood's geometric and spatial concepts by using Mandala figures. In this paper, authors have studied fractal art activities of early childhood as a follow-up study, since the structure of fractal art is similar to Mandala. As a result, three years old young children have significant correlation in four areas(figure perception, visual discrimination, position-in space perception and visual memory), but five years old young children have significant in three areas(figure perception, position-in space perception and visual memory). For five years old group, there is some difference between boys and girls, also they had described for their art activities like real models.

• SUVANNABHUMI
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.7-34
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• 2017

Various models have been presented to describe early Southeast Asian political formations that draw on both indigenous and imported Indic ideas. The most influential of these are the "Mandala" (Wolters 1968, 1982, 1999), "Galactic" (Tambiah 1976), "Negara" (Geertz 1980), and Anderson's 1972 "The idea of power in Javanese culture." This paper represents an initial attempt to compare the salient features of these models with historical and archaeological data from South Sulawesi where, exceptionally and importantly, societies developed independently of Indic ideas. South Sulawesi is unique in being the only region of maritime Southeast Asia where there are sufficient written and oral sources, often substantiated by archaeological data, to document the social evolution of its society from scattered, economically self-sufficient communities with ranked lineages practicing swidden agriculture to large political units (kingdoms) constructed around indigenous cultural and political concepts with economies based on wet-rice agriculture. This wealth of data provides us with a much more detailed picture of the emergence, development and support structures of early kingdoms than found in the models, which makes South Sulawesi of fundamental importance in understanding the social and economic evolution of pre-Indic influenced Austronesian societies in Maritime Southeast Asia.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.354-367
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• 2020

This study is on the consideration of the scope of application of art therapy and fractal through the review of literature at home and abroad. The complex system is the opposite of the Euclidean system, a concept suitable for understanding the contemporaries with ambiguous boundaries and decentralized phenomena. The self-similarity and inventiveness of fractal, the geometry of nature, is used as fractal art in art as well as tree trunk, cloud and plant, especially in art therapy, fractal is considered to be available in the field of mandala and neuroscience. From brain-based research to mandala, exposure to natural patterns, clinical diagnosis through fractal analysis and software development, fractal has potential elements that can be developed in art therapy. Fractal, which is easy to link with computers due to its nature, is a necessary study at this point when non-face-to-face contact with the Corona virus is recommended. Currently, research on fractal art therapy is insufficient in Korea. Therefore, this research is intended to present as a basis for scientific and objective diagnostic tools and treatment at clinical sites using art therapy using fractal.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.171-179
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• 2020

This study was attempted to identify the media preferences and the reasons of cancer patients. The data collection was conducted on 76 people. and they are 6 men, 70 women with 38 breast cancer patients, and 38 patients with other cancers. For measuring tools, self-written questionnaires and Mandala paintings were used for single-time art therapy. The data analysis compared the results of technical statistics, independence verification and chi verification using the SPSS WIN ver.25.0 with the Mandala painting. There were no significant differences in media preference by age and duration of the disease, and there were significant differences in media preference by disease. In the Mandala painting, the characteristics of the medium and the factors of specific disease showed that there were reasons and effects of preference media choice. This study is meaningful in that it concentrated on the art therapy access and support in terms of the cancer outpatients, which have been concentrated on inpatients so that they shed light to the support and intervention needed by the outpatients, and can be used as basic data for the development of art therapy programs to help stabilize the mind of cancer patients in the future.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.43-57
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• 2022

Purpose: This study discusses the phenomenon of the uncertain sustainability of SMEs in developing countries. SMEs face various challenges in the dynamics of a competitive environment, which threaten their growth and sustainability. This study aims to address a research gap between company's internal resources, in the form of absorptive capacity, and its business performance. By using product quality as a mediator, which has never been studied before, this research presents a novelty to answer the existing research gap using the Resource Based Theory (RBT) perspective. Research design, data and methodology: Using quantitative method, data are collected from 164 respondents, who are owners or managers of furniture manufacturing SMEs in Gerbangkertosusila Area, East Java, Indonesia. The data are analyzed using Partial Least Square (PLS) - Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Results: The findings show that absorptive capacity has a direct and significant effect on business performance and indirectly through product quality. Conclusion: Furniture manufacturing SMEs are advised to focus on developing absorptive capacity reflected in good product quality, in order to improve their business performance. This is especially important to survive the crisis caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. Thus, the results of this study contribute to the development of RBT, and there are several suggestions for further research.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.81-97
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• 1991

The purpose of this study is to present the archetype and archetypal forms of traditional Korean landscape patterns through investigating the landscape symbolism of the Bulguk-Sa. This study was performed mainly by both the review of written materials and case study through field surveys. My findings are as follows. Firstly, The decision of Bulguk-Sa site was greatly influenced by the religious backgrounds, the system of contemporary social values and thought at that time. Secondly, The landscape symbolism of the spatial structure based on the form of Mandala and Sumisan, which are parts of Buddhism. Finally, Among the many landscape composing elements, Sukga-Tap, Dabo-Tap, Gupumyoun-Gi and Bumyoung-Ru apparently reveal the symbolic meaning of Buddhism.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.302-310
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• 2011

Congestion management is one of the most challenging tasks of a system operator to ensure the operation of transmission system within operating limits. In this paper, cluster/zone method and relative electrical distance (RED) method for congestion management are compared based on the considered parameters. In the cluster/zone method, rescheduling of generation is based on user impact on congestion through the use of transmission congestion distribution factors. In the RED method, the desired proportions of generations for the desired overload relieving are obtained. Even after generation rescheduling, if congestion exists, load curtailment option is also introduced. Rescheduling cost, system cost, losses, and voltage stability parameter are also calculated and compared for the above two methods of congestion management. The results are illustrated on sample 6-bus, IEEE 30-bus, and Indian utility 69-bus systems.