• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.515-522
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• 2010

The purpose of this research was to construct an efficient management system in developing and supplying a 'management standard diagnostic table' for the improvement of chestnut cultivation farmhouse. 'Chestnut management standard diagnostic table' were based from the actual condition of chestnut management in Chungcheongnam-do, selected 'appraisal factor item and by consulting 'agricultural plant standard diagnostic table' and various kinds of data which had already been developed. This research also consulted the classification systems and degree of importance. The developed 'Chestnut management diagnostic table' consisted of 3 first classified items, 19 second classified items and 2 product indicator items.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.483-492
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• 2021

This study attempted to estimate the degree of management of oak mushroom farms in Chungcheongnam-do and to provide information to establish oak mushroom cultivation-related policies. The oak mushroom management standard diagnostic table consists of three major categories, growing condition, inoculation management, cultivation management and management administration, along with 20 subcategories. Thus, 209 households of oak mushroom farms were surveyed from 2015 to 2018 in Gongju, Cheongyang, Buyeo and Seochun in Chungcheongnam-do. The average score for the 20 subcategories was 71.5 points (representing a significant level), indicating that these areas have excellent management conditions. The analysis of the management performance indicators revealed a high number of indicators with scores of five or above. The total score was higher, and the amount per bed log and the rate of top-grade products in the total output were also higher, indicating a significant correlation. These findings will provide consulting services to oak mushroom growers as they highlight the correlation between the higher scores of indicators in the oak mushroom management standard diagnostic table and the management performance of farmers. We found that the scores of the indicators for management administration, such as management record and analysis and fund plan were relatively lower than those of other indicators. It is assumed that the owners aging has led to negligence in recording the details on incomes, expenditures, and work and lowered the willingness to make substantial profits. Therefore, it is essential to overcome these problems for profitable oak mushroom farming.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.473-482
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• 2021

In this study, we attempted to estimate the degree of management of chestnut forestry households in Chungcheongnam-do and to provide information for establishing chestnut cultivation-related policies. The chestnut management standard diagnostic table consists of three major categories, namely, management base, management and sales capacity, and production technology levels, along with 19 subcategories. A survey of 309 chestnut forestry households was conducted from 2014 to 2019 in Gongju, Cheongyang, and Buyeo in Chungcheongnam-do. The average score for the 19 subcategories was 65.7 points, indicating that these areas have excellent management conditions. When the total score was higher, the output per hectare and the rate of top-grade products in the total output were also higher, indicating a significant correlation. These findings will be useful for providing consulting services to chestnut growers as they highlight the correlation between the higher scores of the indicators in the chestnut management standard diagnostic table and the management performance of the farmers. We found that the scores of the indicators for management and sale skill, such as management record and analysis, material purchase, and direct transaction with consumers, were relatively lower than those of the indicators for management base and production skill. It is assumed that the chestnut growers aging has led to negligence in recording details on incomes, expenditures, and work and lowered the willingness to make substantial profits. Therefore, it is essential to overcome these problems for profitable chestnut farming.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.101 no.4
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• pp.695-702
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• 2012

The chestnut management standard diagnostic table is developed and would be utilized in order that a manager raising chestnuts checks where the own level of management is and grasps current state of own for the purpose of planning aims and advancing toward a higher level. The developed 'Chestnut management standard diagnostic table' consisted of 3 first classified items, 19 second classified items and 2 product indicator items by the chestnut experts consultative meeting. A survey of 212 farmhouses in 4 major producing area was conducted. Except invalid survey of 53 farmers, 159 farmhouses interviewed were used in analysis. Total score was calculated with sum of each item's score. According to the survey results, average score is 68.0 and Buyeo received the highest score of 69.7 and Suncheon received the lowest score of 61.8 by regional groups. The higher the group in score, the better it is in output per hectare. But the property of 'the ratio of the best products in total products' does not show a statistical correlation. Generally the score of 'management-based evaluation indicator part' and 'management and sale capacity indicator part' in Suncheon was low because of many elderly people. In part of 'manufacturing technology indicator' as Environmentally-Friendly production is progressed in over 70% of four regions, when comes to a disease and insect pest control there are rarely farmhouses having a way of crop dusting.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.104 no.3
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• pp.488-494
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• 2015

This study aims to develop and apply a standard management self-diagnostic table for forestry households to better manage their astringent persimmon production. The diagnostic table consisted of 3 categories (general status of a forestry household, management performance indicators, level of management) and 18 subcategories. The current management status across 241 households was surveyed among 10 chief astringent persimmon producing municipalities. Scores from the 18 subcategories were aggregated for a total score to evaluate and compare different levels of management. The respondents scored an overall average of 57.4, 62% of which were placed between 40 and 60. Upon close examination Chungcheongnam-do scored a very low score in the 'management system-tree height' subcategory with respect to the average score potentially because of the large population of aged trees in the region. The national average in the 'production skills-time of fruit load adjustment' subcategory was only 1.96 because unlike sweet persimmons astringent persimmons adjust their own load by inducing physiological fruit drop. The national average in the 'management/sales skills-material purchase' subcategory was 2.01; over 60% of the respondents indicated a preference for independent selection and purchase for most materials. The households preferring a group purchase tended to utilize the regional co-op.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.179-193
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• 2006

Technical efficiency of semiforcing watermelon growers is 0.8248 on average, and distributed between 0.6744 and 0.9268. The result showed that semiforcing watermelon growers had by 18% of technical inefficiency and could be assumed that increasing technical efficiency could induce watermelon production more increase. Consequently, if growers' technical efficiency were improved while other environments were constant, watermelon production could be increased. Following the results from the inefficiency effect model, all assumption coefficient such as growers age etc, are significant at 10% level. Estimate of dispersion parameter ${\gamma}$ is 0.89, which confirms those differences between practical output and frontier output were derived from the technical efficiencies among growers. Differences of production system between high and low level growers in production efficiency were showed at side altitude, ventilation and heat-retaining in section of facilities and automation, soil test and calcium application in section of environment management, transplant preparation and duration of pollination in section of crop management and shipment place, sorting degree and management record analysis in section of business management respectively. As a result of analyzing consulting data by using standard diagnosis table of watermelon cultivation under structure which cultivated on semi-forced watermelon growers, gap between high and low level growers was 7.0 points in facility automation section, 7.1 points in environment section, 8.8 points in crop management section and 13.6 points in business management section, respectively, which were the biggest one among them. In case of excluding information-related items from the evaluation index of business management section, changes of business achievement are to occur. Therefore, it is recommended for us to review the standard diagnostic table of watermelon cultivation under structure by dividing evaluation index of management section into management and information.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.103 no.4
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• pp.622-629
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• 2014

This study aims to develop a standard diagnostic table for mountain ginseng so that the cultivators not only can check their current level of management with the table, but also can understand and address operational challenges better by themselves utilizing the table. The standard diagnostic table consists of 3 categories and 18 subcategories to diagnose the general status of forestry households, the indicators of management performance and the level of management. To develop the table, the study conducted a survey on the actual condition of management, targeting 81 forestry households throughout 15 municipalities including Mu-ju, Jeollabukdo, and Ham-yang, Gyeongsangnamdo, all of which are the chief producing districts of mountain ginseng. Then, the study calculated total scores by regions by aggregating the scores of 18 subcategories, in order to evaluate and compare the management level among regions based on the scores. According to the result, the average score of 81 forestry households was 57.2 point-58% of which surveyed belonged to the range of 40-60 point. Compared by regions, the average score of Jeollabukdo regions was 52.9 point, the lowest, and that of Gyeongsangnamdo regions was 61.4 point, the highest. It is remarkable that among the indicators of management base, the average score of 'mounding (the height of mound)' item was recorded rather low with 1.59 point, reflecting the fact that the cultivators tend to raise mountain ginseng with no additional mounds. As for the indicators of production skills, the average score of the pest control item was remarkably low with 1.28 point. Over 90% of cultivators answered that they do not usually forecast or survey the pest disease in advance. Meanwhile, it is also noticeable that the item of sowing and planting methods, and the item of seed were both rather high, recording 4.00 and 4.47 point respectively. As for the item of management and sales skill, however, the score was rather low with 2.20 point, meaning that the forestry households still have a low interest in the business management.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.102 no.3
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• pp.390-397
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• 2013

The study, utilizing a data envelopment analysis (DEA) which is one of the nonparametric estimation methods, aims to evaluate the management efficiency of chestnut tree cultivators in such provinces in Chungchungnam-do as Cheong-yang, Gong-ju, Bu-yeo and so on. The analysis data of this study is based on inputs and outputs of 20 forestry households surveyed in the 2012 survey titled 'A Study on Current Level and Condition of Chestnut Cultivation and Management', which was conducted from March 2012 to October 2012. The elements of inputs are composed of management cost, harvesting cost, material cost, non-operation expenses and cultivation area, while the element of output is a gross margin only. Then the study analyzes a technical efficiency, a puretechnical efficiency and a scale efficiency using CCR and BCC model among DEA methods. Based on that, it also provides improvement methods for forestry households that turned out to be inefficient. In order to verify the result of DEA analysis, the study additionally compares a result of this efficiency study with that of chestnuts management standard diagnostic table. According to the result, the average value of technical efficiency analyzed was 0.667, proving to be inefficient in general. Given that the average value of pure-technical efficiency was 0.944 and that of scale efficiency was 0.703, it can be inferred that inefficiency exists in the field of scale, not in the field of cultivation techniques. As for forestry households with the efficiency score of 1, it is shown that there were 6 households that recorded 1 in the technical efficiency field and 13 households that recorded 1 in the pure technical efficiency. Meanwhile, there were 6 households that recorded 1 in all of the three aspects. In the comparison with the scores from chestnuts management standard diagnostic table, there were 5 households made a high score of over 80, among which are 3 households with score 1 in the technical efficiency. Also, the results of this study and the chestnuts management standard diagnostic table are proved to have the same result, both of them showing the same households that recorded the highest score and the lowest score. This means the management efficiency evaluation using DEA can be applied to the fieldwork along with the chestnuts management standard diagnostic table.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.102 no.2
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• pp.272-280
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• 2013

This study aims to develop a standard diagnostic table for management and administration that oak mushroom cultivators of forestry households can utilize. By diagnosing their current level of management with the table, the cultivators themselves will be able to grasp and address their operational challenges better. The table is composed of; questions on the status of forestry households; columns for a series of management performance indices, and; questionnaire with 4 categories and 20 subcategories to check the current level of management and administration by the households. In order to prepare the standard diagnostic table for oak mushroom management, 196 forestry households throughout 10 areas - Cheong-yang, Gong-ju, Bu-yeo and Seocheon in Chungcheongnam-do, Mun-kyung and Ye-cheon in Gyeongsangbuk-do, Jin-an in Jeollabuk-do, Jangheung and Jang-seong in Jeollanam-do, and Jeju Islands - were interviewed with and a total of 190 questionnaires were acquired and made use of in the result analysis. Then, the score on management level of each forestry household was determined in the way of aggregating scores from each subcategory. The overall average score of every household was calculated at 62.2 point with more than half of the respondents, 54.7%, belonging to the range of 60 to 80. When considered by regional groups, the average score of Jin-an was the lowest with 57.6 point while that of Jang-seong was the highest with 69.6 point. In case of the 'cultivation management' category, there were a lot of cultivators who expressed a negative awareness of the term 'pest control' because they had a tendency to think the term in connection with 'herbicides or pesticides'. So it is inevitable to adapt and modify existing groups and grades to make sure that the cultivators can make a right choice without confusing the concept 'pest control' with 'herbicides or pesticides'. Meanwhile, the average scores of 'management and administration' categories were mostly low. It was remarkable in these categories that forestry households in Jeolla province, which had remained in lower ranks in the other three categories, recorded higher scores than those in Chungcheong province, boasting a relatively high level of management and administration.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.66 no.5
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• pp.863-869
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• 2017

This paper is to enable electrical safety manager to have more objective evaluation on the safety by indicating quantitative values such as life-time and status quotient of daily visual inspection on private electrical equipments. Self-diagnosis table is recommended to apply such a evaluation efficiently according to the characteristics of each electrical equipments, and the managers's determination of the precise inspection, replacement etc. will be also possible through the standard selected by various domestic and foreign data with expert's advise for numerical evaluation. This circumstance will be able to establish the foundation to secure the soundness of electrical equipments.