• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.13 no.7
• /
• pp.229-238
• /
• 2015

This research is aimed to develop a National competency standards(NCS) as a method of job standardization, and then to be applicated as a baseline data on overall university curriculum by using the NCS. Study period is from June 21, 2014 to November 30, 2014. To accomplish the aims, a pool of researchers and experts like as industrial site experts, education training experts, and job analysis specialists was formed. Job title to be conducted in medical record is defined as medical information management and NCS was developed through deducing 12 competency unit, 43 competency unit elementary and competency unit each career during lifelong. And finally the developed standards proposal was completed to be NCS after verification by on-the-spot specialists.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.203-209
• /
• 2015

The heat detector detects heat in the fire and is an important core element of the automatic fire alarm system used generally for every fire prevention objects. The heat detector is distinguished in spot type and spread type and in spot type, there are differential and thermistor types. These heat detectors give a great influence on the loss of people and property according to the sensitivity of response such as operation time and operation temperature in actual fire and in overseas people apply it for the development of products that can be operated in the early stage of fire including certification, quality management, and comparison standard by introducing response time index through the theory of heat balance that considers the heat loss and ventilation tests. In Korea, the response time index is introduced and used in the head of sprinkler products, but it is not applied to the heat detector at present. It is necessary to introduce the response time index that shows the sensitivity of response of the heat detector the installation standard for the heat detector that the response time index is applied should be different according to the fire weight, danger degree of fire, and shape of buildings. Through this study, it tries to help reduce lives and property of people through the swift warning by installing detectors suitable for the building structure.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.146-154
• /
• 2016

In this study, understanding the habitats on spot-billed duck that wintering-breed in the korea, which using the GPS-Mobile based Telemtry (WT-200), I tried to take advantage as the basic data of the protection and management of the habitats of the waterbirds of Korea. Study area is Gyeonggi-do Bokhacheon, Chonmichon, Chungcheongnam-do Gokugyochon, Chungcheongbuk-do Byeongcheoncheon, Jeollabuk-do Mangyunggang, which Five rivers and Jeju Island reservoir, I have attached the tracking of the location(WT -200) to the twenty-five spot-billed ducks. among twenty five ducks, twelve ducks moved to overseas countries, the arrival site was China, North Korea, Russia. Moving average distance was 683km, the largest distance was 1,238km. The average northbound starting date was April 26. The average daily movement distance of thirteen ducks remaining in the domestic country is $1.0{\pm}0.89km$, maximum travel distance was 23.8km. The average daily movement distance of wintering prior to average going north dating is a 0.9km, is the largest 14.6km, the breeding season is an average 1.3km, maximum was 14.4km. Spot-billed duck used the rivers in domestic country most frequently, following was rice field, a filed, reservoir. It used the river most frequently during the wintering period, in the breeding season it used paddy paddies most frequently. While wintering, during the day and night's utilization rate was the highest in the river, but utilization rate was incleased on filed, paddy filed at night. During breeding season, daytime and night's utilization rate was the highest but, utilization rate was increased on river and utilization rate was decreased on river. In accordance with time change, spot-billed duck showed different tendency in paddy fields, and they utilized the filed adjacent to rivers mostly.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
• /
• v.27 no.7
• /
• pp.829-836
• /
• 2003

Understanding of heat generation in semiconductor devices is important in the thermal management of integrated circuits and in the analysis of the device physics. Scanning thermal microscope was used to measure the temperature and the electric potential distribution on the cross-section of an operating metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET). The temperature distributions were measured both in DC and AC modes in order to take account of the leakage current. The measurement results showed that as the drain bias was increased the hot spot moved to the drain. The density of the iso-potential lines near the drain increased with the increase in the drain bias.

• Current Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.6 no.5
• /
• pp.473-478
• /
• 2022

To overcome the capture-range problem in phase-diversity phase retrieval (PDPR), a geometrical-optics initial-estimate method is proposed to avoid a local minimum and to improve the accuracy of laser-wavefront measurement. We calculate the low-order aberrations through the geometrical-optics model, which is based on the two spot images in the propagation path of the laser, and provide it as a starting guess for the PDPR algorithm. Simulations show that this improves the accuracy of wavefront recovery by 62.17% compared to other initial values, and the iteration time with our method is reduced by 28.96%. That is, this approach can solve the capture-range problem.

• Proceedings of The Korean Society of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology Conference
• /
• 2001.06a
• /
• pp.43-48
• /
• 2001

Many applications in the areas of agricultural, hydrological and environmental resource management require data over very large areas and with a high imaging frequency - monitoring crop growth, water stress, seasonal wetland flooding and natural vegetation development. This precludes the use of fine resolution data (Landsat, Spot) on the grounds of cost, accessibility and low imaging frequency. Meteorological satellites have the potential to fill this need, given their very wide spatial coverage, and high repeat imaging. The Remote Sensing Unit (RSU) at the Zambia Meteorological Department routinely receives, processes and archives imagery from both Meteosat and NOAA AVHRR satellites. Here I wish to present some examples of applications of these data sets that arise from the RSU work - relationships between rainfall and vegetation development as assessed by satellite, derived information and seasonal patterns of flooding in the Barotse floodplain and the Kafue flats. I also wish to outline ways in which a more widespread use of this data by the Zambian institutions canbe achieved.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.57-66
• /
• 2002

The local storm occurred Nakdong river basin from August 4 to 11 of the year 2002, resulting in a record 500-600mm rainfall. The heavy rain continued for more than 10 days and especially between 3 to 4 am of August 9, 50mm per hour local storm occurred in Hanrim-myun area, Kimhae. 8 days after the storm, the water level of Nakdong river rose rapidly and the river flowed backward the branches. T he draining of the protected low wetland was unable and the water level of the inner bank area rose suddenly, causing the inundation in several areas. Baeksan bank of Nam river, Gahyun(Samhak) bank of Hwang river, and Kwangam bank of Shinban river, where the draining facilities were under construction or constructed recently, were failed by the piping around the draining culvert. This study analyze the cause of the damage in Nakdong river banks and suggests the countermeasures for future improvement. The damaged spot of the river bank was surveyed, and the rainfall and the fluctuation in the water levels were reviewed. Finally for the flood inundation prevention at the inner bank area, new floodplain management plan as the protect of low wetland established.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• v.38 no.3
• /
• pp.182-193
• /
• 2022

Turfgrass, the most widely grown ornamental crop, is severely affected by fungal pathogens including Sclerotinia homoeocarpa, Rhizoctonia solani, and Magnaporthe poae. At present, turfgrass fungal disease management predominantly relies on synthetic fungicide treatments. However, the extensive application of fungicides to the soil increases residual detection frequency, raising concerns for the environment and human health. The bacterial volatile compound, 2,3-butanediol (BDO), was found to induce plant resistance. In this study, we evaluated the disease control efficacy of a combination of stereoisomers of 2,3-BDO and commercial fungicides against turfgrass fungal diseases in both growth room and fields. In the growth room experiment, the combination of 0.9% 2R,3R-BDO (levo) soluble liquid (SL) formulation and 9% 2R,3S-BDO (meso) SL with half concentration of fungicides significantly increased the disease control efficacy against dollar spot and summer patch disease when compared to the half concentration of fungicide alone. In field experiments, the disease control efficiency of levo 0.9% and meso 9% SL, in combination with a fungicide, was confirmed against dollar spot and large patch disease. Additionally, the induction of defense-related genes involved in the salicylic acid and jasmonic acid/ethylene signaling pathways and reactive oxygen species detoxification-related genes under Clarireedia sp. infection was confirmed with levo 0.9% and meso 9% SL treatment in creeping bentgrass. Our findings suggest that 2,3-BDO isomer formulations can be combined with chemical fungicides as a new integrated tool to control Clarireedia sp. infection in turfgrass, thereby reducing the use of chemical fungicides.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
• /
• v.40 no.5
• /
• pp.337-343
• /
• 2016

The core decisions of bulk shipping businesses can be summarized as the timing and the choice of period for which carrying capacity is traded. In particular, frequent decisions to trade freight either with repeated spot transactions or with a one-off long-term deal critically impact business performance. Even though a variety of freight trading strategies can be employed to facilitate the decisions, chartering practitioners have not been active in utilizing these strategies, and academic research has rarely proposed applicable solutions. The specific properties of freight as a tradable commodity are not properly reflected in existing studies, and limitations have been reported in their application to the real world. This research focused on the establishment of applicable freight trading strategies by taking into account two properties of freight: time perishability and term-dependant pricing. In addition to traditional trading strategies, artificial neural networks were applied for the first time to the test of freight trading strategies. The performances of the trading strategies were measured and compared to produce a remarkable outperformance of the ANN. This research is expected to make a significant contribution to chartering practices by enhancing the quality of chartering decisions and eventually enabling the effective management of freight rate risk. In addition to methodological expansion, the result will propose a way to approach the controversial issue of freight market efficiency.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• v.33 no.6
• /
• pp.589-596
• /
• 2017

Chemical management of dollar spot in turf may lead to the development of Sclerotinia homoeocarpa populations with reduced fungicide sensitivity. The objective of this study was to investigate resistance of S. homoeocarpa isolates to triazole fungicides and to test cross-resistance among three triazole fungicides. A total of 66 isolates of S. homoeocarpa were collected from 15 golf courses across Korea, and tested via in vitro sensitivity assay against hexaconazole, propiconazole and tebuconazole. $EC_{50}$ values of the isolates to these fungicides were distributed in the range of $0.001-1.1\;a.\;i.\;{\mu}g\;ml^{-1}$. Based on the $EC_{50}$ values, twelve representative strains were selected as sensitive isolates including control and insensitive isolates with respect to each fungicide. At a concentration of $0.1\;a.\;i.\;{\mu}g\;ml^{-1}$ for all fungicides, the selected strains were distinguished as sensitive or resistant isolates with the mycelial growth inhibition rate of 50% as the criterion. The $EC_{50}$ values of resistant strains exposed to hexaconazole, propiconazole and tebuconazole were 20-50 times, 50-70 times, and 77 times greater, respectively, than that of the control strains. Two isolates of S. homoeocarpa S0-41 and Sh14-2-1 showed sensitivity toward all the fungicides used, while two other isolates Sh7-5-1 and Sh2-1-1 showed resistance to all fungicides. Each isolate showed similar resistance to the three types of triazole fungicides, whereby cross-resistance of isolates was confirmed in the present study; all three triazole fungicide combinations displayed significant correlation coefficients equivalent to or greater than 0.8.