• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.17-28
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• 2024

In order to achieve the management goals (30by30) mandated by the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, this study established the site-level assessment criteria for OECMs, tailored to domestic circumstances using the Delphi analysis. Subsequently, a site-level assessment was conducted on the National Gariwangsan Natural Recreation Forest. As a result of the study, the initial step involved presenting criteria for the site-level assessment of OECMs, with 'consent for the assessment and recognition of OECM by competent and management authority' proposed as a prerequisite. Subsequently, seven evaluation criteria were established, including 'other than a legally protected area', 'spatially separated area with defined boundaries', 'effective in-situ conservation of biodiversity', 'sustainable management based on the competent and management authority', 'long-term sustainability of conservation outcomes', and 'provision of ecosystem services'. The results of applying site-level assessment criteria to the National Gariwangsan Natural Recreation Forest indicate that six criteria were met, while one criterion (sustainable management based on the competent and management authority) requires further improvement. Specifically, the key competent and management authorities for the National Gariwangsan Natural Recreation Forest are the Korea Forest Service and the National Natural Recreation Forest Management Office, with competent and management organizations established. However, the management focus is primarily on providing forest recreation services centered on users and facilities, making it difficult to confirm the long-term biodiversity conservation plans and implementation by the competent and management authorities. Therefore, it is deemed necessary to improve the long-term biodiversity conservation plans and implementation for the recognition of the National Gariwangsan Natural Recreation Forest as an OECM.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.90 no.5
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• pp.619-631
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• 2001

Since the development of a new paradigm of sustainable forest management, concerns have been focused on how the sustainability of forests will be assessed and measured objectively. This study examined the conceptual displacement on what is sustainability of forests, and analyzed the progress made by international and regional initiatives on criteria and indicators for sustainable forest management in terms of comparability and compatibility. Regarding data availability and applicability of criteria and indicators for sustainable forest management, the data reports gathered from Montreal Process member countries were analyzed. Within this context, Korean case were examined, using all possible existing information sources such as Forest Statistics, on 6 items of concepts of criteria and indicators, degree of difficulties, measurement units, data availabilities, problems and needs of future improvements for data gathering. The study also analyzed the applicability of criteria and indicators for sustainable forest management.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.206-216
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• 2022

This study sought to examine the sustainability criteria found in the global sourcing practices of global fashion retailers. Sustainable supply chain management, with a particular focus on the sustainability criteria of global sourcing, was analyzed. This qualitative study was based on a focus group interview and corporate social responsibility (CSR) annual reports. Eight master categories, 18 middle categories, and 37 bottom categories were extracted. The key categories and their middle categories were as follows: (1) Social compliance (working conditions, employment, safety); (2) Environment concerns (environmental pollution management, eco-friendly production, supply chain environment); (3) Energy efficiency (energy saving program, store environment); (4) Consumer protection (restricted substances management, consumer product safety improvement); (5) Management system (code of conduct, triangle audit system); (6) Community social activities (local community service, voluntary activities, charitable activities); (7) External stakeholder engagement (media & non-governmental organization management, maintenance of relationship with local authority); (8) Brand protection (respect for companies' intellectual property). The findings of this study offer academically significant insights into the sustainability criteria that can be encountered by companies under diverse global sourcing scenarios, revealing that global sourcing by fashion retailers is not merely a means of reducing costs, but a way of generating new jobs and making a social contribution to developing countries. The study's findings also have practical significance, offering guidelines for general CSR activities in the global sourcing process.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.181-188
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• 2010

The research presents the implementation and improvement strategies of scientific methodologies and techniques in the audit criteria of KS certification. The paper discusses the establishment of management strategy and quality policy by the alignment of BSC or policy deployment, the effective handling methodologies of control plan based on SPC, and the traceability of calibration uncertainty and MSA, etc.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.12 no.2 s.29
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• pp.18-38
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• 2006

We studied franchisees’ answers to the questionnaires to know their selective motives and criteria, their types and the reliability of a franchisor in the food-service industry. Then we showed the basic data about the selective criteria of a sound franchisor. The result of this study was as follows. First, we need a specialist and a department to present a financially sound franchisor. Second, we must determine the criteria of franchise fee, royalty and the other items on payment for the franchisor. Third, the alternative plan to trust the franchisor was needed for a large-scale franchisee.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.16-23
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• 2016

The use of inappropriate procurement methods to deliver construction projects has long been acknowledged as a major source of poor project performance and is particularly problematic for the Libyan Construction Industry. Poor procurement method selection has been recognised as a major contributory factor to frequent time and cost overruns. This paper offers a way of selecting specific procurement methods to maximize successful project performance. The methodology involves an intensive review of relevant literature, followed by a semi-structured questionnaire survey. The key findings of the study reveal that 11 out of its 12 common selection criteria exhibit a significant contribution to one or more project performance criteria (time, cost and quality). Project clients should therefore prioritise these criteria when selecting a design-bid-build method. Knowledge of the criteria that contribute positively to project performance will also enable clients to work out, prior to and during construction, the best measures and provisions for successful project outcomes.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.145-153
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• 2010

With the recent acceleration in the adoption of IT in industries, converged Construction-IT has been drawing attention as a new market driver in the IT fusion industry. Despite the simultaneous implementation of U-Cities all over Korea in a manner suiting each city's own attributes, Technical Criteria to build an optimized IT-infrastructure have not yet been prepared. To solve this problem, a standard for U-City construction should be prepared. This research, therefore, draw sample contents in order to establish and verify the criteria for U-City construction. The findings are expected to be meaningful, in that they would serve as significant data for establishing the criteria for future U-City construction.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.73-85
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• 2001

Recently increasing amount of efforts has been devoted to the improvement of logistics in the marine products industry. Yet, few studios have been conducted on the development of site selection models of marine products centers. This paper Proposes a systematic assessment model for the decision making, which is composed of a set of evaluation criteria and an appropriate evaluation method. In choosing criteria we consider completeness and comprehensiveness to reach a right solution. For more flexibility of the model in the future, this study proposes two sets of criteria according to the size of planned centers. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is adopted in this study, since the criteria incorporate both subjective factors and objective factors and the AHP is known effective in the situation. This study then illustrates the model application with plausible alternatives. Finally, a dependency problem in the decision criteria is discussed and the Analytic Network Process (ANP) is recommended, in the context, as e solution method.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.87-99
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to find out criteria for classifying fashion brand from the consumer point of view. This was compared with the viewpoint of fashion business practice in order to develop strategy of fashion brands and to manage brand effectively and systematically, and to suggest theoretical frame for application of these criteria. This study was researched as the succeeding study of a model of criteria for classifying fashion brands from the viewpoint of fashion business practice. Survey was used as a research method. The subjects were 422 women who were 20-30 years old and living in and near Seoul. Questionnaires were developed based on 37 fashion brands' classification criteria by means of pre-survey, and SPSS package and LISREL program were used to analyze the data. As a result of factor analysis considering 37 classification criteria, 8 factors were identified as classification criteria. They were as follows; the level of brand form, the level of product concept, the level of management item, the level of brand sales ability, the level of customer management, the level of brand advertising and awareness, the level of brand value, and the level of product lead ability. All of criteria were correlated to each other. The effective method to classify fashion brands was proposed by establishing the model of the relationship of the values of 7 criteria and by proving it with the structure equation model analysis. The model of criteria for classifying fashion brands that was suggested on this study was proved by the structure equation model analysis. In this study, from a consumer's point of view we suggested a theoretical framework describing which criteria would be selected to classify and utilize fashion brand market. This model can be used to select the most efficient classification criteria and classify them hierarchically instead of selecting only one among some factors that complex and interactional and classifying.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.125-135
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• 2024

Purpose: The updated ROME IV criteria for functional constipation (FC) in children were published in 2016. However, information on the use of these criteria is scarce. This study aimed to report the frequency of the use of the ROME IV criteria by Indonesian pediatricians and general practitioners (GPs) in FC management in infants and toddlers. Methods: An anonymous cross-sectional online survey was conducted between November 2021 and March 2022. Results: A total of 248 respondents (183 pediatricians and 65 GPs) from 24 Indonesian provinces completed the survey. Most respondents reported an estimated prevalence of FC to be less than 5% both in infants and toddlers. On average, only 64.6% of respondents frequently used the ROME IV criteria. Pediatricians used the ROME IV criteria more often than GPs did (p<0.001). The most frequently used criteria were painful or hard bowel movements (75.0%) and ≤2 defecations/week (71.4%). Lactulose as a laxative was the preferred treatment choice, followed by changing the standard formula to a specific nutritional formula. Most of the respondents carried out parenteral reassurance and education. Normal growth, as a marker of good digestion and absorption function, and normal stool consistency and frequency were the most reported indicators of gut health. Conclusion: The ROME IV criteria for functional constipation are not extensively used by pediatricians and GPs in Indonesia. Laxatives and specific nutritional formulas were the most used management approaches in infants and toddlers. Medical education, especially for general practitioners, should be updated.