• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.816-831
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• 1998

Bony fixation of implants during the early phase of healing is important in order to get secondary stability of the implant assuring the success of the treatment. Because the successful placement of the implant is limited by the quality and quantity of bone, other agents which stimulate bone formation in the peri-implant spaces has been illustrated. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) has been shown to regulate DNA and protein synthesis in bone cells in vitro and to interact synergistically to enhance soft tissue wound healing in vivo. The purpose of this study was to evaluate bone promotion around implants which were augmented with sagittal split osteotomy or autogenous veneer bone graft using the platelet derived growth factor(PDGF). After placement of newly designed twenty four screw-type implants, which were 12mm in length and 4mm in diameter in 6 dogs. $4{\mu}g$ of PDGF B/B was applied with surgicel carriers. The dogs were sacrificed at 3 days, 1, 2, 3, 6, and 12 weeks after implantation. Specimens were examined clinically, radiographically, histologically, and histomorphometrically. The results were as follows: 1. Clinically and radiologically, there was no significant difference in bone formation and healing pattern between experimental and control group. 2. In autogenous veneer bone graft group, bone formation was observed at 1st week in the experimental groups but 2nd week in the control groups. At 3rd week, the expeimental groups showed more bone formation comparing to the control groups. 3. In sagittal split osteotomy group, bone formation was observed at 1st week in both groups. But the experimental groups showed more bone formation comparing to the control groups after 2nd week. 4. The bone growth rate of experimental group was more rapid than that of control group. These results indicated that PDGF did not affect the initiation of new bone formation, but it accelerated the bone formation at the early period.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.31-35
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• 2002

생쥐에서 페르몬으로 알려진 소수성의 분자와 결합하는 major urinary proteins(MUPs)는 부분적으로 성장 호르몬(GH)의 조절을 받는다. 본 연구에서는 MT-GRF로 형질전환되어 성장호르몬이 증가된 생쥐에서 MUP의 발현을 조사하였다. 이 MT-GRF로 형질전환된 생쥐의 소변에서 MUP이 대조군보다 심하게 저하되어 나타났고, 암컷보다 수컷에서 더 저하되어 나타났다. 또한 MT-GRF를 근육에 주사한 생쥐에서도 MUP는 저하되어 나타났다. 부가하여, MT-GRF로 형질전환시킨 생쥐의 소변에서 전기영동상에서 albumin과 동일하게 이동하는 고분자의 단백질이 다량으로 관찰되었는데 신장의 사구체 여과가 손상되었음을 암시하고 있다. 이 혈장 단백질의 손실도 암컷보다 수컷에서 심하게 나타났다. 결과적으로 GRF의 과다생성은 성별에 차별화된 영향을 미치면서 GH로 형질전환된 동물모델에서 관찰되는 MUP의 발현과 사구체 기능의 변화를 동일하게 유발하고 있었다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제45권10호
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• pp.45-57
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• 2007

The causes of indebted overspending were investigated by examining household expenditure patterns using the data from the 2002 Family Expenditure Survey. The five major expenditure categories were identified by factor analysis, and the six types of indebted overspending were clustered. About 28% of the indebted overspending was done out of necessity, and food, utilities, housing, and health care accounted for about 42% of the household expenditure. Luxury spending accounted for about 25% of the overspending by indebted households who spent about 24% of the household expenditure on clothing, entertainment, and private education. Cars (22%) and education (20%) were found to be other major causes of indebted overspending. Paying off debt and durable purchases were identified as the major causes of indebted overspending, but had a low frequency. Finally, the financial status of the four major types of indebted overspending households was evaluated.

• 대한화상학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.25-29
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• 2019

Purpose: This study was performed to investigate the effect of plasma lactate clearance as predictive factor of major burn patients. Methods: A retrospective review was performed on 119 patients from January 2014 to December 2018, who were admitted as severe burn patients to ICU unit. Plasma lactate was measured upon admission to the hospital and 24hrs after admission. And, hospital day, ICU day, TBSA (Total Body Surface Area) and numbers of surgical intervention were collected after admission. Results: Higher lactate clearance showed negative statistical correlation with survival, hospital day, ICU day & number of surgical interventions. Conclusion: In this study, 24hr lactate clearance might be used as predictor of clinical prognosis following major burn injury.

• 한국건설관리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건설관리학회 2007년도 정기학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.718-721
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• 2007

Construction schedule plays a key role in project management due to its influence on the project success. Thus, it is important to identify factors affecting construction delay. The major objective of this study is to identify and evaluate factors affecting construction delay in apartment projects in Vietnam. The findings confirmed that financial difficulties of owners and contractors, contractors without adequate experience, non-available materials on time, slow site clearance, inappropriate construction methods, defective works and reworks, and lack of capable owners/project managers are the major causes of delay in apartment projects.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 1987년도 제6회 학술강연회초록집
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• pp.1-27
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• 1987

1. Gasoline engine sludge is a major worldwide problem 2. U.S. and European sludge have similarities 3. Stop-go driving and longer oil drains make the problem worse 4. Fuel is a major influencing factor 5. Increased use of cracked components may be cause 6. Sludge can be peproduced in controlled field tests 7. Daimler benz M102E and ford PV-2 (VE) tests have been developed to overcome problem by higher oil quality 8. The M102E and PV-2 respond in a similar way to increased dispersancy 9. High dispersant ocp viscosity modifiers appear to have unique adbantage in both tests

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.1008-1019
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• 2020

본 연구는 학점은행제 체육학전공 학습자의 사회적지지가 전공만족 및 학습지속의향에 미치는 영향을 규명하여 학점은행제의 체육학 전공자들의 중도탈락을 방지하고 효과적인 운영 방안을 모색하고자 하는데 연구의 목적이 있다. 연구방법은 학점은행제 체육학전공에 학습자를 대상으로 서울의 학점은행제 3곳을 선정하여 총 118부(90.8%)를 유효 표본으로 사용하였다. 조사도구의 타당도와 신뢰도 검증을 위해 확인적 요인분석과 집중타당도, 판별타당도, 평균분산추출(AVE), 개념신뢰도, Cronbach's α 계수를 검증하였다. 자료처리방법은 IBM SPSS statistics 21과 IBM AMOS 21을 이용하여 빈도분석, 확인적 요인분석, 집중타당도, 판별타당도, Cronbach's α 계수 산출을 통한 신뢰도분석(reliability analysis), 상관관계분석(correlation analysis), 구조방정식모형(SEM) 검증을 실시하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 학점은행제 체육학전공 학습자의 교수의 사회적지지와 전공만족 및 학습지속의향의 관계를 분석하기 연구모형의 적합도 검증한 결과 기준을 충족하였다. 둘째, 가설 1의 검증 결과, 학점은행제 체육학전공 학습자의 교수의 사회적지지는 전공만족에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 가설 2의 검증 결과, 학점은행제 체육학전공 학습자의 교수의 사회적지지는 학습지속의향에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 가설 3의 검증 결과, 전공만족은 학습지속의향에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.127-134
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• 2018

Arteriosclerosis is the major cause of coronary artery and cerebrovascular disease, which are leading causes of death. Pro-inflammatory cytokines induce injury to vascular endothelial cells by increasing cell adhesion molecules, leading to vascular inflammation, a major risk factor for the development of arteriosclerosis. In the current study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of enzymatic hydrolysate from Japanese mud shrimp Upogebia major on the inflammation of tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ ($TNF-{\alpha}$)-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). We first evaluated the antioxidant and angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activities of eight U. major enzymatic hydrolysates: alcalase, papain, ${\alpha}$-chymotrypsin (${\alpha}-Chy$), trypsin, pepsin, neutrase, protamex and flavourzyme. Of these, ${\alpha}-Chy$ exhibited potent antioxidant and ACE inhibitory activities. The ${\alpha}-Chy$ hydrolysate was fractionated by two ultrafiltration membranes of 3 and 10 kDa. The ${\alpha}-Chy$ hydrolysate of U. major and its molecular weight cut-off fractions resulted in a significant reduction in NO production and a decrease in cell adhesion molecules [vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and endothelial-selectin (E-selectin)] and pro-inflammatory cytokines [interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1)] in $TNF-{\alpha}$-stimulated HUVECs. These results suggest that enzymatic hydrolysate from U. major can be used in the control and prevention of vascular inflammation and arteriosclerosis.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.131-141
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• 2007

This paper identifies the productivity in the Global Air Transport Industry for the period of 1995-2001 by testing the Total Factor Productivity with tonqvist method. Based on panel data from 20 major international airline corporations which formed global strategic alliances, we find alliances make a considerably significant contribution to productivity increases. We also find that total factor productivity rate changed surprisingly in Air Transport Industry between pre- and post-Asian financial crisis period.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.1410-1415
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• 2000

This paper introduces the experimental analysis of the resonator in the rolling piston type compressor for air conditioner. The resonator located between cylinder and bearing is a major factor in the noise reduction of the rotary compressor. Several shapes for the resonator which can be built in the space limitations are derived. Then optimal resonator type for the noise reduction is determined by noise tests. 6 design parameters of the type are found and optimal level for each design factor is deduced from Taguchi method.