• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제19권spc호
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• pp.6-8
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• 2011

In order to produce the organic foods in accord with international standard, organic seeds should be used in organic farming. This study was conducted to establish the stable production of organic seed of waxy com by examining the growing characteristics, seed yield, and the economy for seed production by organic farming. The optimal sowing timing for organic seed production of waxy com hybrid was within 10 days of the $1^{st}$ of May with yield of 88~90% of conventional seed production. The optimal planting density was 41,600 plants/ha ($80{\times}30$ cm) for organic seed production of waxy com. The weight of 100 seeds and seed productivity increased at the planting ratio of 2:1 mother plant:male plant. Growth and seed production were improved by removing male plant at 7~10 days after silking. Organic fertilizer (mixed oil cake) was applied at a rate of 4~6 Mg/ha before sowing. Black plastic mulching was used for weed control. In addition, sex pheromone trap and bio-control agents were used for safe pest control and low labour cost.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권11호
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• pp.1592-1598
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• 2008

An experiment was carried out to study the effect of cattle slurry on maize fodder (Zea mays) production. Maize fodder was produced at 4 cattle slurry levels $T_0$ (0 ton/ha), $T_1$ (10 ton/ha), $T_2$ (12 ton/ha) and $T_3$ (14 ton/ha) in a randomized block design. Agronomic characteristics, plant heights, circumference of stems, number of leaves, leaf area and dry matter yield of maize fodder were measured. Maize plant height and stem circumference were significantly (p<0.01) influenced by the increasing rate of cattle slurry at 15, 30, 45 and 56 days after sowing. Number of leaves of fodder plants was not significant but leaf area was significant (p<0.05) among the treatment groups. The highest biomass yield (p<0.01) of maize fodder was observed in $T_2$ (44.0 ton/ha). For crude protein content, a significant difference (p<0.01) was observed in the treatment groups and the highest value was observed in $T_2$ (11.99%). Organic matter content of maize fodder showed a significant difference but ash, ADF and NDF contents showed no significant differences among treatment groups. From this study it may be concluded that the application of 12 tons of cattle slurry/ha was optimal for production of biomass and nutrient content of maize fodder.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.298-303
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 발아 후 2일된 옥수수 유식물의 뿌리 생장에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 5 mM에서 30 mM에 이르는 CsCl을 처리하였을 때 옥수수 뿌리와 자엽초 마디 위쪽 shoot의 생중량이 감소하였다. 뿌리의 길이 생장도 역시 동일한 농도 범위의 CsCl에 의하여 감소하였는데 CsCl을 처리할 때 60 mM의 KCl을 함께 처리하면 CsCl에 의하여 감소되었던 신장 생장이 일부 회복되었다. CsCl과 KCl의 관계를 Lineweaver-Burk plot으로 분석한 결과 10 mM - 30 mM CsCl은 KCl과 경쟁 관계에 있는 것으로 나타났지만 5 mM CsCl은 경쟁관계에서 벗어나는 것으로 나타나 주변의 CsCl 농도에 따라 KCl의 작용 모드가 다른 또 하나의 메커니즘이 존재하는 것으로 사료되었다. CsCl의 농도에 따라서 KCl과의 상호작용 모드가 달라지는 현상은 CsCl에 의하여 유도되는 옥수수뿌리 정단 하부의 횡축 팽창에서도 관찰되었다. 또한, CsCl은 10 mM 이상에서 농도 증가에 비례하여 $K^+$ transporter인 ZmKUP1의 발현을 유도하였지만 5 mM CsCl의 ZmKUP1 발현 효과는 뚜렷하게 관찰되지 않았다. 한편, CsCl 존재 하에서도 근단 분열 조직의 수축은 관찰되지 않았다. 종합하면, 외부에서 처리된 CsCl은 2일된 옥수수 유식물의 뿌리의 생중량과 신장을 감소시켰으며 정단 하부의 횡축 팽창을 유도하고 ZmKUP1의 발현을 촉진하였다. 그러나 근단 분열조직의 수축은 없었으므로 CsCl의 효과는 주로 세포 팽창과 관련되는 것으로 판단되며 $Cs^+$와 $K^+$의 경쟁 및 비경쟁적 상호작용을 모두 포함하는 복합적인 메커니즘이 존재하는 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제65권2호
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• pp.104-112
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• 2020

본 실험은 옥수수(B73)에서 습해에 대한 생육 특성 변화와 습해 관련 유전자 발현 양상을 조사하여 내습성 옥수수 마커 개발을 위한 기초자료로 활용하고자 수행되었다. 1. 침수 처리구에서 초장(21.3%), 근장(50.6%), 잎 및 뿌리의 무게(21.6%), 잎의 SPAD 값(55.7%) 및 엽록소 함량(35.3%)은 감소하였고, 뿌리의 ROS의 함량은 2시간까지 46.5% 증가하다가 6시간 후에는 차이가 발생하지 않았다. 2. 뿌리 두께가 대조구에 비해 습해 처리구에서 2.5배이상 증가하였고, 뿌리 피층에 다수의 통기조직이 형성되었다. 3. 통기조직 형성(EXP1)과 에틸렌 생합성에 관련된 유전자(EREBP105) 등 습해 관련 유전자 7개가 습해 처리구에서 2.5배 이상 발현이 증가되는 것을 Microarray 분석을 통해 선별하고 RT-PCR을 통해 확인하였다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.116-122
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• 2002

Dehydrins (LEA Dll proteins) are one of the typical families of plant proteins that accumulate in response to dehydration, cold stress, abscisic acid, or during seed maturation. A 1.3-kb cDNA was cloned from a cDNA expression library of 5-day-old germinating maize scutellums under drought stress. The deduced protein sequence indicated a dehydrin gene encoding SK$_3$ LEA protein typically expressed during cold acclimation, but not by drought stress in barley and wheat. Thus, it was named maize DEHYDRIN2 (ZmDhn2). It accumulates rapidly and highly in drought-stressed scutellum and leaf tissues at any stage, but not under cold stress. ZmDhn2 gene was transformed into Arabidopsis thaliana for functional analysis under drought condition. From electrolyte leakage test, no significant difference showed between wild type and transformants under normal growth condition, but the leakage level of electrolyte in wild type plants was about 3 times as high as that in the transformed plants under drought stress. It suggests that ZmDHN2 playa role in increasing drought tolerance.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.16-23
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• 1987

다수다얼성 옥수수의 동위효소 특성을 구명하고 자얼성성 품종을 비교하여 생육단계에 따라 여러 조직을 6％ polyaclamide gel을 사용 peroxidase와 esterase 동위효소 패턴을 관찰하였던 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 성숙한 옥수수의 엽, 간, 업소. 근 및 미숙종자의 조직에서 독특한 peroxidase의 동위효소의 존재가 확인되었다. 2. 암조건에서 7일간 자란 다수다얼성 계통의 중심주와 초엽조직은 peroxidase 도위효소의 차이를 나타내는데 효과적이었다. 3. Esterase의 동위효소에 대한 활성은 양친의 경위가 그들의 교잡종보다. 밴드수나 활성이 높았다. 4. Esterase에 대한 밴드는 암조건인 7 일 유묘상태의 중심주, 초엽, 미숙종자에서 뚜렸한 차이가 있었다. 5. 효과적인 동위효소 관찰을 위해서는 성묘보다는 유묘조직이 유리하게 보였다. 6. 흑조위축병에 감염된 옥수수 잎은 PX나 EST 동위효소에서 모두 뚜렷한 차이를 보였다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.55-55
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• 2022

Purple com Saekso 1 was developed by Maize Research Institute (Hongcheon, Gangwon, Korea) and registered in 2011. Saekso 1 is a anthocyanin-rich hybrid variety that is yellow grain, purple husk and cob. Purple husk and cob of Saekso 1 is as a resource for the bioactive material by health food. In order to investigate optimum sowing date and planting density of Saekso 1. Agronomic characteristics were compared by sowing times April 25, May 15 and June 5. Husk dry weight were 68,72 and 70kg·10a-1, respectively. Cob dry weight were 90, 92 and 92kg·10a-1, respectively. Content of cyanidin-3-glucoside in husk were 0.56, 0.62 and 0.56% and in cob were 0.19, 0.14 and 0.17%. Therefore, the sowing time to increase husk and cob weight and content of cyanidin-3-glucoside is appropriate for planting in mid-May. The number of plants in planting density trial was 9,400, 7,000, 5,700 and 4,700 plants in 10a area. Plant height at each trial were 249, 250, 246 and 248cm, respectively. Husk dry weight were 76, 67 and 63 and 60kg·10a-1, respectively. Cob dry weight were 112, 92, 87 and 81kg·10a-1, respectively. Content of cyanidin-3-glucoside in husk were 0.70, 0.71, 0.71 and 0.75% and in cob were 0.21, 0.28, 0.26 and 0.20%. Therefore, appropriate sowing time was in mid-May and planting density was 5,700~7,000 plants·10a-1 in order to increase the yield and content of cyanidin-3-glucoside of purple com in South Korea.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.341-341
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• 2017

Abiotic stress adversely affects crop growth worldwide. Drought of the major abiotic stresses have the most significant impact on all of the crop. The main objective of this study was to assess the effects of drought stress on photochemical performance and vitality of maize (Zea mays L.). The photochemical characteristics were analyzed in the context of period of drought stress during the maize growth. Drought experiment was carried out for four weeks, thereafter, the drought treated maize was re-watered. The polyphasic OJIP fluorescence transient was used to evaluate the behavior of photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI) during the entire experiment period. In drought stress, the performance Index (PI) level was reached earlier when compared to the controls. For the screening of drought stress tolerance the drought factor index (DFI) of each variety was calculated as follow DFI= log(A) + 2log(B). All the fourteen cultivars show DFI ranged from -0.69 to 0.30, meaning less useful in selection of drought tolerant cultivars. PI and electron transport flux values of fourteen cultivars were to indicate reduction of photosynthetic performance during the early vegetative stage under drought stress. In conclusion, DFI and energy flux parameters can be used as photochemical and physiological index.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권9호
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• pp.1239-1244
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• 2000

In order to investigate the effect of incorporation of thermally processed cereal (maize) grain and differently degradable protein sources in the calf starter, twenty four newly born crossbred $(Bos\;taurus{\times}Bos\;indicus)$ calves were assigned at random to six diets in a $3{\times}2$ factorial design involving three protein sources viz. groundnut meal (GN), cottonseed meal (CS) and meat and bone meal (MB), each along with two differently processed grain, namely ground raw (R) and pressure cooked (P) maize. The corresponding calf starters with green oats (Avena sativa) were given free-choice from 14 d onwards till the end of the 90 d experimental feeding. A restricted milk diet was fed till the age of weaning at 60 d. Total DM intake was not affected by cereal or protein sources. However, daily intake of DM (59.23 vs 66.45 g) and CP (12.38 vs 14.10 g) per kg $W^{0.75}$ was reduced (p<0.05) due to cereal processing. Better (p<0.05) feed and protein efficiencies after weaning and during entire period in calves fed processed maize resulted in a trend of higher $(p{\leq}092)$ growth rate especially when GN was the source of protein. In comparison among protein sources, calves fed MB diets tended to grow faster $(p{\leq}098)$ concurrent with a higher CP intake before weaning. It is thus evident that thermal processing of maize in the calf starter seems to improve calf performance. Moreover, results indicated that feeding of protein and starch sources of matching ruminal degradability may prove beneficial for early growth of crossbred calves.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.190-194
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• 1985

벼검은줄오갈병 매개충인 애멸구의 기주식물 선호성은 실내유균접종과 포장상태에서 공히 옥수수가 벼보다 낮으나 발병율은 아주 높았다. 바이러스가 매개충의 생태에 미치는 영향은 보독충이 무독충보다 성충의 생존일수, 부화약충수 및 성충율에서 심한 장애를 나타냈다. 벼에서는 감염초기부터 후기까지 건물중이 이병주가 건전주보다 낮았다. 그러나 옥수수에서는 감염초기에 이병주가 건전주보다 건물중이 높았다. 한천내확산법 및 미량심강법에 의한 감염바이러스의 정량결과, 항혈청과의 반응정도는 옥수수잎, 벼줄기, 벼잎, 옥수수줄기에서 부분순화한 항원바이러스의 순으로 나타났다. 이병기주식물의 phloem gall 형성에서 저온처리의 효과가 인정되었다.