• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2017.10a
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• pp.153-158
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• 2017

Procurement system of public construction projects in Japan is changing with diversity in rapid pace. The quality assurance and risk management of construction projects should be more certain as the projects are turning into larger scale and more complexed. The clients in the public sector will want to make the relation of responsibility among the client, the designer (architects and engineers), and contractor clearer in terms of role and risk. Public-Private Partnership (PPP) is one of the methods for collaboration of the public sector and the private sector in public construction projects where the public utilizes the ability and suggestion of the private. Private Finance Initiative (PFI), Design-Build-Operate (DBO), market testing, designated manager system, outsourcing of tasks in local governments are well-known as examples of PPP in Japan. Indeed, there is an obvious trend that Design-Build (DB) is adopted in public construction projects in many countries including Japan. In this paper, the public construction projects in various procurement systems are surveyed and analyzed. They are not limited within the traditional procurement, Design-bid-Build, a separate order system of design and construction. Design-Build or PFI are adopted. In particular, contract by wide range including maintenance of equipment can be found. On the other hand, modification from originally typical PFI is taking place, such as concept design and project finance are removed from the roles and the tasks of the special purpose company (SPC) in PFI. Standard roles and tasks in a construction project are modeled in this paper.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.15-30
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• 2012

It has been 10 years since the facility modernization projects of traditional markets was rigorously undertaken. Although more than 835 traditional Korean markets nationwide have already completed these projects, there does not exist a specific set of standards of installation, future maintenance, and management. As a result, the complaints made by civil stakeholders in accordance of the actual facility installation caused problems and delays of related projects. In addition, while some local governments secured and implemented their own differing standards, others have not yet established their own separate standards for maintenance and management. Specifically, 694 traditional markets nationwide were supported for the cost of installing arcades by 2010. For the short period of time after the arcade-supported projects were deployed, the number of the traditional markets had been rapidly growing as a prime example of the facility modernization projects. The arcade facilities are being planned and installed merely for screening the rain or the sun. Without fundamental data for the newly landscaped environments or information on the actual conditions of usage and assessment, there is a lack of comprehensive approaches that could possibly organize the public environments. Furthermore, the amount of support needed for repairs, maintenance, and management from the central and local governments is gradually increasing. Thus, it becomes both crucial and necessary to complement the current set of standards. The purpose of this study is to examine the actual conditions of usage, maintenance, and management among those traditional market facilities that were installed with the supports of the facility-modernization projects, especially for arcades. This will be carried out through investigating the local problems, issues, and considering international case studies. The results of this study will provide measures for effective and efficient installation and management of traditional market arcades. Improvements in the use of public resources could be directed towards transforming public business, as well as public enhancement and functional maintenance and reinforcement. Under this condition, the arcade is not a simple area to avoid rain or sunlight; it becomes a public space. It is highlighted that the arcade should establish its public business not only to activate markets but also to refine street environments and revitalize local communities. A more specific way to improve is introduced through systematic supplementation. This is needed to attract effective participation from local residents and is done so by conducting a fair procedure from the first stage of business and by providing guidelines for establishing arcades as public facilities. The study points out to the problem of merchants-centered plans and street use. It presents the need to expand to involve residents and customers. Given that the arcade is a public facility and merchants' ability to maintain it is limited, manuals and systems for its maintenance needs to be introduced through multi-party agreement of merchants, government, residents and customers.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.13 no.1 s.31
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• pp.89-96
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• 2005

As the number of the municipalities which have finished the phase I of their GIS system development projects increases, it is very natural that GIS system operation and maintenance rather than development itself has been a more important concern for these municipalities. It seems to me that these phenomena will be amplified as time goes by, and this is the right time for a series of proper guidelines regarding the GIS system maintenance to be supplied to the related municipalities. The subject which is called as 'GIS maintenance' is surely a very comprehensive area. It has been also founded that the necessity is widely agreed among the concerned people working for the municipalities which have already finished their first GIS projects. Nevertheless, it has been investigated that the studies done up to now in this area is in a very infant state from the quality and also quantity points of views. This paper, therefore, makes one of the very initial trials for the systematical GIS maintenance. Among the areas of GIS maintenance, the GIS database maintenance has been selected as the first trial area because of its natural characteristics of the basic element composing IS(Information System). For this, the present conditions of a variety of municipalities have been investigated as far as GIS maintenance is concerned, and the results are analyzed to produce a series of useful outcomes in terms of facing problems and accompanied plans. For each problem, a solution is defined and for each solution a detailed action plan (item) is derived. For each of the two kinds of GIS data given which are the fundamental map and the underground facilities map, an effective GIS data maintenance plan is suggested for the concerned municipalities.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.9-19
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• 2018

The purpose of the study is to show the possibility of the enlargement of land banking types through employment of the French land bank case. For sustainable urban regeneration projects, it is necessary to improve the land banking system with comprehensive land banking types. There are a total of 35 land banking agencies in France, which are made according to the needs of the municipality. The main function of these institutions is to perform functions such as land acquisition, management, division, land maintenance(decontamination, etc.), land use plan review and so on. In the 1960s and 1970s, mainly purchase and maintenance of land mainly focused on Brownfield and idle land, but since 2000 the land purchase business is mainly for the supply of social rental housing which is missing It was. The use of land banks is most frequently mentioned as a way of how to supply land at a low price in urban renewal projects. To that end, it is necessary to revise related laws, even if the law is revised so that land for urban regeneration projects can be secured, due to the limit of financial resources, land for the urban regeneration project nationwide secured It will not be easy without policy judgment of a positive nation. Therefore, securing land reserve resources for urban regeneration projects utilizing residential district funds and municipal maintenance funds is essential. In addition, even on a small scale, it is necessary to consider the banking of land for regional capitalization at the local government level.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.12 no.1 s.28
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• pp.79-85
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• 2004

The GIS(Geographic Information System) projects require big initial investment and cost of maintenance. Decision makers would not launch GIS projects unless they are convinced of the benefits of the projects. Therefore the purpose of this paper is to develop an appropriate model for GIS project evaluation. We proposed a GIS project evaluation model and summarize the steps involved in Cost-Benefit Analysis(CBA). The costs of a GIS implementation include hardware and software cost, costs of database development, training expenses, annual maintenance expenses, and other annual expenses. The benefit by using GIS has been assessed into Type I(direct benefits), Type II(indirect benefits), Type III(benefits that result from the sale of information services), Type IV(intangible benefits).

• New & Renewable Energy
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.23-29
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• 2012

LCOE of 11 Korean PV projects, total capacity of 44 MW, were calculated for each project being larger than 1 MW respectively. 9 out of 11 projects were constructed in 2008 under FIT scheme revealed that average LCOE is 600 Korean Won per kilowatt-hour and it becomes reduced to 348 Korean Won per kilowatt-hour for 2 projects that are constructed under RPS scheme in 2012. During the period between 2008 and 2012, installation cost per megawatt became 55% of 2008 value with operation and maintenance cost lowered to 80% while LCOE became only 58% due to reduced project size and lower irradiation for later projects. However, it is found that the ratio of LCOE / unit installation cost looks relatively constant, so that it can be used as an auxiliary parameter to gauge learning effect of BOS portion of a PV project.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.16-30
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• 2016

There is an increasing interest in and efforts for safe residential environment from crimes nationwide. Many cities are making efforts to create safe residential environment by enacting ordinances and guidances on safe design for preventing crimes and implementing demonstration projects. In line with the trends of the times toward 'improvement of living conditions' through urban regeneration, the importance of the Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design(CPTED) has recently emerged in the field of residential housing regeneration. Indeed, the CPTED is included as essential factor in the recent deteriorated residential area regeneration related projects. In this respect, the purpose of this study is to provide the basic data on the methodology of CPTED to be applied to the regeneration of deteriorated residential area in the future. To this end, this study selected three representative CPTED projects in Busan - 'Deokpo-dong Hope and Stepping Stone Village,' 'Chilsan-dong CPTED Happiness Village' and 'Sujeong-dong Crime Prevention and Safe Village' as objects of this study and then investigated and analyzed project contents, application of CPTED strategy, subjects who are implementing projects, and the time when they implement projects as the framework of my analysis. The findings from this study are as follows: First, the projects that were largely based on hardware should be improved by including software in the future. Second, the current Step 2 should expand into Step 3 Maintenance in applying CPTED strategy. Third, it is necessary to encourage exchange and cooperation between unit projects and subjects who are operating related projects.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.333-348
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• 2013

The detailed current situation of urban renewal projects which have implemented in all over the country is sorted by regional and divisional groups, researching press reports. Problems in the progress of promoting urban renewal projects made the paper are analyzed in this research. This research examined the actual condition about urban renewal projects synthetically and then, deduced the following improvement plan. First, formulating long-term renewal plan is needed. Secondly, It should be changed into the gradual urban renewal project on a small scale according to various conditions of each local area. Finally, support of the central government in consideration of local conditions should be carried out.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.375-386
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• 2021

In this paper, a study of stability and health of a newly-built railway tunnel is presented. The field test was implemented to monitor the secondary lining due to the significant cracking behaviors influenced the stability and health of the tunnel structure. Surface strain gauges were installed for monitoring the status of crack openings, and the monitoring outputs demonstrated that the cracks were still in the developing stage. Additionally, adjacent tunnel and poor condition of surrounding rock were identified as the causes of the lining cracking by systematically characterizing the crack spatial distribution, tunnel site and surrounding rock conditions. Reconstruction of partial lining and reconstruction of the whole secondary lining were designed as the maintenance projects for different cracking regions based on the construction feasibility. For assessing the health conditions of the reinforced lining, embedded strain gauges were set up to continuously measure the strain and the internal force of the reconstructed structures. For the partially reconstructed lining, the outputs show the maximum tensile elongation is 0.018 mm during 227 days, which means the structure has no obvious deformation after maintenance. The one-year monitoring of full-section was implemented in the other two completely reconstructed cross-sections by embedded strain gauge. The outputs show the reconstructed secondary lining has undertaken the pressure of surrounding rock with the time passing. According to the calculated compressive and tensile safety factors, the completely reconstructed lining has been in reliable and safe condition during the past year after reinforcement. It can conclude that the aforementioned maintenance projects can effectively ensure the stability and health of this tunnel.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.1743-1753
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• 2011

Seoul Metropolitan Government has performed alternative transit system, light rail transit(LRT), for settling the problems of urban public transit system based on conventional bus service and heavy rail transit(HRT). LRT projects of total 8 lines(about 73.6km), including Ui-Sinseol line, have been planned as Build-Transfer-Operate(BTO) projects. For the first LRT, Ui-Sinseol line, however, design of structure had met standard for design of HRT, because of no domestic design code for LRT when participates of Ui-Sinseol project submitted the design proposal. This case study reports a successful example of LRT design minimizing the scale of stations designed in base of HRT code. The problems, like oversized structures compared with LRT vehicles, excessive costs for construction, had been resolved through negotiations with the participates of Ui-Sinseol line. Result suggests that present and future costs for construction and maintenance of the LRT projects in Seoul be considerably reduced in advance.