• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.15-25
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• 2014

Objective: This study aims to analyze the factors that affect the ability to maintain dynamic sitting balance (DSB), biomechanical characteristics, and physical characteristics in spinal cord injuries (SCI) patients. Background: Virtual ski training systems, ski equipment, and training protocols for disabled skiers are being studied to spread awareness. However, few studies have been reported on the sitting balance ability associated with chair mono skiing. Method: A dynamic sitting balance border system was built to investigate the ability to maintain dynamic sitting balance in SCI patients. Trunk muscle activity was evaluated by electromyogram while conducting dynamic sitting balance tests. The trunk muscle strength was tested with a portable handheld dynamometer. Physical activity scores were measured with the physical activity recall assessment. Results: There were high levels of correlation between the ability to maintain DSB and trunk flexor strength, extensor strength, rotator strength, and physical activity score. However, height, weight, and injury level in SCI patients were not correlated with the ability to maintain DSB. Additionally, strong negative correlations were found between muscle activities of the external oblique and lumbar erector spinae muscles and the ability to perform the backward tilt test. Trunk extensor muscle activity during the ball lifting test was significantly higher than in other tests. Conclusion: The results indicate that improving trunk muscle strength and physical activity can increase the ability to maintain DSB. Application: The findings of a close relationship between trunk strength, physical activity, and the ability to maintain DSB need to be reflected in the chair mono ski training program.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.345-352
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• 2008

A self-regulatory community fisheries management program in Korea is designed to enhance fisheries resources, to protect fishing grounds of self-regulatory communities, and to manage their fisheries resources by their own regulations and knowledge. This study explored an applicable ecosystem-based management plan based on the scientific investigation and analysis. This study suggested objectives, indicators and reference points of the ecosystem-based resource management system which are applicable to selfregulatory community fisheries. The objectives of the management system are to maintain sustainable fisheries production, to maintain optimum fishing intensity, to reduce by-catch, to conserve spawning ground and habitat, to maintain optimum habitat environment, to increase/maintain abundance of prey species, to increase/maintain stock biomass, and to conduct stock enhancement on the basis of scientific assessment. The improved methods for the assessment and management are introduced by demonstrating a self-regulatory fishery which targets on hen clam in Dong-li fishing village in Busan.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.23-33
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the experience of smoking cessation in middle and high school students who smoked or were ex-smokers. Method: Data were collected through focus group interviews with 3 groups (15 students), and were analyzed according to the analytic method of Morgan (1998) and Krueger (1998). Results: Six categories were identified. They included reasons to quit smoking, efforts to maintain smoking cessation, lures to start smoking again, improved self-esteem after overcome temptations, frustration following repeated failures in attempts to quit smoking and suggestions to help maintain smoking cessation. Through these results, it was found that reasons for quitting smoking were different from those of adults, strategies to maintain smoking cessation were limited and repeated failure in attempts to quit smoking led students to give up attempting to quit smoking. Conclusion: A high percentage of adolescent smokers want to quit but are unsuccessful in doing so. Considering the results of our analysis, smoking cessation programs and strategies should be carefully developed to be more effective in help adolescents quit smoking and maintain smoking cessation.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제19권12호
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• pp.1132-1137
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• 2013

In swarm robot systems, it is vital to maintain network connectivity to ensure cooperative behavior between robots. This paper deals with the behavior control algorithm of the swarm robots for maintaining network connectivity. To do this, we divide swarm robots into search-robots, base-robots, and relay-robots. Using these robots, we propose behavior control algorithm to maintain network connectivity. The behavior control algorithms to maintain network connectivity are proposed for the local path planning using virtual force and global path planning using the Delaunay triangulation, respectively. Finally, we demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed method through some simulations.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제19권
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• pp.233-250
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• 2010

This study aims to observe the features of Korean adjectives composed with symbolic base impling human character. Korean adjectives composed with symbolic base shows more delicate nuances than ordinary adjectives. For observing the feature of them we analyzed the 6000 symbolic words in 'Stanadard Korean Dictionary'. As a result,the symbolic base of adjectives is divided into the one that maintain the basic meaning of symbolic words and the other that do not maintain basic meaning of symbolic words. The base that maintain the basic meaning of symbolic words is divided into the one that has meaning of character and the other that do not has meaning of character. The base that do not maintain the basic meaning of symbolic words is divided into the one that can relate with '-hada' and the other that cannot relates with '-hada'. This study remains the problem in future to examine common points of symbolic base.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.14-25
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• 2012

Objectives : To observe physiological changes during clinical acupuncture treatment. Methods : We recruited 40 healthy volunteers who had experienced an acupuncture treatment at least once within the past three years. The experimental group was divided into four groups according to the needling site and frequency of electrical stimulation. Sites consisted of abdomen and legs. Frequencies consisted of 100 Hz and 2 Hz. The procedures of experimental treatment consisted of seven phases, Resting I phase (Resting I), Needle insertion phase (Insertion), Maintenance of needle insertion I phase (Maintain I), Electrical stimulation phase (ES), Maintenance of needle insertion II phase (Maintain II), Needle removal phase (Removal) and Resting II phase (Resting II). We measured the surface electromygraphy (SEMG) through an electrode on the frontalis muscle during all phases consecutively. Results : When SEMGs of all seven phases were analyzed, they significantly increased or decreased according to phases. SEMGs of Insertion, Maintain I, ES and Maintain II phase significantly increased more than RestingI in abdomen and legs groups. SEMGs of the abdomen group were measured as being $4.78{\pm}0.74{\mu}V$ on Resting I, $16.48{\pm}3.97{\mu}V$ on Insertion, $46.31{\pm}10.56{\mu}V$ on Maintain I, $45.88{\pm}9.72{\mu}V$ on ES, $45.56{\pm}9.69{\mu}V$ on Maintain II, $18.76{\pm}3.05{\mu}V$ on Removal, and $3.75{\pm}0.65{\mu}V$ on Resting II. SEMGs of the legs group were measured as being $3.34{\pm}0.35{\mu}V$ on Resting I, $12.11{\pm}1.76{\mu}V$ on Insertion, $36.74{\pm}6.99{\mu}V$ on Maintain I, $33.57{\pm}6.30{\mu}V$ on ES, $32.66{\pm}6.03{\mu}V$ on Maintain II, $14.08{\pm}2.15{\mu}V$ on Removal, and $2.88{\pm}0.32{\mu}V$ on Resting II. Conclusions : SEMG changed differently according to processes of acupuncture. Electrical stimulation showed different change of SEMG. Thus, acupuncture treatment may change the status of the autonomic nervous system.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.408-420
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• 2011

This study identifies the fashion luxury customer segments grouped by expenditures and the number of purchasing brands to verify the effects of perceived luxury consumption values on the intention to maintain a brand relationship for each group. A survey questionnaire was developed and implemented to collect data to measure fashion luxury expenditures, number of purchasing brands, luxury customer values, intention to maintain brand relationships, and demographic variables. A total of 326 responses were analyzed by factor analysis, multiple regression, one-way ANOVA, and $X^2$ analysis with SPSS18.0. Respondents were grouped by luxury expenditures; in addition, the number of purchasing brands were grouped into four segments of Switching/Heavy (31.6%), Switching/Light (19.9%), Loyal/Heavy (31.3%), and Loyal/Light (7.2%) Customer Group, that was different in terms of age and marital status. When the luxury customer value for the most patronized luxury brand was factor analyzed, five distinctive sub dimensions were identified, such as Social Value, Aesthetic/Expressive Value, Experiential Value, Quality Value, and Economic Value. For the Loyal/Heavy Group, the Experiential Value had a significant effect on the customer intention to maintain a brand relationship. For the Loyal/Light group, the Aesthetic /Expressive and Economic Value had a significant effect, and for the Switching/Heavy and Switching/Light Group, Quality and Economic Value had a significant effect on the customer intention to maintain a brand relationship. In conclusion, each luxury customer value in the behavioral segments works differently in influencing the intention to maintain a brand relationship. In addition, the implications for retail strategy were discussed based on the findings.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.51-55
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• 2008

Colour and texture are the most difficult quality aspects of Kimchi to maintain during storage. Therefore, this study investigated how to maintain superior quality Kimchi during fermentation without changes in color and texture. By examining differences between samples covered with vinyl(A group) and not covered with vinyl(B group) and assessing pH, total acidity, total viable cell count, total lactic acid bacteria cell count and sensory characteristics. The results are indicated that pH, total acidity, total viable cell and total lactic acid bacteria were similar between group A and B. Group A showed higher sensory score for colour, taste, texture and acceptability than group B(p<0.001). Covering the Kimchi with vinyl appeared to have a similar effect as when Kimchi is kept in a Kimchi-pot under stones or the outer leaves of vegetables making it possible to maintain good color and texture during storage. In conclusion, even though, it is not practical to use Kimchi-pots within urban settings today, vinyl coverings may offer the same effects.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.213-223
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• 2019

This paper analyzes delta-Vs to maintain an extremely low altitude on the Moon and investigates the possibilities of performing a CubeSat mission. To formulate the station-keeping (SK) problem at an extremely low altitude, current work has utilized real-flight performance proven software, the Systems Tool Kit Astrogator by Analytical Graphics Inc. With a high-fidelity force model, properties of SK maneuver delta-Vs to maintain an extremely low altitude are successfully derived with respect to different sets of reference orbits; of different altitudes as well as deadband limits. The effect of the degree and order selection of lunar gravitational harmonics on the overall SK maneuver strategy is also analyzed. Based on the derived SK maneuver delta-V costs, the possibilities of performing a CubeSat mission are analyzed with the expected mission lifetime by applying the current flight-proven miniaturized propulsion system performances. Moreover, the lunar surface coverage as well as the orbital characteristics of a candidate reference orbit are discussed. As a result, it is concluded that an approximately 15-kg class CubeSat could maintain an orbit (30-50 km reference altitude having ${\pm}10km$ deadband limits) around the Moon for 1-6 months and provide almost full coverage of the lunar surface.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.465-470
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• 2019

본 연구는 남자 일반부 K-1 1000m 결승 경기의 랩타임을 분석하여 경기력 향상을 위한 구간별 페이스 조절 전략을 모색하기 위해 실시되었다. 이를 위해 99회 전국체전 결승 경기의 랩타임을 250m 단위 구간으로 측정하였으며, 이 기록을 2018년도에 개최된 World Championship 남자 일반부 결승 경기의 랩타임 자료와 비교 분석하였다. 국내 최상위 선수들의 최종 기록 평균은 248.651초, 국제무대 최상위 선수들은 210.826초로 38초가량 경기력 차이가 난다. 랩타임별로는 250m 구간마다 8초, 11초, 6초, 13초 뒤처지는 기록을 나타냈다. World Championship 참가 선수들은 Fast-Maintain-Maintain-Spurt 전략을 쓰는 반면, 국내 선수들은 Fast-Slow-Fast-Slow의 페이스 조절 전략을 주로 쓰고 있었다. 국내 선수들은 경기력 향상을 위해, '빠른 스타트에 이은 중반 페이스 유지, 마지막 스퍼트'로의 전반적인 페이스 조절 전략 수정이 필요하다.