• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.691-702
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• 2011

Recently, several researchers have attempted to combine human visual perception and computer graphics. Cole et. al. suggest the study results in which line drawing algorithm in computer graphics characterize the properties of line drawing made by artists. The paper also evaluates CG line drawing algorithms depending on whether people recognize effectively specific 3D shape from the image made by those CG line drawing algorithms. However, human recognizes the shape of objects more effectively in image made by BRDF shading model than line drawing algorithm. It means that the shading factor is important to recognize shape with human perception. In this paper, we analyze the correlation between shading made by human artists and that made by CG shading algorithms. The study is to characterize the mathematical properties of artists' shading and CG shading. This type of analysis can guide the future development of new CG shading algorithm in computer graphics for the purpose of shape perception.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.109-115
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• 2016

In the current study, automatic tool compensation is accomplished by using a finite element stamping analysis for a center roof rail made of UHSS in order to satisfy the specifications for shape accuracy. The initial blank shape is calculated from a finite element inverse analysis and potential forming defects such as tearing and wrinkling are determined by the finite element stamping analysis based on the initial tool shape. The blank shape is optimized to meet the shape requirements of the final product with the stamping analysis, and die compensation is determined with the information about springback. The specifications for shape accuracy were successfully achieved by the proposed die compensation scheme using the finite element stamping analysis. The current study demonstrates that the compensation tendency is similar when the proposed scheme is used or when the compensation is performed by trial and error in the press-shop. This similarity verifies that the automatic compensation scheme can be used effectively in the first stage of tool design especially for components made from UHSS.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.83-88
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• 2022

Hunminjeongeum had 17 initial consonant letters. Among them, five consonant letters, those are ㄱ (牙音, molar sound letter), ㄴ (舌音, lingual sound letter), ㅁ(脣音, labial sound letter), ㅅ (齒音, dental sound letter), ㅇ (喉音, guttural sound letter), were served as chief consonants. There was no argument that consonant letters were made by symbolizing the shape of vocal organs during phonation of them. It could be phoniatrically explained that all of five chief consonants were morphologically symbolized from left lateral view of vocal tract during articulation. Although 'ㄱ' was known as molar sound, it was not modeled the shape of molar tooth but modeled the shape of tongue at molar teeth bearing area. The same principle applies to 'ㅅ', and it was represented the shape of upper surface of anterior tongue instead of incisor teeth. 'ㄴ' was a lingual sound and directly shaped the shape of tongue. 'ㄷ' was made by addition of a stroke 'ㅡ' meaning hard palate above 'ㄴ'. 'ㅁ' was represented the shape of lateral view of anterior mouth. 'ㅇ' was looked like shaping left lateral view of laryngopharyngeal space.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.49-54
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• 1995

A numerical analysis on the effect of the front shape on the aerodynamic characteristics of HST model is made, using FVM based general purpose 3D Navier-Stokes eq. solver, TURBO-3D program. Numerical solutions are compared with each case of different front shape for HST model. The result shows a good quantitative aerodynamic characteristic tendencies for variation of front shape of HST. Thus it may be used as a basis in the design of the shape of real HST.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.405-411
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• 2003

An electric control fuel injector of a diesel engine injection systems is very important apparatus for fuel economy and emission control. It's performance was influenced by hydraulic contro1 of valve and solenoid especially the solenoid was important factor for operation and control of injector. In this paper. we made solenoids of 4 type. which changed the shape of armature and core. and measured magnetic force according to input current, and analyzed characteristics of solenoid on the shape through the test results.

• 연구논문집
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• s.28
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• pp.123-135
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• 1998

A shape function for element free Galerkin method is carved from Shepard interpolant of singular weight and consistency condition. Thus present shape function is an interpolation and has no singularities. The shape function is applied to cantilever bending problems and gives good results in comparison with beam theory. Finally it is shown that the coupling with finite element method is made easily without any additional treaties.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.1020-1026
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• 1994

This paper presents a technique to optimize the shape of waveguide components in H-plane. The technique utilizes the numerical optimization process which employs the vector finite element method. In the optimization process, the sensitivity of an objective function with respect to design variables is computed by introducting adjoint variables, which makes the computation easy. The steepest descent method is then employed to update design variables. As a numerical example, an H-plane waveguide teejunction was considered to obtain optimized shape. Comparison between the initial and optimized shape was made.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.619-625
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• 2010

The purpose of this research is to analyze the shapes of blouse with above-elbow sleeves according to arm movements. The shapes include five types of the arm movement(basic posture, reach forward 45, 90, and reach lateral 45, 90) in the stand-posture, which were made by different adaptability of clothes. Experiments were conducted to figure out the dressed shape through 3-D measurement Vivid 910, and also to investigate the area of the shape of sleeves on the section map and the diagonal length of the block made by the basic section line in lateral part of sleeve with Rapid Form 2004, a software for 3-D shape analysis. The Data were analyzed by factor analysis, Anova, Duncan test, t-test. The results of this study were as follows: First, the area of sleeve was briefed 3 factor; front, center, back in sleeve. Second, there were different effect of arm movement, section level and part of shapes in the area of sleeve. Third, the diagonal length was briefed 4 factor; back, back-center, front-center, front. Forth, after t-test, there were statistically significant between the reach forward and lateral and between the angles of arm reach.

• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.12
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• pp.35-45
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• 2011

To keep relics excavated in the era of the Japanese Colonist's rule in the Korean Peninsula in order, the National Museum of Korea selected some of horse strap pendants (Haengyeob) that were excavated from Seobongchong, Sikrichong and Geumryeongchong, and it investigated conservation and production technique. The horse strap pendants selected were classified into three, that is to say, Oval and fish-tail shape, heart shape and atypical: At the results of microscopic observation, XRF and SEM-EDS analysis, base plate was made of iron, and top plate as well as pattern plate was made of iron, copper and silver. Both Oval and fish-tail shape and heart shape horse strap pendants had horse strap pendants having same production technique and sizes at all of three ancient tombs were made of iron and copper. The gold layer of horse strap pendants except the atypical one having no gold layer were made by amalgam gilding.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.1062-1070
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• 2009

The strip shape for the stainless steel process has made an issue of the strip quality, and hence the shape control method is developed at the Sendzimir rolling mill (ZRM). ZRM is a stainless cold rolling mill and has actuators for the shape control. They are first intermediate rolls and top crown rolls, which are controlled horizontally and vertically, respectively. The shape control of the stainless steel rolling process has difficulty in obtaining the symmetrical shape. The objective of the shape control is to minimize the shape deviation and to maintain stable state, which keeps symmetrical shape pattern in the lateral direction. The method of the shape recognition employs a least squares method and neural network. The shape deviation is the difference between the target shape and actual shape and is controlled by the fuzzy shape control. The fuzzy shape control using operator's informative knowledge is proposed in this paper. The experiments are carried out online for various stainless materials and sizes. The productivity of the rolling process has increased from 9.0 to 9.4 tons per hour.