• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.1427-1434
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• 2017

Since the late 2000s, there has been growing preparation in South Korea for a sudden reunification of South and North Korea. Particularly in the power industry field, thorough preparations for the construction of a power infrastructure after reunification are necessary. The first step is to estimate the peak load demand. In this paper, we suggest a new peak demand estimation methodology by integrating existing correlation analysis methods between economic indicators and power generation quantities with a power supply interruption model in consideration of power consumption patterns. Through this, the potential peak demand and actual peak demand of the Nation, which experiences power supply interruption can be estimated. For case studies on North Korea after reunification, the potential peak demand in 2015 was estimated at 5,189 MW, while the actual peak demand within the same year was recorded as 2,461 MW. The estimated potential peak demand can be utilized as an important factor when planning the construction of power system facilities in preparation for reunification.

• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.159-172
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• 2020

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to investigate economic variables which have impact on the prices and returns of preferred stocks and to provide investors, underwriters, and policy makers with information regarding correlations and causal relations between them. Design/methodology/approach - This study collected 98 monthly data from Korea Exchange and Bank of Korea. The Granger causal relation analysis, unit-root test and the multiple regression analysis were hired in order to analyze the data. Findings - First, our study derives the economic variables affecting the prices and returns of preferred stocks and their implications, while previous studies focused mainly on the differential characteristics and related economic factors between common and preferred stocks. Empirical results show that the significant variables influencing the prices and returns of preffered stocks are consumer sentiment index, consumer price index, industrial production index, KOSPI volatility index, and exchange rate between Korean won and US dollar. Second, consumer sentiment index, consumer price index, and industrial production index have significant casual relations with the returns of preferred stocks, providing market participants with important information regarding investment in preferred stocks. Research implications or Originality - This study is different from previous studies in that preferred stocks themselves are investigated rather than the gap between common stocks and preferred stocks. In addition, we derive the major macro variables affecting the prices and returns of preferred stocks and find some useful causal relations between the macro variables and returns of preferred stocks. These findings give important implications to market participants, including stock investors, underwriters, and policy makers.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.9-20
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aims to map the spatial distribution of poverty using nighttime light satellite images as a proxy indicator of economic activities and infrastructure distribution in D.I Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Research design, data, and methodology: This study uses official poverty statistics (National Socio-economic Survey (SUSENAS) and Poverty Database 2015) to compare satellite imagery's ability to identify poor urban areas in D.I Yogyakarta. National Socioeconomic Survey (SUSENAS), as poverty statistics at the macro level, uses expenditure to determine the poor in a region. Poverty Database 2015 (BDT 2015), as poverty statistics at the micro-level, uses asset ownership to determine the poor population in an area. Pearson correlation is used to identify the correlation among variables and construct a Support Vector Regression (SVR) model to estimate the poverty level at a granular level of 1 km x 1 km. Results: It is found that macro poverty level and moderate annual nighttime light intensity have a Pearson correlation of 74 percent. It is more significant than micro poverty, with the Pearson correlation being 49 percent in 2015. The SVR prediction model can achieve the root mean squared error (RMSE) of up to 8.48 percent on SUSENAS 2020 poverty data.Conclusion: Nighttime light satellite imagery data has potential benefits as alternative data to support regional poverty mapping, especially in urban areas. Using satellite imagery data is better at predicting regional poverty based on expenditure than asset ownership at the micro-level. Light intensity at night can better describe the use of electricity consumption for economic activities at night, which is captured in spending on electricity financing compared to asset ownership.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.143-150
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• 2015

PURPOSES : The authors set out to estimate the related carbon emissions, energy use, and costs of the national freeways and highways in Korea. To achieve this goal, a macro-level methodology for estimating those amounts by road type, road structure type, and road life cycle was developed. METHODS : The carbon emissions, energy use, and costs associated with roads vary according to the road type, road structure type, and road life cycle. Therefore, in this study, the road type, road structure type, and road life cycle were classified into two or three categories based on criteria determined by the authors. The unit amounts of carbon emissions and energy use per unit road length by classification were estimated using data gathered from actual road samples. The unit amounts of cost per unit road length by classification were acquired from the standard cost values provided in the 2013 road business manual. The total carbon emissions, energy use, and cost of the national freeways and highways were calculated by multiplying the road length by the corresponding unit amounts. RESULTS: The total carbon emissions, energy use, and costs associated with the national freeways and highways in Korea were estimated by applying the estimated unit amounts and the developed method. CONCLUSIONS: The developed method can be employed in the road planning and design stage when decision makers need to consider the impact of road construction from an environmental and economic point of view.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.235-244
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• 2021

The change of the development of transport and logistics systems occurs with the active change of technology and the advent of the era of Industry 4.0. It requires modernization of approaches to the development of transport and logistics systems at the macro and micro levels. The present study aims to identify perspective directions of development and evolution, find out the existing obstacles in the integration of technological solutions of transport and logistics systems at the macro and micro levels. This study is based on a quantitative and qualitative methodology for assessing the level of integration of technologies into transport and logistics systems to study the prospects for their development at the micro level. Macroeconomic indicators of transport and logistics in the context of different regions of the world were used to quantify the development prospects. For a qualitative assessment of the development of the transport and logistics system, the case study method was used. The object of the study was selected logistics company Sensco Logistics Inc., Austin TX. At the macro level, countries with more innovative logistics sectors have stronger mechanisms for coordinating private sector activities. Simplification of administrative procedures of control and regulation by the public sector in order to facilitate trade between countries is a promising direction for the development of transport and logistics systems. Such reforms are more effective in developing a "rigid" transport infrastructure. The integration of Industry 4.0 technology solutions into the international logistics sector is defined by political and legal barriers, especially in developing countries. In low-income countries, hard and soft infrastructure reforms are hindering the development of logistics companies that provide transport services. This determines the national level of development of transport and logistics systems, and in general the global level of development of transport and logistics. In developed countries, the legal barriers to the development of new technological logistics are environmental requirements for the integration of technologies into the transport system. These trends are slowing down the development of International Logistics, which, compared to other industries, is slower to integrate Industry 4.0 technologies. This study combines macroeconomic factors that determine the prospects for the development of transport and logistics systems at the micro level.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2006년도 추계학술대회 논문집 전력기술부문
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• pp.275-278
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• 2006

This paper describes a probabilistic annual congestion cost assessment of a grid at a composite power system derived from a model. This probabilistic congestion cost assessment simulation model includes capacity limitation and uncertainties of the generators and transmission lines. In this paper, the proposed probabilistic congestion cost assessment model is focused on an annualized simulation methodology for solving long-term grid expansion planning issues. It emphasizes the questions of "how should the uncertainties of system elements (generators, lines and transformers, etc.) be considered for annual congestion cost assessment from the macro economic view point"? This simulation methodology comes essentially from a probabilistic production cost simulation model of composite power systems. This type of model comes from a nodal equivalent load duration curve based on a new effective load model at load points. The characteristics and effectiveness of this new simulation model are illustrated by several case studies of a test system.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.49-59
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to analyze Phenomenon of the residential movement and important factors in the city of Seoul. First, The patterns of residential location during 1975-1994 in terms of macro aspects are to be investigated. Second, Residential patterns among households based on the literature survey data in terms of micro aspects are to be indentified. Methodology applied to the study is regression analysis using 1975-1994statistical data and content analysis based on the literature survey. The results of this study are as follows : 1) The factors of residential movement in the city of Seoul are explained by the changes of the economic structure, residential environment, individual characteristics, and housing policy. That is. the development of transportation systems, the number of homeownership scheme holders, crime rates, increase of residential areas effect on the decrease of the population in the city center of Seoul 2) According to the income groups and resident characteristics, Residential location patterns are different in residential location choice and the scope of spatial migration.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2016

Purpose - This paper aims to find and analyze factors that determine the flows of bilateral foreign direct investment in intra-ASEAN. It specifically focuses on the dimension of macro-economic, natural resources, human resources, and the quality of governance. Research design, data, and methodology - Data were collected from 64 bilateral relations between ASEAN nations from 2002 to 2013. Panel gravity model was utilized to find factors that determine the flows of bilateral foreign direct investment. Results - Significant factors were identified that determine the flows of bilateral foreign direct investment: GDP home country, GDP host country, real interest rate, distance, and total natural resources rent. Unexpectedly, natural resources have a negative effect. Conclusions - In a situation of increasing the flow of FDI among the countries of ASEAN, the government should control the interest rates and maintain good relations with nearby countries. The negative effect of total natural resource rents implies that ASEAN countries should not depend on their natural resources to attract foreign investments.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.39-49
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• 2016

Purpose - Considering industrialization development stages, an economic effect of ASEAN free trade agreement (FTA) on foreign direct investment (FDI) flows into the ASEAN countries was analyzed. Research design, data, and methodology - utilizing macro-level panel data from 2001 to 2012, panel regression analysis was conducted with a model constructed based on the knowledge-capital model. Results - As for overall ASEAN countries, ASEAN FTA was positively effective to attract vertical FDI to this region, while horizontal FDI was dominant before ASEAN FTA. Meanwhile, for the diversified economy relevant to Singapore, ASEAN FTA was not effective to attract FDI. For the ongoing industrialization economy relevant to Thailand, Malaysia, and the Philippines, ASEAN FTA was negatively effective to attract FDI; ASEAN FTA became a strong incentive to replace foreign investments with trade transactions for the horizontal firms, but an influence of market potentials after ASEAN FTA, which induces to third-country effects such as export platform FDI, has increased. For the incipient industrialization economy relevant to Indonesia, Vietnam, and Cambodia, ASEAN FTA was positively effective to attract vertical FDI. Conclusions - The effectiveness of FTA on FDI inflows varied considerably by the industrialization development stages of host countries.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.27-36
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• 2016

Purpose - Considering the importance of housing needs to real estate market, domestic studies on real estate prices from the perspective of demand are basically based on macro-data, but relatively few are associated with micro-data of urban real estate demand. We try to find a reliable relation of elasticity of demand and commercial housing market. Research design, data, and methodology - In this paper, we have derived housing demand theoretic method and have utilized micro-data of residential family housing survey of downtown area in Kunming City in October, 2015 to estimate income elasticity and price elasticity of housing demand respectively and make a comparative analysis. Results - The results indicate that income elasticity and price elasticity of families with owner-occupied housing are both larger than those of families with rental housing. Income elasticity of housing demand of urban residential families in Kunming is far below the foreign average and eastern coastal cities level, however, the corresponding price elasticity is far higher. Conclusions - We suggest that housing affordability of urban families in western China are constrained by the level of economic development, and the current housing price level has exceeded the economic affordability and psychological expectation of ordinary residents. Furthermore, noticing the great rigidity of housing demand, the expansion space of housing market for improvement and for commodity is limited.