• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.743-751
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• 2017

During slaughtering, animal blood is typically discarded, resulting in water pollution. However, this discarded blood has valuable components, such as immunoglobulin (Ig). Although several studies have been conducted to develop methods for effective recycling of slaughterhouse blood, they have not been commercially utilized in Korea. Here, we extracted an Ig-rich fraction from porcine blood that was then subjected to various in vitro tests, including pathogen growth inhibition, antigenic cross-reactivity, and anti-toxin activity. The porcine immunoglobulin concentrate (PIC) was effectively purified by eliminating other components, such as albumin, and consisted of approximately $63.2{\pm}2.9%$ IgG and $7.2{\pm}0.4%$ IgM on a protein basis. The results showed that it significantly suppressed the growth of pathogenic bacteria, and bound to all tested pathogens, including both gram-positive and gram-negative species, although the degree of activity differed according to strain. The PIC bound to two types of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) obtained from Escherichia coli O111:B4 and Salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, the PIC restored the proliferation activity of the lymphoblast K-562 cells when co-incubated with pathogenic LPS. These results confirm that the PIC prepared in this study is a potentially valuable functional food material or diet supplement as an alternative to antibiotics that can protect animals from pathogenic bacteria.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.165-171
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• 2007

Mitomycin C (MMC), an antitumor antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces caespitosus, is used in chemotherapy of gastric, bladder and colorectal cancer. MMC is activated in vivo to alkylate and crosslink DNA, via G-G interstrand bonds, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis and transcription. This study investigates gene expression changes in response to MMC treatment in order to elucidate the mechanisms of MMC-induced toxicity. MMC was admistered with single dose (0.32 and 1.6 ${\mu}M$) to TK6 cells. Applied Biosystem's DNA chips were used for identifying the gene expression profile by MMC-induced toxicity. We identified up- or down-regulated 90 genes including cyclin M2, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (p21, cip1), programmed cell death 1, tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 9, et al. The regulated genes by MMC associated with the biological pathways apoptosis signaling pathway. Further characterization of these candidate markers related to the toxicity will be useful to understand the detailed mechanism of action of MMC.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.647-655
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• 1996

To establish the effective ways to prevent bovine mastitis, the study has been performed to investigate the attributable factors causing down-regulation of immune responses in mammary gland of non-lactating cows. Lymphocytes from peripheral blood and mammary gland secretions(MGS) were obtained from normal healthy cows and mastitic cows, respectively. Lymphoblastogenesis were investigated carefully by adding different concentrations of supernatants collected from pure-cultures of neutrophils seperated from peripheral blood and MGS, respectively. The results obtained are as follows ; 1. Lymphoblastogenesis activity stimulated by Con A, PWM and PHA were significantly reduced in MGS from mastitic cows. 2. Supernatants collected from pure-culture of neutrophils separated both from peripheral blood and MGS showed inhibitory effect on mitogenic lymphoblastogenesis. 3. Supernatants from mammary gland neutrophils have shown 7 times more inhibitory activity than those from peripheral blood and this inhibitory effect was increased in proportion to increasing concentrations of supernatants when those were added to lymphoblast cells in culture.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.79-86
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• 2001

Recent clinical studies have shown that a high proportion of patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) achieve complete remission after treatment with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA). However, most patients who receive continuous treatment with ATRA relapse and develop ATRA-resistant leukemia. Dendritic cells (DCs) are important antigen-presenting cells in the development of antileukemic T-cell responses. In this study, we investigated the strategies to overcome ATRA resistance of APL cells by inducing the differentiation of DCs from human leukemic cell lines for the developtment of adoptive immunotherapy. CD83 was used as a mature DC marker in this study and the expression of CD83 mRNA was determined by RT-PCR method. The promyelocytic leukemic cell line HL-60, B lymphoblast cell lines RPMI 7666 and NC-37 could be induced to dendritic cells in vitro. Treatment of HL-60 with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) resulted in the expression of myeloid-related DC phenotypes, while treatment of RPMI 7666 with fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3-ligand, FL) and treatment of NC-37 with PMA and FL led to the expression of lymphoid-related DC phenotypes. In conclusion, myeloid-related DC phenotypes and lymphoid-related DC phenotypes could be generated from HL-60, NC-37 and RPMI 7666 cell lines, respectively. These DC phenotypes can potentially be used to generate antileukemic T cells in vitro for adoptive immunotherapy.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.357-366
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• 2007

To investigate the possible enhancement of genotoxicity in stress environment, we examined the of effect of genotoxic material in oxidative stress-induced condition using human tell line. Human lymphoblast cell line, TK6 was treated with hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) for induction of oxidative stress, and treated with N'-methyl-N'-nitroguanidine (MNNG), af a genetoxic material. We carried out MTS assay to set treatment doses. TK6 was treated with $H_2O_2$ at 6.75 (low dote) or $13.5\;{\mu}M$ (high dose) for 2 h, and treated with MNNG af 0.117 (low dose), 0.234 (middle dose), $0.468\;{\mu}M$ (high dose) for 2 h. As results, a treatment of MNNG induced DNA dam age as dose dependently. And TK6 treated with $H_2O_2$ at low as well as high dose followed by MNNG treatment showed higher DNA damage compared to MNNG alone treated groups. Malondialdehyde, as a marker of lipid peroxidation was increased in $H_2O_2$ and MNNG treated groups. Real-time RT-PCR analyses for expression of several antioxidative enzymes showed that catalase mRNA and glutathione peroxidase 1 mRNA expression were decreased in $H_2O_2$ and MNNG treated groups. Taken together, we conclude that genotoxicity induced by MNNG is enhanced in a condition of oxidative stress induced by $H_2O_2$ and it suggests that it should be associated with induction of lipid peroxidation and decrease of antioxidant enzymes.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.308-316
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• 2003

목적: 녹차 추출물(GTPP)은 암 예방과 암세포 성장억제 효과 외에 항산화제의 효능이 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이번 연구에서는 암세포에 감마 방사선을 이용하여 치료하는 경우 GTPP를 첨가함으로써 암세포 억제 증폭 효과와 정상세포에서의 방사선방호 효과가 함께 나타나는지 여부를 확인하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: GTPP (EGCG > 45%, catechin 80% 포함)를 사람 백혈병 세포주인 HL60과 사람 림프구 모세포인 NC37에 방사선을 쪼이기 전에 미리 첨가한 후 실험을 하였다. 두 세포주에서 각각의 GTPP 농도와 방사선양에 따라서 생존능을 평가하여 GTPP 농도와 방사능 양을 결정하였으며, 이를 이용하여 GTPP농도에 따른 NC37에서 방사선방호 효과와 HL60에서의 암세포 억제 효과에 대한 실험을 시행하였다. 결과: NC37과 HL60 세포주에서 암세포 억제효과를 보이면서 정상세포에 큰 영향을 미치지 않는 방사선 조사량은 1 Gy와 3 Gy정도이고, GTPP의 농도는 $10{\mu}g/ml$와 $20{\mu}g/ml$였다. NC37 세포주에서 GTPP를 농도별로 첨가하고 1 Gy와 3 Gy의 방사선을 각각 조사하였을 때 $10{\mu}g/ml$의 경우에는 3 Gy를 조사한 경우에만 대조군에 비해 유의한 차이를 보였으며(1 Gy;P=0.126, 3 Gy;P=0.010), $20{\mu}g/ml$를 첨가한 경우는 1 Gy와 3 Gy를 조사한 군 모두 대조군과 비교하여 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다(1 Gy;P=0.946, 3 Gy;P=0.096). HL60 세포주에서는 방사선 조사량에 큰 상관없이 GTPP의 농도의 증가에 따라 암세포 성장이 크게 억제됨을 알 수 있었다($1\;Gy;\;10{\mu}g/ml;\;69.0{\pm}1.7%\;vs\;20{\mu}g/ml;\;42.4{\pm}1.3%,\;3\;Gy;\;10{\mu}g/ml;\;66.9{\pm}3.9%\;vs\;20{\mu}g/ml;\;44.2{\pm}1.6%$). 결론: 시험관 내 실험을 통하여 내부 방사선 치료를 시행하는 경우 GTPP를 첨가함으로써 정상세포에서 방사선방호 효과와 암세포에서 성장 억제 효과를 동시에 나타낼 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 추후 생체 내 실험을 통한 녹차 추출물의 정상 세포에 대한 방사선방호 작용을 확인할 필요가 있을 것으로 사료된다. 녹차 추출물을 제공하여 주신 태평양 녹차 연구소의 소정 박사님께 감사드립니다.