• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국응용약물학회 2003년도 Annual Meeting of KSAP : International Symposium on Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences on Obesity
• /
• pp.98-98
• /
• 2003

${\beta}$-(1,3)-D-Glucans have been known to exhibit antitumor and antimicrobial activities. The presence of dectin-1,${\alpha}$, ${\beta}$-glucan receptor of dendritic cell, on macrophage has been controvertial. RT-PCR analysis led to the detection of dectin-1${\alpha}$ and ${\beta}$ in murine macrophage Raw264.7 cell line. Among the various organs of mouse, dectin-1${\alpha}$ and ${\beta}$ were detected in the thymus, lung, spleen, stomach and intestine. To analyze gene expression modulated by ${\beta}$-glucan treated murine Raw264.7 macrophage, total mRNA was applied to cDNA microarray to interrogate the expression of 7,000 known genes. cDNA chip analysis showed that ${\beta}$-glucan of P. osteatus increased gene expressions of immunomodulating genes, membrane antigenic proteins, chemokine ligands, complements, cytokines, various kinases, lectin associated genes and oncogenes in Raw 264.7 cell line. When treated with ${\beta}$-glucan of P. osteatus and LPS, induction of gene expression of TNF-${\alpha}$ and IFN-R1 was confirmed by RT-PCR analysis. Induction of TNF-R type II expression was confirmed by FACS analysis. IL-6 expression was abolished by EDTA in ${\beta}$-glucan and LPS treated Raw264.7 cell line, indicating that ${\beta}$-glucan binds to dectin-l in a Ca$\^$＋＋/ -dependent manner. To increase antitumor efficacy of ${\beta}$-glucan, ginsenoside Rh2 (GRh2) was co-treated with ${\beta}$-glucan in vivo and in vitro tests. IC$\sub$50/ values of GRh2 were 20 and 25 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ in SNU-1 and B16 melanoma F10 cell line, respectively. Co-treatment with ${\beta}$-glucan and GRh2 showed synergistic antitumor activity with cisplatin and mitomycin C both in vitro and in vivo. Single or co-treatment with ${\beta}$-glucan and GRh2 increased tumor bearing mouse life span. Co-treatment with ${\beta}$-glucan and GRh2 showed more increased life span with mitomycin C than that with cisplatin. Antitumor activities were 67% and 72 % by co-injection with ${\beta}$-glucan and GRh2 in the absence or presence of mitomycin C, respectively.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제13권12호
• /
• pp.6139-6144
• /
• 2012

Aims: Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is master regulator of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and plays an important role in NSCLCs. Here we characterized mRNA and protein expression levels of mTOR and its functional associated molecules including PTEN, IGF-1R and 4EBP1 in surgically resected NSCLCs. Methods: Fifty-four patients with NSCLCs who underwent pulmonary resection were included in current study. mRNA levels of mTOR, PTEN, IGF-1R, and 4EBP1 were evaluated by RT-PCR and protein expression of mTOR, PTEN, and IGF-1R by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Association of expression of the relevant molecules with clinical characteristics, as well as correlations between mTOR and PTEN, 4EBP1 and IGF-1R were also assessed. Results: The results of RT-PCR showed that in NSCLCs, the expression level of mTOR increased, while PTEN, 4EBP1 and IGF-1R decreased. Statistical analysis indicated high IGF-1R expression was correlated with advanced clinical stage (stage III) and PTEN expression was reversely associated with tumor size (P=0.16). The results of IHC showed mTOR positive staining in 51.8% of cases, while IGF-1R positive staining was found in 83.3% and loss of PTEN in 46.3%. Protein expression of mTOR was correlated with its regulators, PTEN and IGF-1R, to some extent. Conclusions: Abnormal activation of mTOR signaling, high expression of IGF-1R, and loss of PTEN were observed in resected NSCLC specimens. The poor expression agreement of mTOR with its regulators, PTEN, and IGF-1R, implied that combination strategy of mTOR inhibitors with other targets hold significant potential for NSCLC treatment.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제17권9호
• /
• pp.4335-4340
• /
• 2016

Background: Bone metastasis is a single condition but presents with various patterns and severities. Skeletal-related events (SREs) deteriorate overall performance status and reduce quality of life. However, guidelines for early detection and management are limited. This study includes a survey of the prevalence of bone metastasis in cases with common cancers in Thailand as well as a focus on survival patterns and SREs. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted using a database of the Chiang Mai Cancer Registry and the Musculoskeletal Tumor Registry of the OLARN Center, Chiang Mai University. The prevalence of bone metastasis from each type of primary cancer was noted and time-to-event analysis was performed to estimate cancer survival rates after bone metastasis. Results: There were 29,447 cases of the ten most common cancers in Thailand, accounting for 82.2% of the entire cancer registry entries during the study period. Among those cases, there were 2,263 with bone metastases, accounting for 7.68% of entries. Bone metastasis from lung, liver, breast, cervix and prostate are common in the Thai population, accounting for 83.4% of all positive cases. The median survival time of all was 6 months. Of the bone metastases, 48.9% required therapeutic intervention, including treatment of spinal cord and nerve root compression, pathological fractures, and bone pain. Conclusions: The frequency of the top five types of bone metastasis in Thailand were different from the frequencies in other countries, but corresponded to the relative prevalence of the cancers in Thailand and osteophilic properties of each cancer. The results of this study support the establishment of country specific guidelines for primary cancer identification with skeletal lesions of unknown origin. In addition, further clinical studies of the top five bone metastases should be performed to develop guidelines for optimal patient management during palliative care.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제13권10호
• /
• pp.5057-5061
• /
• 2012

Purpose: Chemotherapy-induced anemia (CIA) is one of the most important causes of anemia in cancer patients. This study was conducted to describe the prevalence and characteristics of CIA in solid cancer patients in the Chinese population, and to explore the relationship of white blood cell (WBC) or platelet decrease with CIA. Methods: Data on age, gender, tumor diagnosis, anti-cancer treatment and blood cell analyses were available from 220 untreated non-anemic cancer patients who received at least 2 cycles of chemotherapy, and the data were analyzed to assess their relationship with CIA or its severity. Results: 139 patients (63.2%) presented anemia, most being Grade 1 or 2. Esophageal and lung cancers were associated with a high prevalence. G3/4 leucopenia and decrease of platelets were identified as independent risk factors for the occurrence of CIA. Moreover, G3/4 leucopenia, decrease of platelet and G3/4 thrombocytopenia were found to be also associated with the severity of CIA. Cisplatin-containing regimens were a main potential factor in causing CIA, although significant association was only found on univariate analysis. Conclusion: Anemia or decrease in hematoglobin are common in Chinese cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Cisplatin-containing regimens might be an important factor influencing the occurrence of CIA. Our analysis firstly described some risk factors, such as decrease of platelets or WBCs, severity of leucopenia or thrombocytopenia, associated with the occurrence and severity of CIA.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• 제34권1호
• /
• pp.71-75
• /
• 2012

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most frequent urological malignant tumor in adults and it occurs mostly between the fifth and the sixth decades of life. The male-female ratio is 3:1 and it is more common in smokers. It accounts for approximately 3% of adult malignancies; 90~95% of neoplasms of the kidney. The classic triad of presenting symptoms of RCC is hematuria, back pain and a mass in the flank. More than 50% of RCCs show metastasis to breast, lung and regional lymph nodes, and 15% present in the orofacialmaxillary region. This case is about a 66 year-old man who was treated for painless swelling in the left masseteric area. The mass was surgically excised and sent for biopsy. It was diagnosed as RCC and two weeks later nephronectomy of the left kidney was performed. Metastasis to other organs was detected and the patient received radiation therapy. In this case we were able to find the primary lesion by the metastatic lesion.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• 제35권3호
• /
• pp.143-154
• /
• 2013

Purpose: This study was to find efficacy of integrin alpha2 (${\alpha}_2$) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) as tumor marker of oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and clarify the selective cell death effect of anti-integrin ${\alpha}_2$ and anti-EGFR on SCC cells, additionally testify conjugated gold nanoparticles (GNP) with air plasma for selective cell death of oral SCC. Methods: Expression of integrin ${\alpha}_2$, EGFR on human SCC cells (SCC25) were examined by western blot. SCC25 cells were treated with anti-integrin ${\alpha}_2$, anti-EGFR and analysed by Hemacolor staining, immunoflorescence staining, FACS flow cytometry. Conjugated GNP with integrin ${\alpha}_2$, EGFR antibody were treated by air plasma on SCC cells. Results: Integrin ${\alpha}_2$ and EGFR were over-expressed on SCC25 cells than normal lung WI-38 cells. The cell viability rate of SCC25 cells treated with anti-integrin ${\alpha}_2$, anti-EGFR was lower than WI-38 cells. The concentration changes of nucleus, releasing cytochrome c and apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) from mitochondria to cytosol were observed. The changes of proteins related with apoptosis were observed. Increase of bax, bcl-xL, activation of caspase-3, -7, -9, and fragmentation of PARP, DFF45 and decrease of lamin A/C in SCC25 cells were observed. In FACS, increase of sub-$G_1$ and S phase was observed. Cell cycle related proteins, Such as cyclin D1, cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) 4, cyclin A, cyclin E, CDK 2, p27 were decreased. After SCC25 cells treated with conjugatged GNP-Integrin ${\alpha}_2$, GNP-EGFR, additionally air plasma, the cell death rate was significantly increased. Conclusion: Integrin ${\alpha}_2$, EGFR were over-expressed in oral SCC cells. Anti-integrin ${\alpha}_2$, anti-EGFR in SCC25 cells induced apoptosis selectively. When GNP-anti integrin ${\alpha}_2$, GNP-anti EGFR were treated with air plasma on SCC25 cells, cancer cells were died more selectively. GNP-anti integrin ${\alpha}_2$, GNP-anti EGFR with air plasma could be treatment choice of oral SCC.

• 한국의학물리학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국의학물리학회 2005년도 제30회 춘계학술대회
• /
• pp.59-63
• /
• 2005

호흡 움직임은 종양에 대한 방사선치료의 부정확한 방사선조사가 유도되도록 복부 및 흉부에서 움직임을 야기한다. 그러므로 치료시 이러한 움직임에 대한 정확한 계산은 정상조직에는 저 선량을 조사되도록 CTV의 마진을 줄일 수 있고 방사선치료에 발생되는 부작용을 줄일 수 있다. Intrafraction motion을 고려하는 기술로는 호흡 멈춤, 호흡동조, 4차원 또는 종양추적 기술이 있다. 호흡동조 방법은 환자의 호흡 신호가 호흡주기의 일정한 범위에 위치할 때 주기적으로 빔을 조사하고 그 범위를 벗어날 때는 빔을 조사하지 않는 방법이다. 이러한 기술은 내부장기 움직임과 상관관계가 있는 호흡 움직임 신호의 획득이 요구된다. 호흡동조 방사선치료를 위한 예비연구로 본 연구자들은 호흡 움직임 신호 측정을 수행하였다. 환자의 호흡 움직임 신호 측정을 위해서, 호흡측정시스템을 3 가지 센서, 4 채널 데이터 획득 시스템, 신호처리용 컴퓨터로 구성하였다. 2명의 환자를 대상으로 본 연구자들은 호흡측정시스템을 가지고 호흡주기 및 파형을 평가하였다. 그 결과 호흡주기는 시간의 함수에 따라 일반적으로 정확한 대칭 형태는 아니지만 주기적인 형태로 측정되었다. 호흡측정 시스템은 기대했던 만큼 환자의 호흡을 잘 추적하였으며 실험에 적용하기 위해 쉽게 컨트롤 할 수 있었다.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.111-117
• /
• 1987

암 환자에 있어서 영양상태는 치료에 대한 반응과 생존기간에 영향을 미치는 인자가 된다. 그래서 연하곤란은 암 환자에 중요한 영향을 끼친다고 할 수 있다. 저자들은 1983년 3월부터 1987년 3월까지 가톨릭의대 강남성모병원 방사선치료실에서 방사선 치료를 받은 1,400명의 환자 중 연하곤란 및 호흡기계 문제로 방사선 치료를 받았던 식도암 이외의 암에 의한 식도의 헙착 및 폐쇄를 일으킨 환자 16예를 대상으로 이들의 특성과 식도의 협착 및 폐쇄에 대한 방사선 치로의 효과 및 생존기간을 후향성으로 분석하여 보았다. 1. 방사선치료를 받은 환자 중 빈도는 $1\%$이었다. 2. 가장 빈번한 원인은 폐암 (14/16)이었고, 식도 중부 (14/16)가 가장 흔하게 침범되는 부위였다. 3. 방사선 치료에 대한 반응은 연하곤란의 정도와 2주 간격으로 촬영한 바륨조영사진으로 평가하였는데 계획된 방사선 치료를 종료한 환자들의 $80\%$(8/10)에서 반응을 보였다. 4. 반응이 시작되는 선량은 1,000cGy-6,010cGy의 범위에 들어 있으며 중앙치는 2,880cGy였고 평균치는 2,993 cGy였다. 5. Kaplan-Meier 방식에 의한 15주와 30주 생존율은 전예에서는 $60\%$와 $46\%$였고 계획된 방사선 치료를 종료한 환자들에서는 $77\%$와 $51\%$였다. 6. 4예에서는 연하곤란의 재발 없이 90주 이상 생존하고 있다.

• 대한핵의학회지
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.526-532
• /
• 1995

두경부의 악성 종양의 진단에서 $^{99m}Tc$-(V)-DMSA 영상술은 비교적 높은 양성율을 보여 주었고 (Planar 65%, SPECT 90%), 원격 전이부위의 영상진단에도 도움이 되었다. 그러나 $^{99m}Tc$-(V)-DMSA는 두경부의 양성 병변에도 섭취가 될 수 있어, 판독 시 임상검사 및 다른 영상소견과의 비교검토가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.129-133
• /
• 1986

한 환자에서 두개 이상의 중복암이 발생하는 경우는 매우 드물게 알려져 왔으나 근래에 들어와 치료법의 발달로 환자의 수명이 연장되고 진단법이 발달되면서 그 보고가 증가되고 또한 관심도 높아지고 있는 상태이다. 따라서 이런 중복암을 가진 환자의 특성을 분석함으로써 발생할 수 있는 2차 3차 암의 조기 발견 및 나아가서는 발암 물질과 유전적 요인 등을 찾아 암의 치료 및 예방에 이응 할 수 있겠다. 이에 $1978.7\~1986.8$까지 8년간 서울 대학교 병원에서 중복암으로 진단되어 치료받은 121예를 대상으로 하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 전체 발생율은$0.7\%$이 있으며 이중 2중복암이 119례, 3중복암이 2례 있었다. 동시성은 (6개월 이내) 51례, 속발성은 (6개월 이상) 70례이었으며 속발성의 경우 $70\%$이상에서 3년내에 2차 암이 발생했다. Moertel분류에 의한 mvlticentriz은 $11.6\%$로 다소 낮은 빈도를 보였으며 다른 장기에 발생한 중복암 중에서는 위암과 간암, 위암과 직장암의 빈도가 가장 높았다.