• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제16권13호
• /
• pp.5521-5524
• /
• 2015

Purpose: This analysis was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of icotinib based regimens in treating patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Clinical studies evaluating the efficacy and safety of icotinib-based regimens with regard to response and safety for patients with NSCLC were identified using a predefined search strategy. Pooled response rates of treatment were calculated. Results: With icotinib-based regimens, 7 clinical studies which including 5,985 Chinese patients with NSCLC were considered eligible for inclusion. The pooled analysis suggested that, in all patients, the positive reponse rate was 30.1% (1,803/5,985) with icotinib-based regimens. Mild skin itching, rashes and diarrhea were the main side effects. No grade III or IV renal or liver toxicity was observed. No treatment-related death occurred in patients treated with icotinib-based regimens. Conclusions: This evidence based analysis suggests that icotinib based regimens are associated with mild response rate and acceptable toxicity for treating Chinese patients with NSCLC.

• 대한의생명과학회지
• /
• 제27권3호
• /
• pp.111-120
• /
• 2021

Asbestos products had been widely used until 2007 in Korea since the 1930s. A total ban on their production and applications has been imposed because of the toxic effect of asbestos fibers on the human health. The inhaled asbestos fibers increase reactive oxygen species and inflammatory reactions in the respiratory airway including the alveolar sac, resulting in DNA damages and secretion of several inflammatory cytokines or chemokines. These paracrine communications promote the proliferation of fibroblasts and the synthesis of collagen fibers, thereby depositing them into the extracellular matrix at the interstitial space of alveoli. The fibrotic tissue hindered the gas exchange in the alveolus. This reviews describes not only the cytotoxic effects of asbestos fibers with different physical or chemical characteristics but also the interaction of cells that make up the respiratory airway to understand the molecular or cellular mechanisms of asbestos fiber-induced toxicity. In addition, we propose a pulmonary toxicity research technique based on the mini-lung that can mimic human respiratory system as an alternative to overcome the limitations of the conventional risk assessment of asbestos fibers.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.409-412
• /
• 2013

Curcumin (Cum) has been reported to have potential chemo-preventive and chemotherapeutic activity through influencing various processes, inducing cell cycle arrest, differentiation and apoptosis in a series of cancers. However, the poor solubility of Cum limits its further applications in the treatment of cancer. We have previously reported Cum-loaded nanoparticles (Cum-NPs) prepared with amphilic methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-polycaprolactone (mPEG-PCL) block copolymers. The current study demonstrated superior antitumor efficacy of Cum-NPs over free Cum in the treatment of lung cancer. In vivo evaluation further demonstrated superior anticancer effects of Cum-NPs by delaying tumor growth compared to free Cum in an established A549 transplanted mice model. Moreover, Cum-NPs showed little toxicity to normal tissues including bone marrow, liver and kidney at a therapeutic dose. These results suggest that Cum-NPs are effective to inhibit the growth of human lung cancer with little toxicity to normal tissues, and could provide a clinically useful therapeutic regimen. They thus merit more research to evaluate the feasibility of clinical application.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제14권8호
• /
• pp.4801-4804
• /
• 2013

Purpose: To investigate short-term response rate, quality of life and toxicities of mannan peptide combined with TP regimen in treating patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Patients and Methods: Forty one patients with NSCLC were divided into an experimental group treated with TP regimen combined with mannan peptide (21 patients) and a control group treated with TP alone (20 patients). Results: Response rates were 61.9% (13/21) for the experimental and 60% (12/20) for the control group (p>0.05). Regarding toxicity, white blood cell decreased more frequently in the control group (65%, 13/20) than in the experimental group (33.3%, 7/21) (p<0.05); nausea and vomiting also occurred more frequently in the control group (55%, 11/20 vs 23.8%, 5/21) (p<0.05). In terms of quality of life, this index was improved by 57.1% (12/21) and 25% (5/20) in experimental and control groups, respectively (p<0.05). Conclusions: Response rate of TP after combined with mannan peptide is mildly increased, while this combination alleviates bone marrow suppression as well as nausea and vomiting of TP, and improves quality of life when treating patients with NSCLC. However, this conclusion should be confirmed by randomized clinical trails.

• Toxicological Research
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.51-59
• /
• 1990

Effects of altering hepatic mixed-function oxidase (MFO) enzyme activities on the metabolism and acute toxicity of parathio were investigated in adult female rats. In vitro hepatic metabolism of parathion to paraoxon was increased by phenobarbital pretreatment (50 mg/kg/day, ip, for 4 consecutive days) and SKF 525-A (50 mg/kg, ip, 1 hr prior to sacrifice) decreased paraoxon formation indicating that phenobarbital induces that form(s) of cytochrome P-450 catalyzing conversion of parathion to paraoxon. Degradation of paraoxon to p-nitrophenol was increased by phenobarbital pretreatment, but not affected by SKF 525-A suggesting that MFO activities play only a minor role in the detoxification of the active metabolite of this insecticide. The phenobarbital-induced increase in paraoxon formation was partially antagonized by SKF 525-A. Significant activity for both parathion activation and paraoxon degradation was also observed in the lung preparation, however, this extrahepatic parathion and paraoxon metabolizing activity was not induced by phenobarbital or inhibited by SKF 525-A pretreatment. Phenobarbital pretreatment increased paraoxon level in livers of rats when measured 3 hr following parathion injection (2 mg/kg, ip). SKF 525-A did not alter parathion or paraoxon levels in brain, blood and liver. Phenobarbital pretreatment decreased the toxicity of parathion (4mg/kg, ip) or paraoxon (1.5 mg/kg, ip) as determined by decreases in lethality and inhibition of brain and lung acetylcholinesterases. An additional SKF 525-A treatment failed to decrease the protective effects of phenobarbital against parathion or paraoxon toxicity. These results suggest that some unknown factors other than hepatic MFO induction are involved in the protective action of phenobarbital against parathion and paraoxon toxicity.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• 제41권1호
• /
• pp.51-57
• /
• 1994

저자들은 만성 심방성 세동환자에서 amiodarone 저용량으로 사용하던 중 폐독성이 발생된 1예를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 이를 보고하는 바이다.

• Toxicological Research
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.217-224
• /
• 2012

In recent decades, titanium dioxide ($TiO_2$) nanoparticles have been used in various applications, including paints, coatings, and food. However, data are lacking on the toxicological aspects associated with their use. The aim of this study was to assess the inhalation toxicity of $TiO_2$ nanoparticles in rats by using inhalation exposure. Male Wistar rats were exposed to $TiO_2$ nanoparticles for 2 weeks (6 hr/day, 5 days/week) at a mean mass concentration of $11.39{\pm}0.31mg/m^3$. We performed time-course necropsies at 1, 7, and 15 days after exposure. Lung inflammation and injury were assessed on the basis of the total and individual cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and by biochemical assays, including an assay for lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Furthermore, histopathological examination was performed to investigate the lungs and nasal cavity of rats. There were no statistically significant changes in the number of BALF cells, results of biochemical assays of BALF and serum, and results of cytokine analysis. However, we did observe histopathological changes in the nasal cavity tissue. Lesions were observed at post-exposure days 1 and 7, which resolved at post-exposure day 15. We also calculated the actual amounts of $TiO_2$ nanoparticles inhaled by the rats. The results showed that the degree of toxicity induced by $TiO_2$ nanoparticles correlated with the delivered quantities. In particular, exposure to small particles with a size of approximately 20 nm resulted in toxicity, even if the total particle number was relatively low.

• 공업화학
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.145-153
• /
• 2009

본 연구는 투명한 섬유유연제 제조용 양이온 계면활성제인 ASCO EAQ80의 개발 완료 후 이 제품의 안전성과 관련된 평가를 받기 위하여 실시되었다. 시험은 급성 경구투여 독성시험과 유전 독성시험으로 나뉘어 진행되었으며, 랫드를 이용한 경구 단회 투여 독성시험 결과, $LD_{50}$는 5000 mg/kg를 초과하는 것으로 판단되었으며, Globally Harmonized Classification System의 기준에 의해 Category 5 또는 Unclassified로 분류되었다. 시험물질인 ASCO EAQ80의 복귀돌연변이 유발성에 대해서, 살모넬라균(TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537) 및 대장균(WP2uvrA (pKM101))을 이용하여 대사활성화 및 비대사활성화의 경우에서 변이원성 시험을 실시하였고, 그 결과는 모두 음성으로 판정되었다. 또한, 염색체이상 유발성 여부를 검색하기 위하여 Chinese Hamster Lung (CHL/IU) 배양세포를 이용하여 염색체이상시험을 수행하였으며, 시험물질인 ASCO EAQ80은 단시간처리법 및 연속처리법의 경우 대사활성계 적용여부에 관계없이 Chinese Hamster Lung (CHL/IU) 배양세포에 대해 염색체이상을 유발하지 않는 것으로 확인되었다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• 제52권5호
• /
• pp.463-474
• /
• 2002

배 경 : 전체 폐암의 75%를 차지하고 있는 비소세포폐암의 항암요법은 Cisplatin을 근간으로 하여 최근 여러 가지 새로운 항암제들이 개발되어 사용하고 있다. Cisplatin의 충분한 항암효과를 기대할 수 있는 용량을 결정하는데 중요한 것이 용량 제한성 (dose-limiting) 부작용으로, 결국 악성종양세포와 정상세포를 구분할 수 없어 발생하게 되며 이는 한번의 고용량(single high dose) 및 축적되는 용량(cumulative dose) 모두에서 생길 수 있어 최근 화학적 보호제제들을 사용 하여 이러한 cisplatinn의 용량 제한성 부작용들을 최소화시키면서 고용량의 cisplatin을 시도해 항암효과를 강화시키려는 연구가 많이 시행되고 있다. 방 법 : 비소세포폐암세포주(폐선암과 폐편평상피암)와 정상 폐포상피세포주에서 각각 단계적으로 cisplatin용량을 고용량으로 증량시키면서 세포독성효과를 먼저 비교 하고 다시 glutathione을 함께 투여하였을 때 glutathione이 고용량 cisplatin의 세포독성에 미치는 효과를 각 세포주들에서 비교하였다(SPSS 10.0 ANOVA test p<0.05) 결 과 : 폐선암세포주는 결과의 차이가 심해 비교하기가 힘드나 나타난 결과로 볼 때 glutathione의 투여는 cisplatin의 항암효과를 상쇄시켜 임상에서 투여하는데는 문제가 있을 것으로 생각된다. 폐편평상피암세포 주와 정상폐상피세포주 두가지를 같은 cisplatin 농도와 glutathione 농도에서 비교하였는데 Cisplatin 농도는 0, 30, 60, 125 ${\mu}g$/ml의 4 단계의 농도에서 비교 하였고 결과는 편평상피폐암세포주에서는 glutathione 농도 100 ${\mu}g$/ml 에서 76.6-81.5%, 250 ${\mu}g$/ml에서 80.5-93.2% 정도로 생존율을 나타내고 정상폐상피세포주에서 glutathione농도 100, 250 ${\mu}g$/ml 모두에서 91.5-100%까지 90%이상의 생존율을 유지하였다. (ANOVA test p<0.05) 결 론 : glutathione은 정상폐상피세포주에서 고농도 cisplatin에 의한 세포독성에 대한 보호효과가 크다.

• 한국생명과학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국생명과학회 2007년도 제48회 학술심포지움 및 추계국제학술대회
• /
• pp.75.2-75.2
• /
• 2007

See Full Text