• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.60 no.6
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• pp.74-88
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• 2010

This study investigates the relevance between the subjective age and clothing shopping orientation by adults women located in the cities of Seoul and Gyeonggi. The results are following. First, subjective age was identified with interest age, look age, and physical age. Customers were segmented into following five subdivisions: young activity group, actual age group, young appearance group, physical aging group and youth-oriented group. When the study examined differences between real age and subjective age, the study could see that they perceived themselves younger four years than real age- 50s: 7 years, 40s: 5 years, the latter half of 30s: 2.7 years and the former half of 30s: 1.7 years. Second, clothing shopping orientation was identified with planned shopping orientation, leisure shopping orientation, loyal shopping orientation, economic shopping orientation and convenient shopping orientation. Customers were segmented into following three subdivisions: shopping low-involved group, loyal leisure group and planned leisure oriented group. Third, interest age was of no relevance to clothing shopping orientation. On the other hand, look age had negative correlation with leisure shopping orientation and convenient shopping orientation and physical age had a negative relationship with leisure shopping orientation and loyal shopping orientation but had positive correlation with economic shopping orientation. Fourth, in clothing purchase, clothing purchase answerers who were younger five years than actual age had the highest frequency. It means that they purchase clothing according to subjective age perceived younger four years on average.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.57-71
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• 2018

Since consumers have become more comfortable with providing and receiving information online, 'online word of mouth' has been gaining consideration as one of the major information sources. Also, the shopping orientation of consumers has been proven to be an important determinant of consumer behavior. Therefore, the study investigated the differences in online WOM behavior based on shopping orientation. Hedonic, loyal, and syntonic styles were the types of shopping orientation considered, and the study focused on information retrieval tendencies, the motivation of online WOM search, searching online WOM sources, and the contents for the online WOM behavior. The research conducted an off-line survey targeting females in their twenties. The total number of data sets used in the empirical study was 125, and these were analyzed by SPSS 20.0: factors analysis, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, k-means cluster, ANOVA, Duncan's multiple range test, Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, and Bonferroni correction. The participants were divided into 3 kinds of shopping orientation groups named 'trend-pursuit', 'passive', and 'loyal'. As a result, there were significant differences in online WOM behavior discovered between the groups. Firstly, the 'trend-pursuit' group had the highest number of ongoing searches while the 'loyal' group had the highest number of pre-purchase search. Secondly, the 'trend-pursuit' and 'loyal' groups both had the motivations of online WOM search, hedonic and utility, whereas the 'passive' group had the lowest motivations for both motivations. Thirdly, the 'loyal' group frequently referred to reviews on shopping malls as online WOM sources. The research provided a better understanding of the online WOM behavior of present consumers and suggests that fashion related corporations map out marketing strategies with the understanding of these behaviors.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.43-54
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to help male-clothing companies in investigating male shopping orientation and information source with clothing benefits. As for the method of the research, 428 male consumers were the object for the data of this research. The major results of this study are as follows : 1. The dimensions of clothing benefits were composed of the better appearances, the social status, the personality and the comfort. The dimensions of shopping orientation were composed of pleasant, planned, loyal and individual shopping orientations. 2. The consumer with clothing benefits were classified three groups: better appearances, comfort and careless. In the consumer's classified shopping orientation the group of pursuing personality and better appearances were given higher score at each level, while careless group was given the lowest score at each level of shopping orientation. 3. In case of using information source with classified consumers, the group of personality and better appearances got information through the marketer-oriented information source and neutral information source, the group of pursuing comfort got lots of information through human information source, the group seldom used all information source.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.1367-1377
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• 2001

Cousumers developed self-image through clothing symbolic product for reveal one’self image. When consumers select particular brand of various brand in the market that congruent with one’self image. They have to continue image. In this purpose, the research model was constituted and the questionnaire was made, reviewing preceding studies on self-image, shopping orientation. As for the method of the research, 635 female consumers were the object for the data of this research. The major results of this were as follows: 1. The factor or real self-image was composed of four factors: the refined and deluxe image, casual and simple image, decorous and dressy image, quiet and feminine image. 2. The consumer with real self-image were classified three groups: the group of feminine and dressy image 288 persons, the group of casual image 167 persons and poor image 171 persons. In the consumer’s classified real purchasing brand-image the group of feminine and dressy image was given higher score at feminine and refined and deluxe image, the group of casual image was given higher score at casual and active. 3. The factor of shopping orientation was composed of four factors: pleasant, planned, loyal, recreational shopping orientation. The group of feminine and dressy image was given higher score at pleasant and planned shopping orientation, the group of casual image was given lower score loyal and confident shopping orientation than the other group.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.326-336
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• 2009

The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between narcissistic and cosmetics shopping orientation of female consumers. The data were collected in Busan, Daegu and Ulsan, and 301 data were used for analysis. The aforementioned were analyzed utilizing frequency, factor and multiple regression analysis using SPSS Win 12.0. The results showed as follows. First, the factors related to narcissistic orientation were entitlement, leadership/superiority, self-reliance, self-intoxication, achievable desire and self-absorption. Second, the factors related to cosmetics shopping orientation were impulsive, economic, self-confidence, exploratory, brand/store loyal, shopping convenience, traffic convenience, prudence, pleasure, famous brand inclination and independent. Third, narcissistic orientation and cosmetics shopping orientation were significantly differences impulsive, economic, self-confidence, exploratory, shopping convenience, pleasure and famous brand inclination orientation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.31 no.4 s.163
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• pp.540-550
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• 2007

The study investigated the effect of shopping orientations of male and female consumers on the attitude toward sales clerk's service and shopping environments. The subjects of the study were male and female consumers who were residents in Seoul. Among the 400 distributed questionnaires, 364 questionnaires were used for data analysis. Statistical analyses used for the study were cluster analysis, t-test, ANOVA, Duncan's multiple range test, and $X^2-test$. The results showed that shopping orientations of male and female consumers had 6 factors: pleasure, economic, store loyal, planned, convenience, and impulsive. These 6 factors were classified into 5 groups by cluster analysis: pleasure/impulsive group, planned group, economic/ convenient group, planned/store loyal group, and low interest group. In regard to the differences among the five shopping orientation groups, the result showed that the groups were significantly different concerning the attitude toward sales clerk's service and shopping environments. In addition, male and female consumers were significantly different in shopping orientations, and the attitude toward sales clerk's service and shopping environment. For example, female consumers sought more pleasurable shopping while male consumers sought more store loyal shopping. Based on the findings of this study, the marketing strategies can be developed fur the specific segmented groups.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.121-133
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• 2001

The study is designed to classify consumer groups based on their clothing shopping orientation and to examine the relationship among clothing shopping orientation, satisfaction to the shop-master, and factors of the shop-master's nature to understand clothing shopping orientation of women from 18 to 35. The final analysis was performed with 447 (consumers) ailed 336 (shop-masters) pieces of questionnaire. The data was analysed with SAS statistics package. The results of this study are as follows : 1. Clothing shopping orientation were composed of four dimensions : recreational shopping orientation, convenience/economic shopping orientation, store/brand loyalty shopping orientation, and shopping confidence. 2. In the satisfaction to the shop-master, the consumer was not satisfied by the appearance, product-presentation, and consumer-management of the shop-master but kindness, trust, and product-explanation by the shop-master. The shop-master guessed that consumers were completely satisfied. 3. The consumer had an influence on product-understanding, response, and consumer-understanding of the shop-master, and the shop-master guessed that consumers had an influence on every thing of shop-master. 4. The more consumers were store/brand loyal, the more they were satisfied with tole shop-master, and had an influence on the factors of the shop-master's nature. But consumers were confident on the shopping, were not shown to be significantly different in the satisfaction of the shop-master and the factors of the shop-master's nature.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.54-67
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• 1999

The purpose of this study were (1) to segment the female college students according to apparel shopping orientation and (2) to create a profile for each group with regard to impotance of store attributes, use of information sources, and self-image. The questionnaire were administered to the female college students living in Seoul and data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, factor analysis, cluster analysis, one-way ANOVA(analysis of variance), and MANOVA(multivariate analysis of variance). By cluster analysis of apparel shopping orientation factors, four groups are identified : (1) highly involved apparel shopper (44.34%), (2) brand-loyal shopper (24.43%), (3) planned / practical shopper, and (4) apathetic shopper (18.10%) Four groups were then compared through MANOVA on importance of store attributes, use of information, and self-image. Significant differences were found among four groups on three variables. In general. highly involved shopper tend not to be price conscious, enjoy shopping and use the information sources most actively and apathetic shoppers tend to be indifferent to apparel shopping and do not actively use the information sources.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.39 no.11
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• pp.73-88
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• 2001

Apparel has been generally considered to be high involvement merchandise. But, there are many kinds of merchandises with various attributes within the apparel category. Among apparel merchandises, innerwears have been known to be relatively low-involved and convenience products. Lately, many brands with brand name, high quality, and fashionability were launched, and innerwear consumers became more sophisticated and individualized. Therefore, investigating the shopping orientations and behavious of innerwear consumers is needed. Consumers perceived the images and attributes of competing brands to be similar. So, those brands in competition need to establish differentiation strategy. Generally, the innerwear shopping orientation of consumers was passive and low-involved. But, they could be segmented into apathetic group, brand oriented/loyal group, and rational/economic purchaser group. These groups showed significant differences in demographic characteristics, store patronage, and information sources of innerwear. Therefore, there are consumer groups with various shopping orientations and purchasing behaviors in the innerwear market.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.84-98
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• 2012

This study examines the children's wear purchasing behavior of younger generation women (the missy group) and in the new-silver generation (retired). The data collected in the study were examined with a view to establish effective marketing strategies within the children's wear market, a market where the age and characteristics of the actual purchasers of the products have become more diverse. A descriptive survey method using a self-administered questionnaire was employed. The sample consisted of 398 females between the ages of 28 and 64 residing in Seoul and the Gyeonggi-do area. Data collected were analyzed by frequency, t-test, ANOVA, factor analysis, cluster analysis, and Cronbach's alpha coefficients. Respondents were classified into 4 groups by their clothes shopping orientation: conformable/brand conscious purchasing type, planned purchasing/enjoy shopping type, store/brand loyal impulse-oriented type, and dependent/low shopping interest type. There were differences between the missy and the new- silver generations under consideration. It is clear from the study that, even though some individuals of the missy group and of new-silver group belonged to the same shopping orientation type, individuals still showed differences with regard to children's wear purchasing behavior.