• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2014

PURPOSE: In this study, we tried to find out what kind of exercise was more effective in sleep disorder by comparing melatonin in blood after applying low intensity with high intensity exercise to sleep disordered rats induced by experiment. METHODS: We used male Sprague-Dawley rats which were 8weeks old and weighted 300g. They were supplied with water and food without any restriction. We kept the room temperature at $25^{\circ}C$ and controld the length of day and night in 12 hours blocks, respectively. We divided the rats 60 into 2 groups. To one group we applied low intensity exercise, and to the other we applied high intensity exercise for 15minutes per day over a period of 4 weeks. We extracted the blood from abdominal aorta before, after exercise, moved into EDTA tube, performed centrifugation. We decanted the serum $200{\mu}l$ from the blood into microcentrifuge tube by samples and moved into polypropylene culture tubes with micro pipette. We split enzyme solution $50{\mu}l$ into the tubes with melatonin direct kits and make them react at $37^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours. We split assay buffer $50{\mu}l$ into each tube and mixed melatonin tracer $50{\mu}l$ and melatonin antiserum $50{\mu}l$, respectively. After we made them react in room temperature, we decanted the superficial layer with a centrifuge and measured the activity for 1 minute by competitive method with ${\gamma}$-counter equipment. We draw a standard curve through logit-log graph with CPM(counts per minute) and counted the melatonin by B/B0. We conducted independent t-test to examine the homogeneous of melatonin value of before low-intensity and high-intensity exercise. We performed paired t-test to compare before and after low-intensity and high-intensity exercise, respectively. We carried out independent t-test to compare melatonin value after low-intensity and high-intensity exercise. Significance level was .05. RESULTS: The results were as follows; firstly melatonin was more increased in the group who was exposed to high intensity exercise when we compared before to after high and low intensity exercise, respectively. Secondly, high intensity exercise was more effective than low intensity exercise when we compared the two. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, secretion of melatonin which is the material of sleep improvement could be promoted by high intensity exercise. Low intensity exercise acted as a stress rather than improving sleep and had a negative effect on the secretion of melatonin because the melatonin was affected by stress.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.352-358
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of various exercise intensity on Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR), excess post exercise energy expenditure (EPEE), and thyroid hormonal changes in trained (TR) and untrained (UT) people. The subject of the present study were divided into two groups and four periods: trained (TR; n=6) and untrained (UT; n=6) group. And the periods were divided as follows; Resting (R), Maximal (M), High intensity (H), and Low intensity (L). The percent body fat and RMR of all subjects were measured at every periods. The RMR was measured early in the morning following a 12-hour fast using MMX3B gas analyzer and blood sample were collected from the anticubital vein to investigate thyroid hormonal (T3, T4, Free T3, Free T4, & TSH) changes. All the RMR values were expressed as absolute value/BSA $(kcal/d/m^2)$. And We also analyzed mean energy expenditure for 30 minutes during and after different intensity exercise. There was significant difference in RMR among different intensity of exercise. in TR (p < .05) not in the UT group. however, there was no significant different percent body fat in TR and in UT group. In the energy expenditure, there was significant different between TR and UT in HEE (high intensity exercise energy expenditure), LEE (low intensity exercise energy expenditure), HEEPE (high intensity exercise energy expenditure post exercise) & LEEPE (low intensity exercise expenditure post exercise). In the hormonal level, there was significant different in T4 level in the TR group at H period and in T4, Free T3, & Free T4 levels in TR group at L period, however there was no significant different in the UT group. The present cross-sectional study was design to investigate the relationship between exercise intensity and RMR. The focus of this investigation was to compare RMR in aerobically trained (TR) and untrained (VI). The relationship among RMR, exercise intensity and percent body fat would best be investigated using MMX3B and body composition analyzer. Each subject completed measurement of percent body fat, RMR, hormone in the period of maximal oxygen uptake exercise (M), high intensity exercise (H), and low intensity exercise (L). From the results, Low intensity of exercise (L), there was a trend for an increased RMR (kcal/day) in the TR not for the UT. This is best explained not by the reduced percent body fat but by the highly induced energy expenditure (during exercise and post exercise energy expenditure) and increased T4, Free T3, and Free T4 hormonal levels in the low intensity exercise for the TR group.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.63-69
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• 2015

PURPOSE: Low-intensity exercise with transient restriction of blood flow to muscle could be an alternative rehabilitation method which avoids the problems associated with conventional high-intensity exercise. However, the mechanism of low-intensity exercise with transient restriction of blood flow is not clearly known. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism of improvement of muscular function after low-intensity exercise with transient restriction of blood flow using H-reflex analysis. METHODS: Twenty one healthy young adults with no medical history of neurological or musculoskeletal disorder voluntarily participated in this study. The ${\alpha}$-motor neuron excitability of the triceps surae was assessed using the H-reflex. The amplitude of the M-wave and H-reflex were measured across three conditions: rest, after low-intensity exercise without restriction of blood flow and after low-intensity exercise with restriction of blood flow. The subjects performed low-intensity ankle plantar flexion exercise at their own pace for one minute without or with transient restriction of blood flow achieved by a sphygmomanometer cuff on popliteal fossa at a pressure of 120mm of mercury(120 mmHg). RESULTS: No significant changes of the excitability of the ${\alpha}$-motor neuron were obtained across three different conditions. CONCLUSION: This study found that low-intensity exercise with transient restriction of blood flow did not influence to ${\alpha}$-motor neuron excitability of the triceps surae. From the results, I could come to the conclusion that further study will be required.

• 대한지역사회작업치료학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.85-92
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• 2014

목적 : 본 연구의 목적은 운동 강도에 따른 지속적인 운동습관이 수면장애 성인에게 어떠한 영향을 줄 수 있는지 알아보고 수면장애에 효과적인 운동 강도를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 본 연구는 K시에 거주하는 수면장애를 가진 30, 40대 성인 남성 90명을 대상으로 하였다. 집단은 고강도 운동집단 30명, 중강도 운동집단 30명, 저강도 운동집단 30명으로 구성하였다. 세 집단의 총 수면지수와 멜라토닌 농도의 비교를 통하여 수면장애의 운동 강도별 효과를 비교하였다. 결론 : 수면장애의 운동 강도별 운동을 수행한 결과, 운동 수행 전, 후의 총 수면지수에서 고강도와 중강도의 운동이 유의성이 있었지만 수면장애에서는 중강도 운동이 효과적이었고, 운동수행 전, 후의 멜라토닌 농도 변화에서도 중강도 운동이 효과적이었다. 결론 : 본 연구의 결론은 성인의 수면장애는 지속적인 운동이 효과가 있지만 저강도 운동과 고강도 운동보다는 중강도 운동이 효과적임을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.345-354
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a low intensity exercise program with telephone coaching on the physical fitness and physiological index of elderly women who are receiving home visiting health program. Methods: This study was conducted using a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The participants were 53 senior citizens. The subjects (15) in experimental group 1 performed only a low-intensity exercise program and the subjects (16) in experimental group 2 performed a low intensity exercise program with telephone coaching for 16 weeks. The low intensity exercise program consisted of muscle strength band exercise, stretching, and hand exercise using balls. Results: There were statistical differences in the right grip strength (p=.030), left grip strength (p=.035), raising behind of right arm (p=.046), raising behind of left arm (p=.045), postprandial blood sugar (p=.021), body mass index (p=.029). Conclusion: The low intensity exercise program with telephone coaching is recommended as a physical fitness and physiological index for elderly women in a home visiting health program.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.76-81
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• 2007

The effect of either low or high intensity four weeks exercise treadmill running on the activation of the extracellular-signal regulated protein kinase (ERK1/2) and the c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK) pathways was determined in rat tibialis muscle. Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to one of three groups: (i) sedentary group(NE; n=10); (ii) low intensity exercise group (8m/min; LIE; n=10); and (iii) high intensity exercise group(28m/min; HIE; n=10). The training regimens were planned so that animals covered the same distance and had similar glycogenutilization for both LIE and HIE exercise sessions. After four weeks exercise, 48 h after the last exercise bout obtained samples. pERK1 increased 1.5 times comparing with the sedentary group in the low intensity group while it increased 11.7 times in high intensity group, in the tibialis of rats. In the low intensity group, pERK2 increased 1.4 times comparing with the sedentary group while it increased 3.3 times in high intensity group. While pJNK1 decreased 0.9 times, comparing with the sedentary group, pJNK2 was increased to 0.5 times in the low intensity group. But in high intensity group, pJNK2 decreased 0.7 times while pJNK1 didn't show any change. In conclusion, Four weeks exercise of different intensities results in tibialis muscle activation of intracellular signal pathways, which may be one mechanism regulating specific adaptations induced by different exercise intensities.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.119-129
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• 2024

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a low-intensity combined exercise program on daily physical fitness parameters such as balance, flexibility, muscle strength, and fear of falling of elderly women in the community. METHODS: This study assigned 30 elderly women randomly into two groups: The control and experimental groups. The control group (n = 15) underwent routine gait. The experimental group (n = 15) underwent the low-intensity combined exercise. The exercise program in this study comprising combined exercise, including balance, flexibility, muscle strength training, and the exercise program using props was conducted twice a week for 8 weeks. RESULTS: The average age of the control and experimental groups was 77.27 years and 78.33 years, respectively. There were significant differences in static balance (t = -4.167, p < .001), dynamic balance (t = 2.463, p < .001), (t = -3.870, p < .001), (t = -2.262, p < .001), (t = -5.732, p < .001), (t = -6.573, p < .001), and fear of falling (t = -5.129, p < .001). CONCLUSION: The results show that low-intensity combined exercise is an effective intervention that improves physical health fear of falling in older women. The combined exercise program was found to be more effective in terms of physical function and fall-related psychological function compared to the control group that only walked.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2015

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise intensity and initial timing on functional recovery following sciatic nerve injury in rats. METHODS: Total of 80 Sprague-Dawley rats was used and randomly divided 6 groups. Under deep anesthesia, the sciatic nerve was nipped by adapted hemostatic tweezers for 30 seconds and the injured nerve was transparent under naked eyes. Acute exercise groups was applied treadmill after sciatic nerve crush injury during 5days with three type intensity. Late exercise groups was also applied treadmill during 5 days with three type intensity after 5 days break. Values of sciatic functional index were measured and analyzed in each group after exercise period. RESULTS: The sciatic functional index values between control groups 1, acute low-intensity group, acute middle-intensity group in acute phase showed statistical significant (p<.05). The sciatic functional index values between control groups 2, late low-intensity group, late middle-intensity group and late high-intensity in late phase showed statistical significant (p<.05). The comparison in acute and late phase, sciatic functional index values of each low-intensity group and each high-intensity group showed statistical significant (p<.05). CONCLUSION: Whether at acute or late phase, treadmill exercise as a therapy obtained beneficial effects of functional recovery and exercise training at low speed is more beneficial effects on the recovery of motor function in acute phase.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.753-758
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• 2011

본 연구는 만성 뇌졸중 환자를 대상으로 저강도의 저항운동과 유산소 운동 훈련을 적용하여 혈액학적 특성인 혈중 지질에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 뇌졸중으로 6개월 이상 장애를 가진 37명의 환자가 연구에 참여하였고, 저강도의 저항운동군 19명과 유산소운동군 18명으로 나뉘었다. 저강도 저항운동군은 저강도의 저항운동 훈련을 이용하여 50분씩 주 5회, 8주간 실시하였다. 운동 전과 후의 혈액학적 특성인 혈중 지질을 측정하여 본 연구의 효과를 비교하였다. 유산소운동군은 순수하게 유산소 운동만을 실시하였다. 통계처리 방법으로 실험 전. 후 차이를 검증하기 위하여 대응표본 t 검정을 실시하였다. 모든 통계적 유의수준은 .05로 하였다. 본 연구의 결과 저강도의 저항운동군은 혈액학적 특성에서 TG, TC HDL-C, LDL-C에서 통계적으로 유의하게 증가하였고(p<.05), 유산소 운동군에서는 TC와 LDL-C만 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났다(p<.05). 향후 만성 뇌졸중 환자에게 흥미를 유발하고 기능회복의 효과를 강화할 수 있는 저강도의 저항운동과 유산소성 운동 훈련을 환자의 시기별, 등급별로 적용 가능한 연구가 필요하다고 생각한다.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.457-466
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of low intensity exercise program with telephone coaching on the physical fitness of elderly people who are receiving home visiting nursing care. Method: This study was conducted using a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The participants were 61 elders. Elders (34) in the experimental group performed low intensity exercise and of these 16 received telephone coaching. The low intensity exercise program consisted of stretching, muscle strengthening with an elastic band, massage, and ball exercise, five days a week, for sixteen weeks. Data were collected from July 2007 to December 2007. $x^2$-test, ANCOVA with SPSS WIN 11.0 program were used to analyse the data. Results: There were statistical differences in the right grasping power in the right hand (p=0.021), Raising behind of right arm (p=0.006), Raising behind of left arm (p=0.007). Conclusion: These results indicate, that a low intensity exercise program with telephone coaching can help improve physical fitness in elders receiving served home visiting nursing care.