• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.179-198
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of parental resources and parenting stress on parenting efficacy in low-income families Furthermore, in order to verify whether parental resources function as a resilience factor, a structural model was established to assess the suitability and influence of the variables. A total of 603 parents of children and adolescents between the ages of 9-18 were selected from the data from Children and Adolescents Comprehensive Status Research (2009) by the Ministry for Health, Welfare and Family Affairs. For the analyses, SPSS WIN 18.0 and AMOS 18.0 were utilized. The major results were as follows: First, the suitability of the model was confirmed with variables presenting a satisfying fit. Second, parental resources had a negative effect on parenting stress and a positive effect on parenting efficacy. Third, parenting stress had a negative effect on parenting efficacy. Finally, a test of the structural equation model supports the hypothesis that parental resources have a significant direct effect as well as an indirect effect through parenting stress on parenting efficacy. The implications for further studies and practice were discussed.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제42권7호
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• pp.1039-1049
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• 2012

Purpose: From the holistic environmental perspective, individual and environmental influences on low-income children's questionable development were identified and examined as to differences in the influences according to the child's developmental stage of infancy (age 0-35 months) or early childhood (age 36-71 months). Methods: This study was a cross-sectional comparative design using negative binominal regression analysis to identify predictors of questionable development separately for each developmental stage. The sample was comprised of 952 children (357 in infancy and 495 in early childhood) from low-income families in South Korea. Predictors included individual factors: child's age and gender; proximal environmental influences: family factors (family health conditions, primary caregiver, child-caregiver relationship, depression in primary caregiver) and institution factors (daycare enrollment, days per week in daycare); and distal environmental influences: income/resources factors (family income, personal resources and social resources); and community factors (perceived child-rearing environment). The outcome variable was questionable development. Results: Significant contributors to questionable development in the infancy group were age, family health conditions, and personal resources; in the early childhood group, significant contributors were gender, family health conditions, grandparent as a primary caregiver, child-caregiver relationships, daycare enrollment, and personal resources. Conclusion: Factors influencing children's questionable development may vary by developmental stage. It is important to consider differences in individual and environmental influences when developing targeted interventions to ensure that children attain their optimal developmental goals at each developmental stage. Understanding this may lead nursing professionals to design more effective preventive interventions for low-income children.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.115-130
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• 2013

This study reviews the current status of Korean first graders, their experience with early care and education (ECE) programs, and their participation in private and after-school education. The research also examines how school adjustment during the first grade is related to family income, types of ECE programs, and participation in private and after-school education. Using the first year data of the Korean Child and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS) 2010, this study analyzes 752 first graders who attended only one of two types of ECE programs (child care centers or kindergartens), after which two 25% income extremes were examined. The analysis demonstrates that children from low-income households attended child care centers more often, while children from high-income households attended kindergartens more often. For both low-income and high-income groups, child care centers had a lower starting age and longer attendance periods than did kindergartens. High-income household children started attending ECE programs earlier, experienced more private and after-school education, and received a larger number of private and after-school educational lessons. For the second research purpose, children from low-income families showed better peer relations in school adjustment, while children attending child care centers showed better teacher relations than children attending kindergartens. Children with after-school education also exhibited better peer relations. These findings show the importance of government support for early learning, especially for low-income families and offer a foundation for developing private education polices for early childhood before and after school entry.

• 한국가족복지학
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.633-652
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• 2018

This study aimed to examine the direct effects of relationships with parents, peers, and community child center teachers on the school adjustment of low-income adolescents attending community child centers and the indirect effects mediated through adolescents' resilience. The second-term panel data from the fourth-year Community Child Center Survey was used to analyze 198 adolescents (103 boys, 95 girls) who were first graders at middle schools. SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 20.0 were used to analyze the data through structural equation modeling. The results of the study were as follows: Parental monitoring and peer trust had direct effects on the adolescents' school adjustment, while satisfaction with community child center teachers did not. Parental monitoring, peer trust, and satisfaction with community child center teachers had indirect effects on adolescents' school adjustment mediated through resilience. The school adjustment of low-income adolescents has received attention from both researchers and politicians. The results of this study are notable in that both the important relationships and resilience of low-income adolescents can significantly contribute to their school adjustment in their first year at middle school. Given the developmental needs of low-income adolescents, interventions for school adjustment that consider adolescents' important social contexts and psychological characteristics should be developed.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.65-82
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• 1987

Product characteristic approach and hedonic method were explained and applied to demand behavior of housing for 360 households sampled from four districts of Seoul. Th major findings are: 1) Housing prices are determined by housing characteristics, i.e., basic structure, interior space, interior quality, and neighborhood quality. 2) as income increase , the demand for basic structure, interior space, interior of quality, and neighbor hood quality increases. As compared to the counties that have advanced housing financial systems, income elasticity form housing characteristics was low. 3) householder's educational level has insignificant effects on the demand for neighborhood quality. 4) the housing need of family is different to a family life cycle. In the first stage, the increase of income enhances the demand for basic structure. interior space, and interior quality, but inversed with neighborhood quality. In the second and third stages, the demand for basic structure, interior space, and interior quality increases as the income increases. 5) It is predicted that the larger the family size, the more housing space is required. But in the low-income group, an increase in family size results in a decrease in the demand for interior space because expenses for food and education are indispensable ones. In the middle -income group the demand for interior space, interior quality increases as the family size increases, In the high-income group, the larger the family size the more interior quality is demanded. As mentioned above, the demand for housing is derived form characteristics and the demand behavior far housing characteristics is varied with individual household's characteristics. Therefore, the fact that different housing needs according to various income groups should be considered in housing policy.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.450-466
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• 2015

이 연구는 가구소득수준과 이사간 지역의 소득이 일치하지 않는, 교차소득 주거입지결정 요인에 관하여 분석하였다. 연구대상지는 미국 중서부, 오하이오 주에 위치한 프랜클린 카운티로서 1999년 오하이오 주립대학에서 자가거주 가구들을 대상으로 실시한 주거입지선택 결정요인에 관한 설문자료를 바탕으로 분석하였다. 연구방법으로는 설문에 참여한 가구와 프랜클린 카운티 내의 근린지구의 소득수준을 저, 중, 고소득으로 나눈 후 각 가구계층별로 교차소득 주거입지결정 요인에 관하여 다항로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과에 따르면 중산층 가구가 상위계층 지역으로 이주하는 이유는 학군과 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났으며 저소득계층 지역으로 이주하는 이유는 투자목적 때문인 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제11권12호
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• pp.4833-4842
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• 2010

본 연구는 치매노인을 돌보는 가족구성원의 일반적인 특성에 따른 스트레스 차이를 파악하고 스트레스에 영향을 미치는 관련요인을 분석하여 치매노인을 돌보는 가족구성원의 스트레스를 줄이는데 도움을 주고자 시도되었다. 조사대상은 서울 및 경기지역의 치매노인을 돌보는 가족구성원 72명이었다. 치매노인을 돌보는 가족구성원의 성, 연령, 거주지, 결혼상태, 동거가족수, 자녀수, 종교유무, 교육수준, 직업유무, 가계월수입, 치매노인과의 관계, 치매노인 수발년수, 치매노인수발로 인한 증상유무에 따른 스트레스를 t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test 및 다중회귀분석으로 검정하였다. 연구결과 치매노인을 돌보는 가족구성원의 스트레스가 높은 경우는 동거가족수가 1인인 치매노인과 단둘이 사는 경우, 교육수준이 초등학교 졸업 이하인 경우, 한 달 월수입이 200만원 이하인 경우, 치매노인을 돌보면서 증상이 생긴 경우이었다. 본 연구에서 치매노인을 돌보는 가족구성원의 스트레스와 관련이 있는 변수는 여자, 나이가 60-69세인 경우, 동거가족수가 1명으로 치매노인과 단둘이 사는 경우, 교육수준이 초등학교 졸업 이하인 경우, 한 달 월수입이 100-299만원인 경우, 며느리와 아들인 경우이었다. 본 연구에서는 특히 치매노인과 단둘이 사는 경우, 교육수준이 낮은 경우, 가계 월 수입이 적은 경우가 치매노인을 돌보는 가족구성원의 스트레스에 차이를 나타내는 변수이면서 관련요인이 되는 주요변수임을 제시하였다. 따라서 치매노인을 홀로 돌보는 가정, 교육수준이 낮은 가정, 가계 월 수입이 적은 가정에 대한 지원이 치매노인을 돌보는 가족구성원의 스트레스 줄이는데 기여할 것으로 추정된다.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.51-72
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• 2013

본 연구의 목적은 저소득가정 아동과 일반가정 아동간에 학교준비도가 차이가 있는지를 살펴보는 것이다. 특히 저소득가정 아동은 취약계층을 위한 교육지원사업인 드림스타트 참여 유무에 따라 학교준비도에 차이가 나타나는지를 살펴보고자 하였다. 그리고 아동의 연령과 성별에 따라 학교준비도에 차이가 나타나는지를 분석하였다. 연구대상은 만 4세, 만 5세 아동 184명을 대상으로 하여 학교준비도를 조사하였다. 수집된 자료는 기술통계, t검증, 일원변량분석, 이원변량분석, Scheff$\acute{e} $ 검증을 실시하여 분석하였다. 자료분석 결과, 학교준비도는 아동의 연령과 성별에 따른 상호작용효과가 나타났으며, 일반가정 아동의 학교준비도 수준이 저소득가정 아동보다 높게 나타났다. 그러나 저소득가정 아동 중에서 드림스타트 참여유무에 따라서는 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 이와 같은 결과를 통해 경제적으로 어려움이 있는 가정의 취학 전 아동이 학교준비도를 잘 갖출 수 있도록 적극적인 관심과 지원의 중요성을 강조하였다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.81-94
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to examine men's role conflicts of dual-earner family based on man's role type. Man's role type is composed of man's sex role attitude and family-role performance and categorized in four types such as traditionalism type neo-traditionalism type equalitarianism type and inconsistancy type. The test analysis can be summarized as follows; First test analysis can be summarized as follows; role performance and man's role conflict as working hours is long wife's role requirement is high family-role conflict as working hours is long wife's role requirement is high family-role is not commit man's role conflict directly affected. In addition indirect affect through family-role performance shows that man's role conflict level is low as level of income is high level of income difference between man and wife is low child is younger and intent to modern sex-role attitude. Second looking into the difference role conflict to man's role type it shows that equalita ianism type's role conflict is low and man's role conflict in traditionalism and neo-traditonalism types is high.

• 아동학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.81-92
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• 2004

This study examined whether parenting behaviors as perceived by low-income children have indirect effects on their school adjustment through ego-identity. The subjects were 148 6th grade children selected from three elementary schools in Seoul; family income was less than 2,000,000 won, Statistical techniques were Person's Correlation and Simple and Multiple Regression. Findings were that (1) Perceived parenting behavior was a significant predictor of the school adjustment in low-income children. (2) Perceived parenting behavior was a significant predictor of the ego-identity of low-income children. (3) When the effect of perceived supportive parenting behaviors was controlled, the effect of ego-identity of low-income children was significant. However, when the effect of ego-identity of low-income children was controlled, the effect of perceived supportive parenting behaviors became non-significant.