• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.394-400
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• 2012

We drew the stage-discharge relations of Byeokgye Stream, located in Yangpyeong-gun, Gyeonggi-do, and analysed the correlation between items of water pollutants by measuring the flow rate and water pollutants thirty-four times from April 2010 to December 2010. The results showed that it tended to be low water season from April to June and from October and December, while tending to be water season from July to September. The average flow rate was $2.137\;m^3/sec:\;0.464\;m^3/sec$ in low water season and $13.970\;m^3/sec$ in high water season. The stage-discharge curve thereon was $Q=40.107{\times}(h-1.200)^{2.877}$. As to the correlations, the correlation between the water temperature and COD was 0.58, and the correlations of SS with BOD and COD were 0.46 and 0.40 respectively. The correlation between SS and T-P was 0.73, showing higher than other items.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.59-67
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 갈수기 소하천에서 하천의 수질농도를 이용하여 하천의 유량을 측정할 수 있는 희석법을 적용하고 유속계를 이용한 유량측정법과 비교하였다. 본 연구에서 희석법에 의한 유량산정방법을 충북 보은의 내속하수처리장을 중심으로 갈수기에 조류 발생 하천인 달천에 대해 적용한 결과 유속단면적법에 의해 측정된 유량과 평균 $0.004m^3/sec$의 차이를 보였다. 본 연구에서 적용된 희석법에 의한 유량측정방법은 향후 다양한 상황에서 검증을 거쳐, 갈수기 소하천에서 조류 발생 등의 원인 규명을 위해 신속하게 유량을 측정할 필요가 있는 경우에 적용될 수 있을 것이다. 특히, 위어 등의 측정설비가 없거나 유속계를 사용할 수 없을 정도로 수심이 작은 경우, 그리고 유속계 등의 장비가 없는 경우, 또는 하천의 단면을 확실히 알지 못하는 경우 등 유량측정이 용이하지 않은 경우에 효과적으로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.37-46
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• 2005

In this study, field surveys were performed for 12 stations in main stream of Hongjechun and 3 stations in 2 tributaries, respectively, in order to find out dried reaches of the stream, and to examine the water quality of the stream, and to suggest methods to improve the stream concerned into eco-stream. In the results of water quality in stream, however distinct difference for seasonal variation of the water quality was not found, the water quality of winter was relatively better than that of other seasons. Annual mean concentration of BOD was 6.5mg/L in the upper reach, 11.8mg/L in the middle reach, 15.3mg/L in the lower reach of main stream, and total mean was 12.5mg/L, while the BOD concentration was 3.6mg/L in the upper reach, and was 9.6mg/L in the low reach of Gukichun, the tributary. Based on flow examination, the level of water depth was so low and the flow can not be traveled downstream in the reach between ST-9 and ST-10 for low water season, whereas it was observed that the flow was traveling except the dry season even the water level was lower than that of adjacent stations.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.113-124
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• 2007

갈수량(low flow)은 과거 자연상태 하천에서 갈수기에 흘렀던 유량으로서 자연과 사람이 공유할 수 있는 최소한의 유량이며, 이수측면에서 하천수의 공급능력을 평가하여 취수량을 설정하는 기준 유량이다. 일본과 우리나라에서는 평균갈수량과 기준갈수량을, 미국과 영국 등에서는 10년빈도 7일 갈수량($7Q_{10}$)을 갈수량 지표로 사용하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 위의 세 지표를 관측자료와 모의 생성자료를 이용하여 비교하고 고찰하여 보았다. 갈수량 산정을 위해서는 과거의 관측 유량자료가 필요하나 국내에는 수위관측시설이 한정되어 있을 뿐 아니라 홍수기에 비해 갈수기 자료가 턱없이 부족하여 갈수량 산정에 많은 어려움을 겪고 있다. 국내에서는 대부분 비유량법(drainage-area ratio method)으로 미계측유역의 갈수량을 산정하고 있다 본 연구에서는 미계측유역(ungauged basin)의 갈수량을 산정하기 위한 방법으로 비유량법과 지역회귀기법(regional regression method), 기저유량상관법(baseflow correlation method)을 국내에 적용하여 보고, 각 방법의 적용시 지침과 국내에 적합한 갈수량 산정방법을 제시하였다.

• 물과 미래
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.51-59
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• 2002

In recent years the human impact on the environment becomes increasing lift threatening, calls for the better management of resources. In field of water quality of river flow, the best way to conserve water quality is specific efforts to control the pollutant loadings and treat the loadings in the basin to reduce the discharge of pollutant loadings to river. But in general the water quality influenced by the dam discharge. Especially in dry season, it is more dominant way to improve the water quality which contaminated with the pollutant loadings from the basin. The dam discharge amounts of the 2 dams in the Keum River that maintain the down stream water quality were estimated for the year of 1999, 2001, 2006, 2011, in case of irrigation and non-irrigation seasons. The pollutant loadings for the basin are estimated with the planning of treatment plants construction schedule for every sub-basins. The river flow rates were considered low flow as 2.33 year low flow and 10 year low flow. The QUAL2E model was used as a tool of simulation.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2015년도 학술발표회
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• pp.233-233
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• 2015

Vu Gia - Thu Bon basin is located in central Vietnam between Truong Son mountain range on the border with Lao in the west and the East Sea in the east. The basin occupies about 10,350 km2 or roughly 90% of the Quang Nam Province and includes Da Nang, a very large city with about 876,000 inhabitants. Total annual rainfall ranges from about 2,000 mm in central and downstream areas to more than 4,000 mm in southern mountainous areas. Rainfall during the monsoon season accounts for 65 to 80% of total annual rainfall. The highest amount of rainfall occurs in October and November which accounts for 40 to 50% of the annual rainfall. Rainfall in the dry season represents about 20 to 35% of the total annual rainfall. The low rainfall season usually occurs from February to April, accounting for only 3 to 5% of the total annual rainfall. The mean annual flow volume in the basin is $19.1{\times}109m 3$. Similar to the distribution of rainfall, annual flows are distinguished by two distinct seasons (the flood season and the low-flow season). The flood season commonly starts in the mid-September and ends in early January. Flows during the flood season account for 62 to 69% of the total annual water volume, while flows in the dry season comprise 22 to 38% of total annual run-off. The water volume gauged in November, the highest flow month, accounts for 26 to 31% of the total annual run-off while the driest period is April with flows of 2 to 3% of the total annual run-off. There are some hydropower projects in the Vu Gia - Thu Bon basin as the cascade of Song Bung 2, Song Bung 4, and Song Bung 5, the A Vuong project currently under construction, the Dak Mi 1 and Dak Mi 4 projects on the Khai tributary, and the Song Con project on the Con River. Both the Khai tributary and the Song Con join the Bung River downstream of SB5, although the Dak Mi 4 project involves an inter-basin diversion to Thu Bon. Much attention has recently been focused on the effects that climate variability and human activities have had on runoff. In this study, data from the Vu Gia - Thu Bon River Basin in the central of Viet Nam were analyzed to investigate changes in annual runoff during the period of 1977-2010. The nonparametric Mann-Kendall test and the Mann-Kendall-Sneyers test were used to identify trend and step change point in the annual runoff. It was found that the basin had a significant increasing trend in annual runoff. The hydrologic sensitivity analysis method was employed to evaluate the effects of climate variability and human activities on mean annual runoff for the human-induced period based on precipitation and potential evapotranspiration. This study quantitatively distinguishes the effects between climate variability and human activities on runoff, which can do duty for a reference for regional water resources assessment and management.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.409-417
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• 2012

SWAT model was applied for the Nakdong River Basin to characterize water quality variability and assess the feasibility of using the load duration curve to water quality management. The basin was divided into 67 sub-basins considering various watershed environment, and rainfall runoff and pollutant loading were simulated based on 6 year measurements of meteo-hydrological data, discharge data of treatment plants, and water quality data (SS, T-N and T-P). The results demonstrate that non-point source loads during wet season increase by 80 ~ 95% of total loads. Although the rate of water flow governs the amount of SS that is transported to the main streams, nutrient concentrations are highly elevated during dry season by being concentrated. This phenomenon is more pronounced in the lower basin, receiving large amounts of urban point source discharges such as treated sewages. Also, the load duration curves (LDC) demonstrate dominant source problems based on the load exceedances, showing that SS concentrations are associated with the rainy season and nutrients, such as T-P, may be more concentrated at low flow and more diluted at higher flow. Overall, the LDC method could be used conveniently to assess watershed characteristics and pollutant loads in watershed scale.

• 물과 미래
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.83-83
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• 1994

본 연구의 목적은 수자원 이용이 매우 복잡한 금강유역의 하류부에 위치한 금강하구호에 대하여 물수지를 분석함과 동시에 금강유역 전역의 용수수급 상황을 파악하는 것이다. 본 논문에서는 금강 하구호의 월 유입량을 추정하였으며, 월유출량은 자연유출과 저수유출에 대해 평가하였다. 연구결과, 상류의 대청댐으로 인해 금강 하구호 유입지점의 자연유출에 따른 유입량은 댐 건설전에 비해 홍수기인 7월에는 8.4% 감소하며, 홍수기를 제외한 10월부터 6월까지는 0.4∼17.6%가 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 저수유출에 따른 유입량의 월별 변동은 농업용수의 수요가 큰 5-6월에 비교적 크게 나타났다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.228-234
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• 2011

The goal of water quality management on stream and watershed is to focus not on discharged loads management but on a water quality management. Discharged loads management is not goal of water quality management but way for perform with total maximum daily loads management. It is necessary to estimate the relation between non-point source with stromwater runoff (NPSSR) and water quality to select a watershed where it is required to manage NPSSR for water quality improvement. To evaluate the effects of NPSSR on stream's water quality, we compare the aspects of water quality in dry and wet seasons using flow duration curve analysis based on flow rate variation data by actual surveying. In this study we attempt to quantify the variation characteristic of water quality and estimate the Inflow characteristic of pollution source with water quality and flow rate monitoring on 10 watersheds. We try to estimate water quality and flow rate by regression analysis and try again regression analysis with each high and low water quality data more than estimations. An analysis of relation between water quality and flow rate of 10 watersheds shows that the water quality of the Nonsan and the Ganggyeong streams had been polluted by NPSSR pollutants. Other eight streams were important point source more than NPSSR. It is wide variation range of $BOD_5$ also high average concentration of $BOD_5$. We have to quantify water quality variation by cv1 in wet season and cv365 in dry season with comparing the estimate of high water quality and low water quality. This method can be used to indicator for water quality variation according to flow rate.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.11-20
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• 2007

In order to make the way to determine the instream flow more practically, we have investigated many case studies and reviewed reports and papers. To validate instream flow level suggested by the case studies, DAWAST and HEC-RAS model were applied to the Gap-stream watershed in Daejeon city. Flow-duration analysis was performed both with the stream flow data gauged in the Indong, Boksu, and Hoeduck stations, and with the stream flow data estimated by the DAWAST model and the specific discharge method. Instream flow was determined among the flow-duration analysis, DAWAST, HEC-RAS model and mass balance approach. It was satisfied with various factors such as target water quality, water depth for eco-system and resorts, water surface width, flow velocity for landscape in dry season. The study suggested that the mean low flow could be replaced into the instream flow for the preliminary study because the instream flow considering ecosystem, landscape, water-friendly environment and water quality was generally close to the mean low flow.