• 한국작물학회지
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• 제19권
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• pp.78-82
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• 1975

1. 재배시기이동에 따른 유채종자유에 따른 지방산조성은 지방산의 종류에 따라 함량이 높은 Erucic acid가 가장 큰 차이를 나타냈으며 함량이 적은 지방산의 변동은 적었다. 2. 추파재배한 유채종자가 춘파재배한 것보다 Erucic acid함량이 높은데 대해서 Oleic acid와 Linoleic acid함량은 반대로 낮었다. 이들 차이는 1%수준에서 유의차가 있었다. 3. 추파재배된 유채종자가 Erucic acid함량이 높았으며 이는 등숙기간의 적산온도가 낮고 강수량이 많은데 있다. 이들 기상조건과 Erucic acid간에는 높은 상관관계가 있었다. 4. 단쇄지방산인 Oleic acid와 Linoleic aci의 증감경향은 항상 정상관관계가 있으며 장쇄지방산인 Erucic acid와는 부의 상관관계에 있었다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.298-302
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• 1995

본 연구는 상업적인 마요네즈 제조시의 원료유로서 저에루신산 유채유의 사용가능성을 알아보기 위하여 실시하였다. 일반적으로 사용되는 식물유인 대두유에 저에루신산 유채유를 일정한 비율로 섞은 혼합유 및 이들 혼합유를 사용한 마요네즈를 제조하고 이들의 품질특성을 비교하였다. 식물유 자체의 산화안정성을 랜시매트법에 의한 유도기간으로 비교한 결과 유채유가 대두유보다 길었으며, 대두유와 유채유를 혼합하였을 때는 유채유의 비율이 높을수록 유도기간이 긴 것으로 나타났다. 이들 식물유를 사용한 마요네즈의 냉동분리 안정성, 풍미, 산화안정성 등의 품질 특성에 대한 시험 결과, 저에루신산 유채유를 단독으로 사용하는 것보다는 대두유와 혼합하여 사용하는 것이 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 대두유에 저에루신산 유채유를 $40{\sim}80%$ 혼합한 식물유를 사용한 마요네즈는 대두유만을 사용한 마요네즈에 비해 저온분리에 대한 안정성이 증가하여 더 바람직한 품질 특성을 나타내었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제33권s01호
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• pp.98-114
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• 1988

This study was conducted to investigate the status and prospects of seed quality researches in rapeseed. Rapeseed Quality was mainly related to oil and protein content, fatty acid composition and glucosinolate content. Hence, breeding for improvement of rapeseed Quality has been emphasized as follows: 1) inheritance mode, 2) investigation of germplasm, 3) establishment of analysis technique, 4) establishment of selection method, 5) idealization of cultural technique. The oil quality is determined by its fatty acids. Fatty acids have been determined by gas chromatography. To improve oil quality was emphasized for zero erucic acid, the highest possible linoleic acid and the lowest possible linolenic acid content. Rapeseed meal is not considered as top quality feed ingredient although it has higher protein content and well-balanced amino acid composition. This is mainly because of the presence of considerable amounts of glucosinolates. Thus the reduction of glucosinolate content in rapeseed meal is of great importance. In breeding for meal quality, low glucosinolate lines (plants) were selected and analyzed by gas chromatography and UV-spectrophotometer. Current problems and future researches of rapeseed quality in Korea are 1) improvement of researcher's number and facilities, 2) depression of animal feeding trials, 3) unsatisfied relationship between research and manufacturing and products field, 4) improvement of fertility for yellow and thin seed coat lines crossed between mustard and rapeseed, 5) establishment of new rapid analysing system for rapeseed quality.

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.13-18
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• 2007

Near-infrared spectroscopy(NIRS) was used as a rapid and nondestructive method to determine the fatty acid composition in intact seed samples of rapeseed(Brassica napus L.). A total of 349 samples(about 2 g of intact seeds) were scanned in the reflectance mode of a scanning monochromator, and the reference values for fatty acid composition were measured by gas-liquid chromatography. Calibration equations for individual fatty acids were developed using the regression method of modified partial least-squares with internal cross validation(n=249). The equations had low SECV(standard errors of cross-validation), and high $R^2$(coefficient of determination in calibration) values(>0.8) except for palmitic and eicosenoic acid. Prediction of an external validation set(n=100) showed significant correlation between reference values and NIRS estimated values based on the SEP(standard error of prediction), $r^2$(coefficient of determination in prediction), and the ratio of standard deviation(SD) of reference data to SEP. The models developed in this study had relatively higher values(> 3.0 and 0.9, respectively) of SD/SEP(C) and $r^2$ for oleic, linoleic, and erucic acid, characterizing those equations as having good quantitative information. The results indicated that NIRS could be used to rapidly determine the fatty acid composition in rapeseed seeds in the breeding programs for high quality rapeseed oil.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제47권
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• pp.175-185
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• 2002

Rapeseed(Brassica napus L.) is an important oil crop as a vegetable oil, concentrated feed and industrial materials. The name "canola" was registered in 1979 by the Western Canadian Oilseed Crushers Association to describe "double-low" varieties. Double low indicates that the processed oil contains less than 2% erucic-acid and the meal less than 3mg/g of glucosinolates. Today annual worldwide production of rapeseed is approximately 35 million tons on 24 million hectares. China accounts for 33% of the world production and the European Economic Community for nearly 32%. Canola ranks 3rd in production among the world's oilseed crops following soybeans, sunflowers, peanuts and cottonseed. The recent advances in genomics and in gene function studies has allowed us to understand the detailed genetic basis of many complex traits, such as flowering time, height, and disease resistance. The manipulation of seed oil content via transgene insertion has been one of the earliest successful applications of modern biotechnology in agriculture. For example, the first transgenic crop with a modified seed composition to be approved for unrestricted commercial cultivation in the US was a lauric oil, rape-seed, grown in 1995. There were also some significant early successes, mostly notably the achievement of 40% to 60% lauric acid content in rapeseed oil, which normally accumulates little or no lauric acid. The name "$\textrm{Laurical}^{TM}$" was registered in 1995 by Calgene Inc. Nevertheless, attempts to achieve high levels of other novel fatty acids in seed oils have met with much less success and there have been several reports that the presence of novel fatty acids in transgenic plants can sometimes lead to the induction of catabolic pathways which break down the novel fatty acid, i.e. the plant recognizes the "strange" fatty acid and, far from tolerating it, may even actively eliminate it from the seed oil. It is likely that, in the future, transgenic oil crops and newly domesticated oil crops will both be developed in order to provide the increased amount and diversity of oils which will be required for both edible and industrial use. It is important that we recognize that both approaches have both positive and negative points. It will be a combination of these two strategies that is most likely to supply the increasing demands for plant oils in the 21st century and beyond.ant oils in the 21st century and beyond.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.10-20
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• 1983

In order to establish tissue lipid status in animal on feeding of various dietary fat and oils, each group of rats was fed a semisynthetic diet containing 10%(w/w) mackerel oil (MO), eel oil (EO), soybean oil (SO), rapeseed oil (RO) or beef tallow (BT) for 1, 2 and 4 weeks, After each feeding period, levels of cholesterol, triglyceride and phospholipid were measured in serum. Fatty acid ${\leftarrow}$ composition was also investigated in serum and tissue lipids. Levels of total serum cholesterol were lower but HDL-cholesterol were higher in fish oil groups, which resulted in significantly higher ratio of HDL to total cholesterol in the fish oil groups. Fish oil groups, in general, also had lower levels of serum triglyceride and phospholipid than other groups, but S0 group maintained as low phospholipid levrl as fish oil groups. Fatty acid composition of dietary fat was reflected in all the tissues investigated but with varying degrees. Very long chain fatty acids, specific components exclusively found in fish oils were most well reflected in liver and relatively well in serum, whereas linoleic acid and erucic acid of SO and RO in the diet were better shown up in heart and adipose tissue. It attracted a particular attention that major proportions of long chain monoenoic acids $(C_{22:1})$ occurring both in MO and RO were detected separately in liver and heart plus adipose tissue, the result of which strongly indicates that there is a significant difference in metabolism between isomers $(C_{22:1}\;w\;11\;and\;C_{22:1}\;w\;9,\;respectively)$. It is suggested from this study that differences in lipid status as well as in the levels of serum lipids result from uniqueness in metabolism of each different fatty acid and give rise to distinguishable change in serum lipoprotein pattern, followed by diet with different fat sources.