• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.85-94
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• 2018

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to determine the effects of therapeutic exercise on range of motion (ROM), the manual muscle test (MMT), functional movement screen (FMS) and radiological evaluation in a youth football player with football-specific anterior pelvic tilt (APT). METHODS: The subject of this case report was a 12-year-old youth football player, who presented with football-specific APT. Therapeutic exercise consisted of hamstring stretch, prone hip extension, abdominal crunch, bridging with isometric hip abduction, plank exercise with posterior tilt and posterior pelvic tilting exercise using a swiss-ball for 40 min/day, twice a week for 8-weeks. ROM, MMT, FMS (deep squat, hurdle step, inline lunge, shoulder mobility, active straight-leg raise, rotary stability and trunk stability push-up) and radiographs (lumbar lordotic and sacral horizontal angle) were analyzed before and after week 8 of therapeutic exercise. RESULTS: The ROM, MMT, and FMS increased and the lumbar lordotic angle and sacral horizontal angle improved after 8-weeks of therapeutic exercise. CONCLUSION: The results of this case report suggest that therapeutic exercise improves ROM, MMT and radiography associated parameters in youth football players with football-specific APT. These findings have clinical implications for therapeutic exercise in youth football players with football-specific APT.

• 척추신경추나의학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2007

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to identify spinal curvatures, plantar pressure and foot angles in a walking. Methods : 19 outpatients under 19 years old were included. Plantar pressure and foot angle in a walking were measured by using Gaitview AFA-50. Spinal curvatures were measured by using radiograph. Results : The cervical lordotic angle is significantly difference with left and right plantar pressure(p=0.027). The thoracic kyphotic angle is significantly difference with left and right plantar pressure(p=0.026). Cobb's angle is significantly difference with left and right plantar pressure(p=0.027). The other plantar pressure were no difference from spinal curvatures and foot angle in a walking. Conclusion : There were no correlation between plantar pressure, spinal curvatures and foot angle. We consider that needed more additional study.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.217-223
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• 2021

Purpose: This study sought to identify the effects of coordinative locomotor training (CLT) using elastic bands on the flexibility and body alignment of right-handed baseball players in elementary school. Methods: The subjects were 20 instructed right-handed baseball players in elementary school. They were classified into the experimental group with 10 players (n=10) to be given coordinative locomotor training using elastic bands and the control group with 10 players (n=10). Flexibility was measured by the sit and reach exercise. Body alignment was measured using formetric 4D method to measure the trunk imbalance angle (TI), trunk torsion angle (TT), pelvic tilt angle (PTi), pelvic torsion angle (PTo), pelvic rotation angle (PR), kyphotic angle (Ky), and lordotic angle (Lo). Results: There was a significant increase in the flexibility within the experimental group (p<0.05). after the intervention. There was also a significant increase in the difference between the experimental group and the control group (p<0.05). There was a significant decrease in PR during body alignment in the experimental group after intervention (p<0.05). An analysis of the differences between groups showed a significant decrease in the PR of the experimental group compared to the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: These findings show that coordinative locomotor training using elastic bands would be effective for enhancing the flexibility and pelvic rotation of elementary school right-handed baseball players.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.115-121
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• 2021

PURPOSE: This study analyzed the correlation between the plantar pressure and body alignment according to the dominant hand of elementary school baseball players. METHODS: The subjects consisted of 32 elementary school baseball players. The 32 players were classified in the right-hand dominant group (Rt. Group, n = 22) and left-hand dominant group (Lt. group, n = 10). The plantar pressure was measured using a pedoscan to determine the maximum pressure and pressure distribution. The body alignment was measured using a fometric 4D to measure the trunk imbalance angle (TI), pelvic tilt angle (PTi), pelvic torsion angle (PTo), pelvis rotation angle (PR), kyphotic angle (Ky), lordotic angle (Lo), and trunk torsion angle (TT). RESULTS: Participants showed correlations in the Rt. group, according to the left maximum pressure, Lo (r = .592, p < .05), and TT (r = .514, p < .05); according to the right maximum pressure, PR (r = .539, p < .05), and Lo (r = .503, p < .05). In the left pressure distribution, the PR (r = -.521, p < .05) showed a negative correlation. In the Lt. group, the PT (r = -.591, p < .05) showed a negative correlation in the left pressure distribution. CONCLUSION: These results can be used as basic data for a body analysis study of elementary school baseball players in the future.

• 척추신경추나의학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.57-70
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• 2017

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to find out the factors affecting the cervical angle with kyphosis. Methods : We investigated 340 cases of patients who had cervical kyphosis. We used cervical angle, flexion malposition angle, odontoid process cline angle, axis-atlas cline angle, odontoid process-atlas cline angle and occiput-atlas cline angle. Correlations between cervical angle and flexion malposition angle, odontoid process cline angle, axis-atlas cline angle, odontoid process-atlas cline angle, occiput-atlas cline angle were analyzed by pearson correlation analysis. Results : The correlation between cervical angle and flexion malposition angle was p-value 0.007, and odontoid process cline angle was p-value 0.002, and axis-atlas cline angle was p-value 0.000, and odontoid process-atlas cline angle was p-value 0.000, and occiput-atlas cline angle was p-value 0.012. Conclusions : Flexion malposition angle, odontoid process cline angle are inversely proportional to cervical angle. And correlation is statistically significant(p<0.01). Axis-atlas cline angle, odontoid process-atlas cline angle are proportional to cervical angle. And correlation is statistically significant(p<0.01). Occiput-atlas cline angle is proportional to cervical angle. And correlation is statistically significant(p<0.05).

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제59권6호
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• pp.610-614
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• 2016

Objective : The purpose of this study was to present the outcome of the microsurgical foraminotomy via Wiltse paraspinal approach for foraminal or extraforaminal (FEF) stenosis at L5-S1 level. We investigated risk factors associated with poor outcome of microsurgical foraminotomy at L5-S1 level. Methods : We analyzed 21 patients who underwent the microsurgical foraminotomy for FEF stenosis at L5-S1 level. To investigate risk factors associated with poor outcome, patients were classified into two groups (success and failure in foraminotomy). Clinical outcomes were assessed by the visual analogue scale (VAS) scores of back and leg pain and Oswestry disability index (ODI). Radiographic parameters including existence of spondylolisthesis, existence and degree of coronal wedging, disc height, foramen height, segmental lordotic angle (SLA) on neutral and dynamic view, segmental range of motion, and global lumbar lordotic angle were investigated. Results : Postoperative VAS score and ODI improved after foraminotomy. However, there were 7 patients (33%) who had persistent or recurrent leg pain. SLA on neutral and extension radiographic films were significantly associated with the failure in foraminotomy (p<0.05). Receiver-operating characteristics curve analysis revealed the optimal cut-off values of SLA on neutral and extension radiographic films for predicting failure in foraminotomy were $17.3^{\circ}$ and $24^{\circ}s$, respectively. Conclusion : Microsurgical foraminotomy for FEF stenosis at L5-S1 level can provide good clinical outcomes in selected patients. Poor outcomes were associated with large SLA on preoperative neutral (>$17.3^{\circ}$) and extension radiographic films (>$24^{\circ}$).

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.181-188
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• 2019

Purpose: This study was performed to determine the effects of a gluteus maximus strengthening exercise on both spinal alignment and dynamic balance in subjects with kyphosis. Methods: We measured the kyphosis angle of 150 subjects and selected those whose kyphosis angle was > $50^{\circ}$. The participants included 10 male and 12 female college students. After a gluteus maximus strengthening exercise was applied, the subjects were measured by the formetric 4D and Biorescue systems. The collected data were analyzed by a paired t-test with the SPSS (Ver. 21) program for spinal alignment and dynamic balance comparisons both before and after the gluteus maximus strengthening exercise was completed. Results: The results regarding spinal alignment showed statistically significant decreases in pelvic tilt, kyphotic angle, and lordotic angle after the intervention (p < .05). However, trunk imbalance, pelvic torsion, surface rotation, and lateral deviation were not significantly different after the exercise. The results of the dynamic balance showed statistically significant increases in limits of stability after the exercise (p < .05). Conclusion: The above results suggest that the implemented gluteus maximus strengthening exercise may be effective for spinal alignment and dynamic balance in subjects with kyphosis.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.22-28
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• 2016

Objective: The Back Mapper is one type of Rasterstereography and it can be used in the clinic without radiation exposure. The purpose of our study was to prove the reliability and validity of the Back Mapper and to compare it with the Spinal Mouse, which is an assessment tool for spinal curvatures using a wheeled mouse, and the Cobb angle by X-ray. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Twenty healthy adults participated in the test to investigate for the inter-rater reliability, intra-rater reliability, and concurrent validity. The tests were performed with assessment devices for scoliosis such as the Back Mapper, Spinal Mouse and Cobb's angle. Data was analyzed by an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) value and a standard error of measurement for reliability and correlation analysis for validity. Results: Intra-rater reliability of the Back Mapper was good (Cronbach's ${\alpha}$=0.821-0.984, ICC=0.696-0.969) except for assessing the lordotic angle. Inter-rater reliability was good (Cronbach's ${\alpha}$=0.870-0.958, ICC=0.770-0.919) in assessment for trunk imbalance, rotation of scapulae, thoracic angle, lumbar angle, and kyphotic angle. The kyphotic angle in the Spinal Mouse had a significant correlation icompared with the Back Mapper (r=0.510, p<0.05), and the Cobb's angle from an X-ray had a significant correlation with trunk inclination (r=0.532, p<0.05). Conclusions: These findings provide good intra-reliability of the Back Mapper in healthy subjects, but the Back Mapper requires more experienced practice to have good inter-reliability. Also, the variables of the Back Mapper does not seem as appropriate compared with the Cobb angle by X-ray.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.73-84
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of 12 weeks-walking exercise with functional shoes on chronic low back pain. Methods : The subjects of this study were 18 females from thirty to sixty years old who had suffered from low back pain over 12 weeks. They wore S shoes with curved out-sole and soft material in arch of foot We asked them to walk wearing shoes for 1 hour a day over 4 days a week for 12 weeks. Improvement of the symptoms was evaluated by pain rating scale, Oswestry low-back pain disability index. We measured lumbar lordotic angle, Ferguson's angle, bone mineral density, body composition. The measurements were checked before and after exercise. Results : This study showed significant improvement in pain rating scale, oswestry low-back pain disability index, and body composition. And lumbar lordotic angle, Ferguson's angle and bone mineral density decreased. Conclusions : These results showed that walking exercise with functional shoes could decrease the symptoms of chronic low back pain. But, it's too difficult to conclude whether the efficacy was due to functional shoes or walking exercise because we didn't set the control group wearing general shoes.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제53권6호
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• pp.356-369
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• 2013

Objective : We performed a retrospective analysis of medical records and radiographic images of patients who never underwent spinal treatment including diagnosis. The objective of this study is to explain the biomechanical and physiologic characteristics of cervical alignment related to thoracic inlet angle including T1 slope changes in each individual. Methods : We reviewed the cervical CT radiographs of 80 patients who visited ENT outpatient clinic without any symptom, diagnosis and treatment of cervical spine from January 2011 to September 2012. All targeted people were randomized without any prejudice. We assessed the data-T1 slope, Cobb's angle C2-7, neck tilt, sagittal vertical axis (SVA) C2-7 and thoracic inlet angle by the CT radiographs. Results : The relationships between each value were analyzed and we concluded that Cobb's angle C2-7 gets higher as the T1 slope gets higher, while the SVA C2-7 value decreases. Conclusion : We propose that the T1 slope is background information in deciding how much angle can be made in the cervical spinal angle of surgical lordotic curvature, especially severe cervical deformity.