• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.37-42
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• 1980

The purpose of the present study is to find the color induced maximum gathering rate and to observed'the trend of the - gathering rate by using two species of commercial fishes: rock bream, Oplegnathus fasciatus (Temminet et Schlegel) and 'grass puffer, Fugu niphobles (Jordan et Snyder). An experimental tank($360L{\times}50W{\times}55H cm$) was set up in a dark room. An illumination system was attached to the two end of tank to fix horizontal light intensity by co~bination c' one light bulb(20W) and four filters (red, blue, yellow, white) and the five regulating filters in order to fix light intensity. During the experiment water depth was maintained 50 cm lever in the tank. The tank was marked into six longitudinal sections each being 60 em long to observe the distribution of fish. The fish were acclimatized in dark condition for 40 minutes prior to the main experiment. Upon turning on the light, the number of fish in each section was counted 40 times every 30 seconds, and the gathering rates ,were obtain from the average number of fish in each secion. The color induced maximum gathering rate of rock bream appeared to be red, blue yellow and white color orderly.However, that of grass puffer appeared to be blue, white, yellow and red color orderly. Trend of the gathering rate in illumination time showed the remarkable fluctuation in the rock bream and little difference at the two color light sources. However, trend of the gathering rate in illumination time showed the little fluctuation in grass puffer and much difference at the two color light sources.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.558-562
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• 1986

백색광에 대한 문치가자미 Limanda yokohamae의 행동을 조사하기 위하여, 빛의 세기가 서로 다른 6가지 백색인공광원으로 광자극을 주어 그에 대한 반응을 주간과 야간으로 구분 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 광자극에 대한 수조내의 구간별분포곡선은 대체로 W우형이 되었으나, 빛의 세기에 따라 그 형태가 다소 차이가 있었다. 2. 수중조도가 높아짐에 따라 광원에서 멀리 떨어지는 경향을 나타냈으며 주야간의 차이가 다소 있었다. 3. 집어율이 최대가 되는 수중조도(적정조도)는 주간에 1.9 lux($1.2{\sim}2.9lux$), 야간에 0.7lux ($0.5{\sim}1.1lux$)로서 주간에 더 높았다. 4. 조명시간의 경과에 따른 집어율의 변화는 적어 안정하게 변동하였으며, 주간보다 야간의 집어율이 더 높았다.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.37-58
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• 2015

As wind flows around a sharp-edged body, the resulting separated flow becomes complicated, with multiple separations and reattachments as well as vortex recirculation. This widespread and unpredictable phenomenon has long been studied academically as well as in engineering applications. In this study, the flow characteristics around rectangular prisms with five different aspect ratios were determined through wind tunnel experiments and a detached eddy simulation, that placed the objects in a simulated deep turbulent boundary layer at $Re=4.6{\times}10^4$. A series of rectangular prisms with the same height (h = 80 mm), different longitudinal lengths (l = 0.5h, h, and 2h), or different transverse widths (w = 0.5h, h, and 2h) were employed to observe the effects of the aspect ratio. Furthermore, five wind directions ($0^{\circ}$, $10^{\circ}$, $20^{\circ}$, $30^{\circ}$, and $45^{\circ}$) were selected to observe the effects of the wind direction. The simulated results of the surface pressure were compared to the wind tunnel experiment results and the existing results of previous papers. The vortex and spectrum were also analyzed to determine the detailed flow structure around the body. The paper also highlights the pressure distribution around the rectangular prisms with respect to the different aspect ratios. With an increasing transverse width, the surface suction pressure on the top and side surfaces becomes stronger. In addition, depending on the wind direction, the pressure coefficient experiences a large variation and can even change from a negative to a positive value on the side surface of the cube model.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• 제1권5호
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• pp.474-490
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• 2017

Since the recent slowdown in the smartphone market, studies for wearable devices are briskly being carried out to find new markets, such as virtual reality devices. In this paper, a head-mounted display (HMD) which provides expanded virtual images before human eyes by enlarging images of a small display was designed, and the tolerance analysis method for a focus-adjustable HMD based on afocal optical systems was studied. There are two types of HMDs: a see-through type that allows the user to view the surroundings, and a see-close type where the user can only view the display screen; the former is used in this study. While designing the system, we allowed a lens within the system to be shifted to adjust its focus from +1 to -4 D (diopters). The yield of the designed systems was calculated by taking the worst-case scenario of a uniform distribution into account. Additionally, a longitudinal aberration was used rather than MTF for the tolerance analysis with respect to system performance. The sensitivity of the designed system was calculated by assigning a certain tolerance, and the focus lens shift was calculated to adjust the image surface variations resulting from the tolerance. The smaller the tolerance, the more expensive the unit price of the products. Very small tolerances may even be impossible to fabricate. Considering this, the appropriate tolerance was assigned; the maximum shift of the focus lens in which the image surface can be adjusted was obtained to find the changes in aberration and a good yield.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.727-732
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 1.55um의 파장을 갖는 DFB 레이저에서 굴절률 격자와 이득 격자가 동시에 존재할 때, 오른쪽 거울 면에 반사가 일어나지 않도록 유전막 코팅을 하여 𝜌_r=0 이 되도록 하였다. δL > 0인 경우일 때, 문턱에서 발진 모드에 대하여, 발진 이득과 종 방향으로의 발진 모드의 빔 분포와 방사전력비 P_l/P_r를 𝜌_l의 위상=π인 경우와 𝜌_l의 위상=π/2인 경우에 대하여 비교했다. 𝜌_l의 위상=π인 경우, 낮은 문턱 전류와 높은 주파수 안정성을 얻기 위해서는, κL이 8보다 커야 한다. 𝜌_l의 위상=π/2인 경우, κL = 4보다 커지면서 𝜌_l의 위상=π인 경우보다 발진 이득이 낮아지기 시작함을 볼 수 있고, 발진 모드의 문턱 전류를 낮추고 주파수 안정성을 높이기 위해서는, κL이 8보다 커야한다.

• 한국인구학
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.5-42
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• 1997

이 논문은 출산을 전후한 시기에 있는 여성의 노동시장 전출입(labor market transitions)에 관한 필자의 일련의 연구들 중 일부이다. 여성 노동시장에 관한 기존의 이론들을 통합하여 하나의 모델을 제시하고, 노동시장 이탈과 진입의 문제를 다루는 데 적합한 통계적 기법을 소개하였다. 상당수의 여성이 일생을 통하여 적어도 한번씩은 생산노동에 참여하는 현실 속에서 이제 중요한 문제는 노동의 지속과 단절의 문제이다. 이 문제는 여성의 노동시장행위에 대한 동태적인 분석을 요구한다. 본 연구는 응답자의 취업사(work history)와 가족형성사를 장기적으로 관찰한 자료를 이용하고 시간 또는 기간이라는 측면을 분석의 틀에 포함시킨 연구방법을 사용하여 노동의 지속과 단절을 좀더 원래의 개념에 충실하게 포착하였다. 탐색적 분석방법으로 출산을 전후한 시기 여성의 고용단절과 재취업의 행위가 각각 임신, 출산으로부터의 기간에 따라 어떤 패턴으로 나타나는지 살펴보았다. 이 시기 여성의 노동시장 이탈과 진입의 행위는 시간에 따라 일정하게 증가하거나 감소하는 추세를 띠고 있지 않으므로 '사건사분석'(event history analysis)에서 '기간의존성'(duration dependence)을 가정할 때 특별한 주의가 필요하기 때문이다. 탐색적 분석에서 드러난 노동시장행위의 패턴이 어떤 요인에 의해 영향을 받는지를 알아보기 위하여 가설을 세우고 이를 검증하였다. 가족의 수입과 자신의 임금에 대한 경제적 고려 외에 교육을 통해 얻게 되는 경제적 독립과 평등한 성역할에 대한 의지, 그리고 거시적인 경제 여건과 직업의 특성에 의해 조건지워지는 구조적 요인 등을 살펴봄으로써 '인적자본론'의 한계를 짚어 보았다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.253-259
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• 1997

Von Mises stress and compliance distribution was evaluated using a finite element analysis on the anastomosis of an artery with length of 20mm(z direction, along the horizental artery), inner diameter of 4mm, thickness fo 0.5mm and a PTFE graft with length of 5.7mm, inner diameter of 2mm, thickness of 0.2mm when anastomotic angle was $45^{\circ}$ and inner pressure of 1330 dyne/mm2 was applied inside the 2 conduits. From the analysis results were obtained as follows. (1) Artery diameter increased in both horizontal x(along the length of artery) and vertical y(perpendicular to the length of artery)directions and the magnitude of that in x direction was bigger than that in y direction. (2) The compliance was maximum on the anastomosis, especially on that with acute angle. The reduction of compliance was observed from the anastomosis area to the either right or left end. (3) The equivalent stress was maximum on top in the y direction and minimum on the nodes apart $110^{\circ}$ in circumferential direction from the top. (4) The equivalent stress was maximum in t도 vicinity of anastomosis with acute angle along the longitudinal direction of the artery. This trend was also observed along the PTFE graft.

• 대한한의진단학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.31-42
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• 2006

Background and Purpose : The concept of $Wux{\'{\i}}ng$(五行) is central to all elements of the Koran traditional medicine. And $Wux{\'{\i}}ng$ is considered to one of the constitution theories in some of oriental medicine fields in South Korea. The aim of this study is to find necessary and concrete estimation factors for distributing patterns of $Wux{\'{\i}}ngr{\'{e}}n$(五行人) respectively. Methods : We translated and summarized the records about distinguishing characteristics and distributing points of Wu-Xing Ren described in <$L{\'{\i}}ngshu$(靈樞)${\cdot}$Yin-Y${\'{a}}$ng ${\`{e}}rsh{\'{\i}}wur{\'{e}}n$(陰陽二十五人)>. Some review articles were identified through searches of KISS and KERIS databases. Results and Conclusion : Concrete distinguishing characteristics and distributing points of Wu-Xing Ren were described in <$Lingshu{\cdot}Yin-Y{\'{a}}ng\;{\`{e}}rsh{\'{\i}}wur{\'{e}}n$>. According to <$Lingshu{\cdot}Yin-Y{\'{a}}ng\;{\`{e}}rsh{\'{\i}}wur{\'{e}}n$>, the most notable characteristics and distributing points are the skin color and shape of face. but the skin color and shape of face are too ambiguous to be used as distributing criteria in a practical manner. In stead size of head, longitudinal length of back, disposition, and width between both shoulders may be used as distributing criteria in practical clinic fields.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.229-240
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• 2014

Rain events are extremely important for phosphorus (P) dynamics in rivers since large portions of annual river P loads can be transported in particulate forms during only a few major events. Despite their importance, a precise estimation of P contribution in river sediments after rainy seasons has rarely been reported. This study estimated the longitudinal variation in the concentrations of different inorganic P fractions in bed sediments of the South Han River over a rainy season, through using the sequential extraction method. Non-apatite P was the dominant form, representing more than 60% of total inorganic P (TIP) content in sediments. Although no significant variation of TIP contents was observed, the proportion of bioavailable P in TIP pools decreased after the rainy season. The concentrations of individual inorganic P fractions ($NH_4Cl-P$, $NH_4F-P$, NaOH-P, and $H_2SO_4-P$) were significantly different across sites and after the rainy season (p < 0.05, two-way ANOVA). $NH_4F-P$ and NaOH-P concentrations in sediments increased in a downstream direction. After the rainy season, $NH_4Cl-P$ concentrations in sediments decreased whereas $NH_4F-P$ and $H_2SO_4-P$ concentrations increased. The redistribution of individual P fractions in sediments observed after rainy seasons were possibly due to the changing contribution of various sources of runoff and the variation in flow related particle size. Current estimation of P in bed sediments of the South Han River suggests a lower potential of internal P loading from sediments after the rainy season.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.101-109
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• 2012

중위도 지역에서는 위성통신용 파라볼라 안테나를 45도 정도로 기울여 설치해야 된다는 문제점 때문에 이를 대치하기 위한 평면형 안테나의 연구가 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 특히, Ka band를 이용한 위성통신이 활발해지면서 VSAT 용 평면형 안테나의 개발 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 평면 안테나 상태로 45도 빔틸트 특성을 갖고, Ka 밴드의 위성통신용으로 30GHz 대역에서 충분한 고이득을 얻기 위해, 빔폭이 좁고 사이드로브가 적으며 저손실 구조의 평면배열 안테나를 설계하였다. 이러한 성능을 만족시키기 위해, 진행파형 누설파 모드를 기초로 한 수직편파 도파관 종방향 슬롯 배열안테나를 제안하였으며, 특히 슬롯 배열들 각각의 폭을 조절하여 복사 전력을 제어함으로써 복사 패턴의 사이드로브 레벨을 저감시켰다. 32개 누설파 소자의 배열안테나 이득은 35.16 dBi 였으며, 빔폭은 2.5도, 사이드로브 레벨은 -30 dB 이하, 중심주파수 30.0 GHz 에서 빔틸트 각도는 45도를 얻었다.