• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.328-330
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• 2012

A 13-year-old, neutered male, chihuahua was referred to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Chungnam National University with a history of a bilateral mandibular mass, intermittent vomiting, cough, and left sided staggering starting ten days prior. Clinical examination along with radiography, neurologic examination and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated a well-circumscribed and solitary mass in the brain stem. The dura mater was thickened with marked linear enhancement after contrast administration. Based on diagnostic image analysis and histopathologic examination, this case was diagnosed as intracranial meningioma. The patient's symptoms were controlled for 18 months by a combination therapy of prednisolone and lomustine (CCNU), and then he died of at home.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.445-451
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• 2023

An 8-year-old female pet rabbit presented at the veterinary clinic for mammary gland palpation due to the presence of a mass. Upon physical examination, a mass was identified in the left fourth mammary gland. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed a 3 × 2 cm mass in the right uterus and general thickening of the endometrium, suggesting uterine sinusitis. Multiple pulmonary nodules suspected to be metastatic lesions were identified on chest radiography. Surgery was performed to mastectomy and ovariohysterectomy (OHE). The histopathological examination of the tumor revealed mammary gland adenocarcinoma (simple-type) with multiple nodules consisting of the proliferation of tumor cells forming tubules containing secretory materials, cellular debris, and solid nests with a central area of necrosis. Metronomic chemotherapy was performed with cyclophosphamide and lomustine (CCNU) based on the histopathological findings. The quality of life has been well maintained, with no specific clinical symptoms observed for 8 months after metronomic chemotherapy. To the best of authors' knowledge, this study is the first to examine the effects of metronomic chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide and lomustine in a pet rabbit.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.94-97
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• 2017

A 10-year-old male Schnauzer dog presented with a 1-week history of ataxia, right-sided hemiparesis, and right-sided head tilt. On the basis of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with neurological examination and cerebrospinal fluid analysis results, a primary brain tumor was suspected. Therapy with imatinib mesylate plus hydroxyurea for 7 weeks was not effective and clinical signs worsened. Chemotherapy was then changed to lomustine plus hydroxyurea. Although the existing clinical signs continued, they did not deteriorate. No change in mass size was observed in subsequent MRI. The subject suddenly died from dyspnea 388 days after initial presentation. In this case, choroid plexus papilloma was definitively diagnosed based on histopathological findings.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.180-183
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• 2019

A 7-year-old, male Maltese dog with a body weight of 2.8 kg was presented with a history of hind limbs ataxia that progressed to tetraparesis over a one-month period. Based on physical and neurological examinations, tetraparesis with concomitant UMN signs, kyphosis and severe neck pain were identified. On MRI scan, we tentatively diagnosed this patient as a primary intramedullary spinal cord tumor. Therapy with lomustine plus hydroxyurea and prednisolone was initiated and the clinical signs rapidly improved. The patient was regularly checked by MRI scan and the range of the mass was gradually reduced to complete remission for 11 months. About 19 months after treatment, the patient showed anemia and hematochezia which suspected as adverse effects of chemotherapy. The condition was getting worse over 2 months and the patient suddenly expired 657 days after initial presentation. On histopathological examination, the spinal cord sample was identified as a neuronal atrophy without evidence of tumor cell.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.618-621
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• 2007

An 11-year-old, castrated male Yorkshire terrier dog was presented with multiple plaques on right inguinal region. Grade II mast cell tumor was diagnosed. The dog was treated with Vinblastine and prednisone(PDS) initially. Because of poor response of the dog, CCNU was added for more aggressive treatment. After 5 weeks treatment of with CCNU, vinblastine and PDS, the lesion was improved. Moderate leukopenia was shown after 4 cycles of chemotherapy. The chemotherapy was re-administered since the patient recovered from the leukopenia. Though the same protocol was applied, no improvement of the lesion was observed. Moreover, the general body condition of the dog became worse and was euthanized by the owner's request. Necropsy was not permitted. The survival time was 330 days after start of the chemotherapy.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.150-154
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• 2018

A 9-month-old, castrated, male Labrador Retriever was referred for generalized progressing cutaneous reddish mass lesions with bleeding, scale, crust, and pruritus. On the basis of histopathological findings and the results of immunochemical staining, cutaneous nonepitheliotropic B-cell lymphoma was identified. A cyclophosphamide-doxorubicin-vincristine-prednisolone (CHOP)-based chemotherapy regimen was initiated, and the patient initially showed partial response to vincristine and $\text\tiny{L}$-asparaginase, but the cutaneous lesions progressed gradually. After the first cycle of the CHOP-based protocol, lomustine was administered instead. The cutaneous lesions showed partial response to lomustine, but the treatment did not stop the progression of cutaneous lymphoma. The patient was euthanized due to neurologic signs, including reduced consciousness and seizures, 53 days after initial presentation. The postmortem histopathological examination showed systemic metastasis involving the lymph nodes, skin, kidney, ureter, liver, brain, temporal muscle, diaphragmatic muscle, conjunctiva, and oral cavity.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.186-189
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• 2010

A 14-year-old neutered female Chihuahua was presented because of seizure episodes and circling to the left side. Based on neurological examination, the lesion was localized on left forebrain. The mass in the left nasal cavity and breaching of the nasal septum were seen magnetic resonance images. And there was a presence of contrast enhanced mass involving the rostral left brain. Based on diagnostic image analysis, this lesion strongly suggested secondary brain tumor infiltrated by nasal cavity. The patient's symptoms were well controlled by a combination therapy of prednisolone and lomustine (CCNU), and survived for two months after diagnosis. This case was definitively diagnosed as a nasal neuroendocrine carcinoma based on histopathological findings. This report describes the clinical findings, imaging characteristics, and pathologic features of secondary brain tumor which caused by infiltration of nasal neuroendocrine carcinoma in a dog.