• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.131-146
• /
• 2002

In the last years, it has become possible to regain some locomotor activity in patients with incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI) through intense training on a treadmill. The ideas behind this approach owe much to insights derived from animal studies. Many studies showed that cats with complete spinal cord transection(spinalized animals) can recover locomotor function. These observations were at the basis of the concept of the central pattern generator located at spinal level. The neural system responsible for the locomotor restoration in both cats and humans is thought to be located at spinal level and is referred to as the central pattern generator(CPG). The evidence for such a spinal CPG in human is emphasis on some recent developments which support the view that there is a human spinal CPG for locomotion. An important element in afferent inputs for both spinal injured cats and humans is the provision of adequate sensory input related locomotor, which can possibly activate and/or regulate the spinal locomotor circuitry This review article deals with the afferent control of the central pattern generator. Furthermore, the application of adequate afferent inputs related locomotor for stroke patients will be able to facilitate locomotion ability, which is automatic, cyclic, rhythmic. These insights can possibly contribute to a better therapeutic approach for the rehabilitation of gait in patients with stroke.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.36-47
• /
• 2020

Background: This study purposed to provide meaningful information for the accumulation of knowledge on coordinative locomotor training in patients with stroke. Design: Meta-analysis. Methods: This study collected articles which the coordinative locomotor training in patients with stroke. For systematic meta-analysis, 6 articles were finally selected after searching based on the PICOSD criteria. This meta-analysis was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Randomized controlled trials were included and the risk of bias was evaluated for each study. Pooled standardized mean differences were calculated using a random effects model. To extract the effect size of each study, the R 3.5.3 software was used. Results: The meta-analysis showed that a total effects size was 1.23 indicating that coordinative locomotor training for patients with stroke had a maximum effect size. Conclusion: A meta-analysis is warranted for further research to determine the effects of coordinative locomotor training in patients with stroke on muscle strength, walking and range of motion.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
• /
• 제5권3호
• /
• pp.195-200
• /
• 2005

In order to examine the effectiveness of moxibustion stimulation for climacteric disturbance, we administered moxibustion stimulation to ovariectomized (OVX) rats, and compared the tail surface temperature, laboratory parameters, and the level of locomotor activity with those of untreated rats. Twenty-four female Wistar rats (8 weeks old, 160 - 180 g) were divided into three groups. The rats in the OVX-M group underwent moxibustion stimulation after ovariectomy. The rats in the OVX-C group underwent ovariectomy but did not receive moxibustion stimulation. The rats in the Normal group received neither ovariectomy nor moxibustion stimulation. The level of locomotor activity was determined by a metabolism measuring system. The tail surface temperature was significantly lower in the OVX rats before moxibustion stimulation than in the Normal group. In the OVX rats before moxibustion stimulation, there was no clear difference in the level of locomotor activity between the active and resting phases, and the pattern of locomotor activity was irregular. After moxibustion stimulation, the tail surface temperature of the OVX-M group did not significantly differ from that of the Normal group, and the pattern of locomotor activity of the OVX-M group became diphasic with clear active and resting phases, similar to that observed in the Normal group. These results demonstrate that moxibustion stimulation is effective for the treatment of climacteric disturbance.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.79-85
• /
• 2006

In order to study the effect of acupuncture stimulation on bone mineral density (BMD), using the ovariectomized (OVX) rat model, we assessed the degree of osteopenia by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, measured the level of locomotor activity using a metabolism measuring system, and performed histological studies of bone tissue. Twenty-four female Wistar rats (8 weeks old, 160 - 180 g)were divided into three groups. Rats in the OVX-A group underwent ovariectomy followed by acupuncture stimulation. The OVX rats in the Vehicle control group were not treated with acupuncture as a control. The rats in the control group received neither ovariectomy nor acupuncture. Acupuncture stimulation for 12 weeks in the OVX-A group inhibited the reduction in BMD of the femoral bones caused by ovariectomy. Moreover, in the two OVX groups, there was no clear difference in the level of locomotor activity between the active and resting phases prior to acupuncture stimulation in each rat, and the pattern of locomotor activity was irregular. After acupuncture stimulation of the OVX-A rats, the pattern of locomotor activity became diphasic with clear active and resting phases, as was observed in the Control group. On histological studies, the continuity of trabecular bone was maintained more favorably and bone mass was higher in the OVX-A group than in the vehicle control group. These results suggest that the increased locomotor activity that had been induced by acupuncture stimulation increased the BMD.

• PNF and Movement
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.397-404
• /
• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of climbing training combined with coordinative locomotor training on muscle thickness in normal adults and to provide basic data regarding its applicability to clinical practice. Methods: Coordinative locomotor and climbing training was conducted three times per week for six weeks. Each exercise session consisted of ten minutes of warm-up and 40 minutes of the main exercise. A post-test was conducted six weeks after the training began, and a follow-up test was done two weeks after the training ended. Results: There were significant differences in the participants' external and internal oblique abdominis muscles over time (p<0.05). There were also significant interactions in the external and internal oblique abdominis muscles over time and according to group (p<0.05). Conclusion: The findings indicate that coordinative locomotor training with climbing had positive effects in normal adults, including increased thickness of the external and internal oblique abdominis muscles. The findings hold value for patient rehabilitation and clinical applications and interventions using coordinative locomotor training in combination with climbing.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.187-195
• /
• 1993

We have examined the functional role of central dopaminergic processes on the behavioral pharmacological effects induced by psychotropics and red ginseng saponins of normal rats and compared with that of brain damaged rats. Desipramine and clomipramine produced, a significant depression of the locomotor activity in normal rats, but in brain damaged rats, they did not have any effect throughout the experimental period of 4 hours. Total saponin (50~200 mg/kg), PT (25~50 mg/kg), PD (25~50 mg/kg), $Rg_1$(12.5~25 mg/kg), $Rb_1$ (12.5~50 mg/kg) did not change, and high concentrations of PT (100 mg/kg), PD (100 mg/kg) and $Rg_1$ (50 mg/kg) showed a significant decrease in the locomotor activity of one hour after administration but total saponin (100 mg/kg), PD (25~50 mg/kg), Rgl (12.5 mg/kg), $Rb_1$ (12.5 mg/kg) markedly increased the locomotor activity of four hour after administration in normal rats. On the other hand, total saponin (50 mg/kg), PT (100 mg/kg) and PD (100 mg/kg) Produced a prominent stimulation of the locomotor activity in brain damaged rats. These results suggest that the inhibition of the locomotor activity induced by antidepressants was not affected by the sensitivity of cerebral DA system, whereas red ginseng saponin showed antifatigue effect and also the stimulation of the locomotor activity induced by red ginseng saponin was mediated by the inhibition of cerebral DA system. These psychotropic action of red ginseng saponins could be responsible for the beneficial effects on conditions of fatigue and decreased alertness.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
• /
• 제27권11호
• /
• pp.251-256
• /
• 2022

본 연구는 고등학교 야구선수들의 신체 정렬을 증진 시키는 방법으로 협응이동훈련의 효과를 알아보는 데 그 목적이 있다. 실험군 20명을 대상으로 협응이동훈련을 4주간 주 5회 40분 적용하였다. 신체 정렬은 포메트릭으로 측정하였고, 신체 정렬을 나타내는 변수로는 앞·뒤 몸통 기울기 각, 좌·우 몸통 기울기 각, 골반 기울기 각, 골반 비틀림 각, 등뼈 후만각, 허리 전만각 등이 있다. 협응이동훈련을 고등학교 야구선수에게 적용한 후 측정 결과는 실험군에서 등뼈 후만각, 허리 전만각에서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 위의 결과로 보아 협응이동훈련이 고등학교 야구선수의 신체 정렬에 긍정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 고등학교 야구선수의 신체 불균형을 예방하는 데 있어서 협응이동훈련이 효과적임을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Photoscience
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.252-254
• /
• 2002

Djungarian hamsters show distinct seasonal rhythms in several physiological parameters. One of them is daily torpor that occurs in winter with decreased body temperature (about 1O-20$^{\circ}$C) during daytime. Daily torpor is induced by short-day photoperiod, food restriction and castration. But the mechanism to induce daily torpor has not been clarified. In the present study, we tried to clarify the process of daily torpor induction in detail. Adult male hamsters were kept in long photoperiod and high temperature (LP-HT) before the experiment and, thereafter, the animals were transferred to short photoperiod and low temperature (SP-LT), and they were kept in this condition for about six months. The daily rhythms of locomotor activity and body temperature were recorded every three-minutes by using the Minimitter telemetry system. Locomotor activity and body temperature showed very closely synchronized rhythms. All animals under LP-HT showed daily rhythms with higher locomotor activity and body temperature in nighttime than in daytime. Under SP-LT, there were two types of animals with and without showing daily torpor. Thus, they have individual differences in the response to SP -LT.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.268-274
• /
• 2015

${\gamma}$-Aminobutyric acid (GABA), a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system, is involved in sleep physiology. Caffeine is widely used psychoactive substance known to induce wakefulness and insomnia to its consumers. This study was performed to examine whether GABA extracts from fermented rice germ ameliorates caffeine-induced sleep disturbance in mice, without affecting spontaneous locomotor activity and motor coordination. Indeed, caffeine (10 mg/kg, i.p.) delayed sleep onset and reduced sleep duration of mice. Conversely, rice germ ferment extracts-GABA treatment (10, 30, or 100 mg/kg, p.o.), especially at 100 mg/kg, normalized the sleep disturbance induced by caffeine. In locomotor tests, rice germ ferment extracts-GABA slightly but not significantly reduced the caffeine-induced increase in locomotor activity without affecting motor coordination. Additionally, rice germ ferment extracts-GABA per se did not affect the spontaneous locomotor activity and motor coordination of mice. In conclusion, rice germ ferment extracts-GABA supplementation can counter the sleep disturbance induced by caffeine, without affecting the general locomotor activities of mice.

• PNF and Movement
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.23-32
• /
• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a coordinative locomotor training program on the functional movement screen (FMS) scores of badminton players. Methods: The participants consisted of 31 badminton players who were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (n=15) or a control group (n=16), and engaged in exercise five times per week for six weeks. The experimental group engaged in coordinative locomotor training and the control group engaged in general exercise. An FMS kit (USA) was used to measure the following: FMS score, deep squat, hurdle step, in-line lunge, shoulder mobility, active straight leg raise, trunk stability push up, and rotary stability. Results: The FMS score, deep squat, hurdle step, in-line lunge, active straight leg raise, and trunk stability push up showed significant improvement in the experimental group (p<0.05). Conclusion: The coordinative locomotor training program was able to produce confirmation that functional movement screen scores change in the case of effective exercise interventions in badminton players.