• 한국항행학회논문지
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.84-89
• /
• 2019

본 연구는 복합재 항공기의 비행 데이터를 활용한 기계학습 기반 구조건전성 모니터링 시스템 연구의 예비 연구이다. 본 연구에서는 구조건전성 모니터링에 이용되기에 가장 적합한 기계학습 알고리즘을 선별하고, 실 기체 데이터에 대한 적용을 위해 차원 축소를 수행하였다. 이를 위해 외팔보를 통해 모사된 항공기 날개 구조와 부가 질량을 통해 손상 모사 실험을 진행하고, 분류 알고리즘을 통해 데이터를 손상의 위치와 정도에 따라 구분하였다. 이를 위해 FBG (fiber bragg grating) 센서를 부착한 외팔보의 진동 실험을 통해 정상상태와 12개의 손상상태에 대한 데이터를 취득하고, MATLAB 환경에서 tree, discriminant, SVM (support vector machine), kNN, ensemble 알고리즘의 비교와 파라미터 튜닝을 통해 가장 적합한 알고리즘을 도출하였다. 또한 NCA (neighborhood component analysis)를 이용한 특징 선택을 통해, 실 기체에서 나올 수 있는 고차원 데이터의 관리를 위해 필요한 차원 축소를 수행하였다. 그 결과, quadratic SVM이 NCA를 적용하지 않은 모델에서 98.7%, NCA를 적용한 모델에서 95.9%로 가장 높은 정답률을 보였다. 또한 NCA 적용 후 모델의 예측 속도, 학습 시간, 용량이 모두 향상되었다.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.368-378
• /
• 2021

Purpose: When patients with early gastric cancer (EGC) undergo non-curative endoscopic submucosal dissection requiring gastrectomy (NC-ESD-RG), additional medical resources and expenses are required for surgery. To reduce this burden, predictive model for NC-ESD-RG is required. Materials and Methods: Data from 2,997 patients undergoing ESD for 3,127 forceps biopsy-proven differentiated-type EGCs (2,345 and 782 in training and validation sets, respectively) were reviewed. Using the training set, the logistic stepwise regression analysis determined the independent predictors of NC-ESD-RG (NC-ESD other than cases with lateral resection margin involvement or piecemeal resection as the only non-curative factor). Using these predictors, a risk-scoring system for predicting NC-ESD-RG was developed. Performance of the predictive model was examined internally with the validation set. Results: Rate of NC-ESD-RG was 17.3%. Independent pre-ESD predictors for NC-ESD-RG included moderately differentiated or papillary EGC, large tumor size, proximal tumor location, lesion at greater curvature, elevated or depressed morphology, and presence of ulcers. A risk-score was assigned to each predictor of NC-ESD-RG. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for predicting NC-ESD-RG was 0.672 in both training and validation sets. A risk-score of 5 points was the optimal cut-off value for predicting NC-ESD-RG, and the overall accuracy was 72.7%. As the total risk score increased, the predicted risk for NC-ESD-RG increased from 3.8% to 72.6%. Conclusions: We developed and validated a risk-scoring system for predicting NC-ESD-RG based on pre-ESD variables. Our risk-scoring system can facilitate informed consent and decision-making for preoperative treatment selection between ESD and surgery in patients with EGC.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.282-289
• /
• 2022

한반도의 기후변화가 산림생태계에 미치는 영향을 분석하는 것은 난아열대 산림생명자원 관리에 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 난아열대 목본식물인 소귀나무와 Syzygium buxifolium의 위치자료와 생물기후변수를 수집하고, 수집된 자료를 바탕으로 MaxEnt 모형에 적용하여 잠재분포 영역을 추정하였다. 소귀나무의 분포를 결정하는 주요 환경인자는 가장 따뜻한 분기의 강수와 온도 계절성이고, Syzygium buxifolium의 주요 환경인자는 가장 따듯한 분기의 강수와 가장 습한 분기의 강수로 나타났다. MaxEnt 모형의 행정구역별 결과, 소귀나무는 SSP2-4.5 기후변화 시나리오에서 4.6 - 17.7%의 면적 증가율을 보였고, SSP5-8.5 기후변화 시나리오에서 13.8 - 30.5%의 면적 증가율을 보였다. Syzygium buxifolium는 SSP2-4.5 기후변화 시나리오에서 4.8 - 32.2%, SSP5-8.5 기후변화 시나리오에서 12.9 - 48.6%의 면적 증가율을 보였다. 본 연구는 기후변화 시나리오를 적용하여 난대아열대 식물의 미래 잠재분포 영역을 확인하고 데이터베이스를 구축하는데 의의가 있다.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.355-364
• /
• 2023

Background: There are no clear guidelines to determine whether to perform D1 or D1+ lymph node dissection in early gastric cancer (EGC). This study aimed to develop a nomogram for estimating the risk of extraperigastric lymph node metastasis (LNM). Materials and Methods: Between 2009 and 2019, a total of 4,482 patients with pathologically confirmed T1 disease at 6 affiliated hospitals were included in this study. The basic clinicopathological characteristics of the positive and negative extraperigastric LNM groups were compared. The possible risk factors were evaluated using univariate and multivariate analyses. Based on these results, a risk prediction model was developed. A nomogram predicting extraperigastric LNM was used for internal validation. Results: Multivariate analyses showed that tumor size (cut-off value 3.0 cm, odds ratio [OR]=1.886, P=0.030), tumor depth (OR=1.853 for tumors with sm2 and sm3 invasion, P=0.010), cross-sectional location (OR=0.490 for tumors located on the greater curvature, P=0.0303), differentiation (OR=0.584 for differentiated tumors, P=0.0070), and lymphovascular invasion (OR=11.125, P<0.001) are possible risk factors for extraperigastric LNM. An equation for estimating the risk of extraperigastric LNM was derived from these risk factors. The equation was internally validated by comparing the actual metastatic rate with the predicted rate, which showed good agreement. Conclusions: A nomogram for estimating the risk of extraperigastric LNM in EGC was successfully developed. Although there are some limitations to applying this model because it was developed based on pathological data, it can be optimally adapted for patients who require curative gastrectomy after endoscopic submucosal dissection.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.5-10
• /
• 2022

최근 도심지에서는 지반침하가 지속적으로 발생하여 시민의 안전을 위협하고 있다. 상하수도관, 통신관 등 각종 지하시설물이 도로 밑에 매설되어 있다. 지반침하의 원인으로는 도심지에 매설되어 있는 각종 시설물의 노후화와 급격한 도시화로 인한 지하 난개발로 인한 것으로 보고되고 있다. 특히 지반침하의 가장 큰 원인은 하수관로의 노후화로 알려져 있다. 이와 관련된 기존 연구로는 하수관로의 대표적인 몇 가지 요인을 선정하여 통계분석을 통해 지반침하 위험을 예측하는 연구가 진행되었다. 본 연구에서는 OO시의 하수관 특성과 지반침하 데이터를 이용하여 데이터셋을 구축하고, OO시의 하수관 특성과 지반함몰 발생 위치 데이터로 구축된 데이터셋으로 기계학습을 통한 하수관 특성에 따른 지반함몰 발생 분류 모델들을 비교하여 적절한 모델을 선정하고자 하였으며, 선정된 모델에서 도출된 지반함몰에 영향을 미치는 하수관 특성별 중요도를 산정하고자 하였다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제26권5호
• /
• pp.19-32
• /
• 2023

The fragmentation of habitats resulting from human activities leads to the isolation of wildlife and it also causes wildlife-vehicle collisions (i.e. Road-kill). In that sense, it is important to predict potential habitats of specific wildlife that causes wildlife-vehicle collisions by considering geographic, environmental and transportation variables. Road-kill, especially by large mammals, threatens human safety as well as financial losses. Therefore, we conducted this study on roe deer (Capreolus pygargus tianschanicus), a large mammal that causes frequently Road-kill in Jeju Island. So, to predict potential wildlife habitats by considering geographic, environmental, and transportation variables for a specific species this study was conducted to identify high-priority restoration sites with both characteristics of potential habitats and road-kill hotspot. we identified high-priority restoration sites that is likely to be potential habitats, and also identified the known location of a Road-kill records. For this purpose, first, we defined the environmental variables and collect the occurrence records of roe deer. After that, the potential habitat map was generated by using Random Forest model. Second, to analyze roadkill hotspots, a kernel density estimation was used to generate a hotspot map. Third, to define high-priority restoration sites, each map was normalized and overlaid. As a result, three northern regions roads and two southern regions roads of Jeju Island were defined as high-priority restoration sites. Regarding Random Forest modeling, in the case of environmental variables, The importace was found to be a lot in the order of distance from the Oreum, elevation, distance from forest edge(outside) and distance from waterbody. The AUC(Area under the curve) value, which means discrimination capacity, was found to be 0.973 and support the statistical accuracy of prediction result. As a result of predicting the habitat of C. pygargus, it was found to be mainly distributed in forests, agricultural lands, and grasslands, indicating that it supported the results of previous studies.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.213-224
• /
• 2021

Objective: Clinical outcomes of patients who undergo transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for single small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are not consistent, and may differ based on certain imaging findings. This retrospective study was aimed at determining the efficacy of pre-TACE CT or MR imaging findings in predicting survival outcomes in patients with small HCC upon being treated with TACE. Besides, the study proposed to build a risk prediction model for these patients. Materials and Methods: Altogether, 750 patients with functionally good hepatic reserve who received TACE as the first-line treatment for single small HCC between 2004 and 2014 were included in the study. These patients were randomly assigned into training (n = 525) and validation (n = 225) sets. Results: According to the results of a multivariable Cox analysis, three pre-TACE imaging findings (tumor margin, tumor location, enhancement pattern) and two clinical factors (age, serum albumin level) were selected and scored to create predictive models for overall, local tumor progression (LTP)-free, and progression-free survival in the training set. The median overall survival time in the validation set were 137.5 months, 76.1 months, and 44.0 months for low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups, respectively (p < 0.001). Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves of the predictive models for overall, LTP-free, and progression-free survival applied to the validation cohort showed acceptable areas under the curve values (0.734, 0.802, and 0.775 for overall survival; 0.738, 0.789, and 0.791 for LTP-free survival; and 0.671, 0.733, and 0.694 for progression-free survival at 3, 5, and 10 years, respectively). Conclusion: Pre-TACE CT or MR imaging findings could predict survival outcomes in patients with small HCC upon treatment with TACE. Our predictive models including three imaging predictors could be helpful in prognostication, identification, and selection of suitable candidates for TACE in patients with single small HCC.

• 환경영향평가
• /
• 제33권2호
• /
• pp.64-73
• /
• 2024

개발사업으로 인한 서식지 파괴의 심각성이 대두되면서 생물다양성을 보전하기 위해 환경영향평가(EIA)의 중요성은 커지고 있다. 경관스케일에서 개발 요인과 주변 환경요인에 따른 생물다양성 영향을 정량적으로 평가하기 위해 선행연구들이 진행되고 있으나, 개발사업을 기준으로 생물다양성 감소에 영향을 미치는 요인에 대한 연구는 미흡한 실정이다. 본 연구는 선행연구를 통해 유효하다고 밝혀진 독립변수(사업 면적, 사업 유형, 고도, 생태·자연도, 녹지와의 이격거리, 보호구역과의 이격거리)들을 다중클래스 로지스틱 회귀분석, T-test, 사업 유형 검토분석을 통해 종풍부도 변화에 유의미한 영향을 미치는지를 검토하였다. 연구 결과, 토지 피복 단위에서 생물다양성에 영향을 끼치는 것으로 밝혀진 요인 중 사업 규모와 환경영향평가 시 종풍부도 값만이 p-value=0.05 이하의 값을 보였다. 그리고 사업 유형의 경우, 체육시설의 설치, 에너지 개발, 산업입지 및 산업단지의 조성에서 조류의 생물다양성 감소가 크게 변화하는 것을 확인하였다. 본 연구를 통해 분석 규모에 따라 영향을 끼치는 변수에서의 차이가 발생할 수 있음을 확인하였기에, 환경영향평가에서 생물다양성 변화를 분석하기 위해서는 개발사업 단위에서의 지표 활용에 연구가 추가로 필요할 것이며, 타 생물종으로의 일반화를 위해 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 문화기술의 융합
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.407-417
• /
• 2024

이 연구의 목적은 유해화학물질 중 하나인 염소를 운송하는 차량이 사고 등으로 전복되어 가스 누출 시 염소독성(ppm)에 의해 예상되는 피해를 예측하고 최소화를 위한 효율적 대응방안을 마련하는데 있다. 피해예측을 위해 염소차량 운행 중 운전자의 부주의 등으로 발생할 수 있는 염소 누출에 따른 독성(ppm) 피해거리를 ALOHA 프로그램을 적용하여 정량적으로 산정하였다. 독성가스 누출시 피해거리는 누출된 위험물의 양과 누출당시의 기상조건 등에 영향을 받는다. 따라서 위험물질의 누출량과 기상조건의 다양한 변화를 통해 피해거리를 다각적으로 분석하였다. 중간 이하의 조건(누출량:5ton, 풍속:3m/s, 대기안정도:D)으로 산정한 피해거리는 AEGL-2의 경우(LOC:2ppm) 9km로 나타났으며, 이는 염화수소의 독성과 유사하고 심각한 호흡장해 등 인명피해를 발생시킬 수 있는 농도이다. 특히, 도심지역에서의 누출은 대규모 인명피해로 연결될 수 있다. 이에 누출사고 발생 시 누출지점 및 누출량에 따른 적절한 대응을 통해 피해를 최소화 하는 방안을 제시하였다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.217-223
• /
• 2013

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide, and the outcomes for patients are still poor. It is important to determine the original type of synchronous multinodular HCC for preoperative assessment and the choice of treatment therapy as well as for the prediction of prognosis after treatment. Aims: To analyze clinicopathologic characteristics and prognoses in patients with multicentric occurrence (MO) and intrahepatic metastasis (IM) of synchronous multinodular hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: The study group comprised 42 multinodular HCC patients with a total of 112 nodules. The control group comprised 20 HCC patients with 16 single nodular HCC cases and 4 HCC cases with a portal vein tumor emboli. The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) D-loop region was sequenced, and the patients of the study group were categorized as MO or IM based on the sequence variations. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine the important clinicopathologic characteristics in the two groups. Results: In the study group, 20 cases were categorized as MO, and 22 as IM, whereas all 20 cases in the control group were characterized as IM. Several factors significantly differed between the IM and MO patients, including hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), cumulative tumor size, tumor nodule location, cirrhosis, portal vein and/or microvascular tumor embolus and the histological grade of the primary nodule. Multivariate analysis further demonstrated that cirrhosis and portal vein and/or microvascular tumor thrombus were independent factors differentiating between IM and MO patients. The tumor-free survival time of the MO subjects was significantly longer than that of the IM subjects ($25.7{\pm}4.8$ months vs. $8.9{\pm}3.1$ months, p=0.017). Similarly, the overall survival time of the MO subjects was longer ($31.6{\pm}5.3$ months vs. $15.4{\pm}3.4$ months, p=0.024). The multivariate analysis further demonstrated that the original type (p=0.035) and Child-Pugh grade (p<0.001) were independent predictors of tumor-free survival time. Cirrhosis (p=0.011), original type (p=0.034) and Child-Pugh grade (p<0.001) were independent predictors of overall survival time. Conclusions: HBeAg, cumulative tumor size, tumor nodule location, cirrhosis, portal vein and/or microvascular tumor embolus and histological grade of the primary nodule are important factors for differentiating IM and MO. MO HCC patients might have a favorable outcome compared with IM patients.