• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.20-28
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• 1993

From 1981 to 1991, twenty one vascularized bone grafts had been performed for the treatment of large bone defects of the extremities, with average follow-up of 65.4 months. Fibulae were used in 15 patients Including two cases of osteocutaneous flap, iliums in 5 including two of osteocutaneous flap, and osteocutneous rib in one. Ten of these patients were treated for segmental defects derived from trauma or infection sequelae of long bones, while eight for locally aggressive benign or malignant bone tumors ; and three for congenital pseudarthrosis of tibia. The location of the lesions were 8 cases in tibia; 7 in humerus ; 3 in forearm bone ; 2 in foot ; and 1 in femur. The length of bone defects were averaged as 10 cm, ranging from 3 to 17.5. In eighteen patients(85.7%), the operation was successful. The duration from operation to bony union was average 5.1 months on successful cases, and three of them needed additional procedures, such as bone graft and electrical stimulation to promote bony union. Local recurrence was found in one case of chondrosarcoma, resulting in AK amputation. Wound infections were noted each one case on donor or recipient site. In five cases, the fracture of grafted bone, which united with cast immobilization in four, occurred average 16.7 months after operation.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.147-150
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• 1996

In the benign bone tumor such a fibrous dysplasia, destructive lesion is generally treated by curettage and simple bone graft. Such lesions are unlikely to recur if treated local curettage with bone graft or simple excision of the lesion. When it is impossible to cure only with simple bone graft due to wide extent of tumor, vascularized fibular graft have been introduced for functional loss and appearance. The recurrence of the primary tumor in the grafted fibula is rare in benign bone lesion. We experienced a case of fibrous dysplasia which was recurred in the grafted fibula following the initial treatment with vascularized fibular graft. So we report a case of our experience.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.27-33
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• 2010

Analysis of gas accidents for 11.5 years, from 1998 to June, 2009, by types has been made in this study to prevent the recurrence of accidents through the analysis of gas accident occurring environment. Gas using environment and gas accidents are forced to be closely connected since the number of gas accidents has not only been decreased but occurred steadily and gas using types are changing by time period, weather, etc. in terms of accident contents. Gas accidents have been occurred more in capital areas with larger gas usage and specific local governments. The possibility of the gas accidents hit the highest when the weather is clear, the wind speed is low and the humidity is in the middle. In addition, leakage of gas, fire or explosion are also considered to be closely related with the weather as a result of model observance of gas accidents types. All the gas related possible accidents are also considered to be predictable if this result is to be analysed in association with the weather.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.91-94
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• 2011

Bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation (BPOP) otherwise known as Nora's lesion, is a benign surface tumor of the small tubular bone of the hands and feet with high probability of local recurrence. The report of BPOP in the foot is very rare in our country. We report a case of BPOP of proximal phalanx of right $3^{rd}$ toe in 44-year-old female, successfully managed by en-bloc marginal excision with a review of the literatures.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.61 no.4
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• pp.525-529
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• 2018

Objective : To evaluate the efficacy of fractionated stereotactic radiosurgery (FSRS) performed using the Novalis $Tx^{(R)}$ system (BrainLAB AG, Feldkirchen, Germany; Varian Medical Systems, Palo Alto, CA, USA) for brain metastases. Methods : Between March 2013 and July 2016, 23 brain metastases patients were admitted at a single institute. Twenty-nine lesions too large for single session stereotactic radiosurgery or located in the vicinity of eloquent structures were treated by FSRS. Based on the results obtained, we reviewed the efficacy and toxicity of FSRS for the treatment of brain metastases. Results : The most common lesion origin was lung (55%) followed by breast (21%). Median overall survival was 10.0 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.9-15.0), and median progression-free survival was 10.0 months (95% CI, 2.1-13.9). Overall survival rates at 1 and 2 years were 58.6% and 36.0%, respectively. Local recurrence and neurological complications affecting morbidity each occurred in two cases. Conclusion : FSRS using the $Novalis-Tx^{(R)}$ system would appear to be an effective, safe noninvasive treatment modality for large and eloquently situated brain metastases. Further investigation is required on a larger number of patients.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.361-364
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• 2009

Purpose: Sebaceous carcinoma is a rare malignant tumor derived from the adnexal epithelium of sebaceous glands. This tumor usually occurs on the eyelids, but uncommonly it may occur on the extraocular sites. It is characterized by a tendency of local recurrence and occasional metastasis. Surgical excision is appropriate treatment for patients with sebaceous carcinoma. Because this kind of case is rare, we report two cases of sebaceous carcinoma developed on scalp. Methods: Case 1 was a 69 - year - old woman. She visited the hospital with a $1.5{\times}2.5cm$ sized reddish yellow - colored, slowly growing mass on left parietal scalp. The mass began at birth and started growing at 5 years ago. Case 2 was a 67 - year - old woman. She had $2.5{\times}3.0cm$ sized yellow - colored mass on right parietal scalp. It occured at birth and started growing at 3 years ago. And the masses had erythematous ulcer with sanguineous discharge. In the beginning, the masses were miliary nodule. Results: CT scan and fine needle biopsy were done. Case 1 and 2 were diagnosed as sebaceous carcinoma. Wide excision with safety margin of 10 mm and split thickness skin graft was done. Histological examination revealed well demarcated, irregular, variable sized tumor lobules. Each lobule was composed of sebaceous and undifferentiated cells. Postoperatively, the patients did well and the lesion had not recurred. Conclusion: Sebaceous carcinoma is an aggressive malignant tumor. It often can be mistaken for other skin tumors. Authors experienced two rare cases of sebaceous carcinoma developed on scalp. We recommend early wide excision with enough safety margin as treatment of sebaceous carcinoma.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.283-288
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• 1988

However, long-term results of retrospective studies suggest that, for the great majority of individuals, mastectomy or conservative surgery with radiation therapy were be equally effective. The results at 5 and 10 years from prospective randomized trials indicate that survival following primary radiation therapy for early breast cancer is equivalent to that fellowing mastectomy. When competently Performed, Primary radiation therapy gives highly satisfactory cosmetic results and acceptably low rates of local tumor recurrence. A number of controversial issues remain concerning patient evaluation and selection and the optimal techniques of treatment, both surgical and radiotherapeutic. In addition, further work is needed to clearity the best way to integrate primary radiotherapy with adjuvant systemic treatment. And further follow-up of these patients with primary radiation therapy for early beast cancer will be required for ultimate proof of the relative merits. A case which was conservative surgery and radical irradiation of early breast cancer with review of literatures will be done.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.734-740
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• 1996

The relative importance of various factors influencing the prognosis and survival in the treatment of thymoma is still controversial. Sixty ave patients operated on for thymoma from Jan. 1981 to Dec. 1994 were evaluated, 28 patients (43.1 %) with myasthenia gravis and 37 patients (56.9%) without. Masaoka staging revealed stage I disease in 28 patie ts(4).1%) , stage ll in 1) patients(20.0%), stage 111 In 22 patients(33.8%), stage IVa in 1 patients(1.5%), and stage IVb in 1 patient(1.5%). There was no operative mortality. A complete resection was performed in 48 patients (73.8%) patients, associated in 10 patients (15.4%) with postoperative adjuvant treatment(radiotherapy 5; chemotherapy 1: radio- and chemotherapy 4). Thymomas were found to be predominantly of the epithelial type in 16 patients(24.6%), predominantly Iymphocytic type in 18 patients(27.7%), and mlxed in 22 patients (33.9%). The overall 5- and 10-year survival rates were 87% and 82%, respectively, Factors indicating a poor prognosis included local invasion, incomplete excision, thymic carcinoma, advanced staging and myasthenia gravis. The de- gree of tumor invasion turned out to be the main prognostic factor, and treatment should be planned ac- cordingly. The prognosis is best predicted by the stage of the tumor as determined intraoperatively and is poorer in patie ts with incomplete resection than in those with complete resection of the thynoma. No recurrence developed In patients with stage I disease.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.183-186
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• 2010

Purpose : Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is known for malignant tumor which has a favorable prognosis and long-term survival. Although the prognosis for patients with PTC is generally good, PTC tends to have highly metastatic property. The purpose of this study was to analyze the central compartment lymph node in papillary thyroid cancer with no lymph node metastasis clinically and to assess the significance of prophylactic node dissection. Methods : A retrospective review was carried out in 394 patients with PTC who underwent surgery for the period from January 2004 to December 2006. The positive rate of the lymph node metastasis was analyzed. The relations between the central compartment lymph nodes and the patients' age, gender, tumor size, exrathyroidal extension(ETE), multifocality, and bilaterality were comparatively analyzed in PTC patients with preoperative no lymph node metastasis. Results : The enrolled patients were 40 male and 354 female cases. The 118 cases of them were found to have cervical lymph node metastasis. The mean age was 46 years(range, 15-77years). Tumor size(p=0.000), ETE(p=0.001), multifocality(p=0.014), and bilaterality(p=0.001) were significantly related factors for cervical lymph node metastasis clinically in papillary thyroid cancer. However, age and gender were not significantly related with lymph node metastasis. Conclusion : Although no lymph node metastasis clinically, prophylactic neck node dissection can be performed to avoid risks of local recurrence and reoperation in the light of PTC nature. The pathological status and high positive rate of central compartment lymph node relate to tumor size and extrathyroidal extension. Close surveillance for nodal status is required in follow-up.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.243-246
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• 2010

Purpose : Eosinophilic granuloma is a rare benign tumor that is characterized histologically by the presence of destructive granulomas containing numerous Langerhans, cells. The most common presentation of eosinophilic granuloma is a painful, immobile scalp mass in the frontal and parietal bones occurring predominantly in children and adolescents or young adults. We report a representative case of eosinophilic granuloma. Methods : A 16-year-old woman complained of an enlarging fixed scalp mass without pain and tenderness which measured $3{\times}4.5cm$ at the frontal area, which had been found incidentally 2 months before. Plain skull x-ray showed a punched-out bone lesion. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed a non-enhancing osteolytic lesion. The tumor and surrounding bony edges were completely removed via a bicoronal approach. The bony defect was reconstructed with bone cement. Results : The tumor was involved frontal bone and dura mater. We confirmed the tumor by the documentation of Birbeck's granules by electron microscopy. There is no evidence of local recurrence during postoperative 1.5 years. Conclusion : The present case shows the characteristic feature of frontal bone involvment of the eosinophilic granuloma. The prognosis of eosinophilic granuloma depend on age at diagnosis and number of bones involved. We consider that best choice of treatment for eosinophilic granuloma is surgical excision.