• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.11b
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• pp.274-279
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• 2001

An experimental investigation of heat transfer characteristics at the surface of two-dimensional protruding heated blocks using confined impinging multiple slot jets has been performed. The effects of jet-to-jet distances(S=16B, 24B), dimensionless nozzle-to-block distances(H/B=2, 6) and jet Reynolds numbers(Re=2000, 3900, 5800, 7800) on the local and average heat transfer coefficients have been examined with five isothermally heated blocks at streamwise block spacing(p/w=1). To clarify local heat transfer characteristics, naphthalene sublimation technique was used. From the results, it was found that the local and average heat transfer of heated blocks increases with decreasing jet-to-jet distance and increasing jet Reynolds number. Measurements of local heat transfer coefficients have given an indication of the nature of the interaction between jets and of the uniformity of heat transfer obtainable with various arrangements. In the case of S/B=16, H/B=6 and Re=7800, maximum average Nusselt number of overall blocks was obtained.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.525-540
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• 2015

Spatial distribution of precipitation has been estimated based on the local gauge correction (LGC) with a fixed inverse distance weighting (IDW), which is not optimized in taking effective radius into account depending on the radar error. We developed an algorithm, improved local gauge correction (ILGC) which eliminates outlier in radar rainrate errors and optimize distance power for IDW. ILGC was statistically examined the hourly cumulated precipitation from weather for the heavy rain events. Adjusted radar rainfall from ILGC is improved to 50% compared with unadjusted radar rainfall. The accuracy of ILGC is higher to 7% than that of LGC, which resulted from a positive effect of the optimal algorithm on the adjustment of quantitative precipitation estimation from weather radar.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.39-42
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• 2021

The article examines the opit of foreign authors on the problem distance education, it was found that at present there are many opinions about distance and e-education, but there is no single accepted definition; clarified the definition of distance education in the framework of this work; the main tools of Internet marketing were highlighted, outlined main characteristics, as well as advantages and disadvantages; the tools of promotion on the Internet have been analyzed.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.193-202
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• 2018

This paper studied the probability of pounding occurred between decks and abutments of a long span high-pier continuous rigid fame bridge subjected to ground motions with local soil effect. A pounding probability analysis methodology has been proposed using peak acceleration at bedrock as intensity measure (IM) for multi-support seismic analysis. The bridge nonlinear finite element (FE) models was built with four different separation distances. Effect of actual site condition and non-uniform spatial soil profiles on seismic wave propagating from bedrock to ground surface is modelled. Pounding probability of the high-pier bridge under multi-support seismic excitations (MSSE) is analyzed based on the nonlinear incremental dynamic analysis (n-IDA). Pounding probability results under uniform excitations (UE) without actual local site effect are compared with that under MSSE with site effect. The study indicates that the required design separation length between deck and abutment under uniform excitations is larger than that under MSSE as the peak acceleration at bedrock increases. As the increase of both separation distance between deck and abutment and the peak acceleration, the probability of pounding occurred at a single abutment or at two abutments simultaneously under MSSE is less than that under UE. It is of great significance considering actual local site effect for determining the separation distance between deck and abutment through the probability pounding analysis of the high-pier bridge under MSSE.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• no.5
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• pp.63-78
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• 1999

In this paper, I explain why local obviation (Condition B of Chomskys binding theory) should be viewed as a relative phenomenon, and establish a correlation between Local Obviation (henceforth LO) effects and the Referential Hierarchy of Korean anaphors proposed in Lee (1997): ku (he) > caki (self) > casin (self) > cakicasin (selfself) = selo (each other). I show that LO characterized as a relative phenomenon may enable us to view Conditions B and C of the binding theory simply as an instantiation of varying degrees of (long distance) disjoint reference effects on the same continuum.

• Journal of Applied Reliability
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.15-25
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the success factor of local food markets compared to other types of markets such as large discount stores. Methods: SWOT analysis was conducted. In addition to the analysis, we also have interviewed the local farmers and retailers to elaborate the analysis results. Results: The study shows the success factors to the local markets are minimizing the stages of distribution channels, shortening the travel distance from producers to consumers, providing fresh foods, maintaining small amount of production system, and supporting customers. Conclusion: Customer satisfaction is one of the key factors for the successful growth of local food markets. It is strongly recommend to find strategic ways of meeting customer needs since the local food markets are facing tough competition form the large retail stores armed with huge amount of capitals and infrastructures.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.33
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• pp.53-86
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• 2006

This paper presents comparative analysis of the traits of personal network structure shaping in local press organizations of Korea. For this analysis, this study attempts to investigate three topics. First, the density traits of personal network structure in the whole of local press organization. Second, the comparison of density trait shaping in personal network structure between press section of local broadcasting stations and local newspaper companies. Third, the positional trait in each local press organization. To answer the questions, the data concerning commissioners and executive members in local daily newspapers and local broadcasting organizations from the Civic Government to the People's Government have been collected and analyzed. The interconnections of regional(birthplace) and educational(university graduated) aspect were analyzed via methods of cross analysis, density analysis and correspondence analysis. In brief, major findings of this study are as follows ; As a result of analyzing cross analysis and density analysis of the personal network based of regional and educational aspect, the numerical value of density was too high on the whole of local press organizations. But, especially local newspaper companies has been showed that was higher density compared with press section of local broadcasting stations. And, positional distance between local press organizations were showed obviously in the case of regional(birthplace) aspect. But, in case of educational aspect, positional distance were showed obviously between commissioners and executive members.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.1008-1018
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• 2015

In this paper, we propose a method that constructs a saliency map in which important regions are accurately specified and the colors of the regions are less influenced by the similar surrounding colors. Our method utilizes LBP(Local Binary Pattern) histogram information to compare and analyze texture information of surrounding regions in order to reduce the effect of color information. We extract the saliency of stereoscopic images by integrating a 2D saliency map with depth information of stereoscopic images. We then measure the distance between two different sizes of the LBP histograms that are generated from pixels. The distance we measure is texture difference between the surrounding regions. We then assign a saliency value according to the distance in LBP histogram. To evaluate our experimental results, we measure the F-measure compared to ground-truth by thresholding a saliency map at 0.8. The average F-Measure is 0.65 and our experimental results show improved performance in comparison with existing other saliency map extraction methods.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.751-757
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• 2012

In order to develop specific genetic markers and determine the genetic diversity of Bangladeshi native cattle (Pabna, Red Chittagong) and exotic breeds (Sahiwal), randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was performed using 12 primers. Genomic DNA was extracted from 20 cattle (local and exotic) blood samples and extracted DNA was observed by gel electrophoresis. Among the random primers three were matched and found to be polymorphic. Genetic relations between cattle's were determined by RAPD polymorphisms from a total of 66.67%. Statistical analysis of the data, estimating the genetic distances between cattle and sketching the cluster trees were estimated by using MEGA 5.05 software. Comparatively highest genetic distance (0.834) was found between RCC-82 and SL-623. The lowest genetic distance (0.031) was observed between M-1222 and M-5730. The genetic diversity of Red Chittagong and Sahiwal cattle was relatively higher for a prescribed breed. Adequate diversity in performance and adaptability can be exploited from the study results for actual improvement accruing to conservation and development of indigenous cattle resources.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.617-627
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• 2007

The problems of agriculture and food production in Korea are serious. These problems were brought about by the global food system. In this system, farmers and consumers are disconnected. The distance between food production on the farm to the consumer's table is too long. Farmers can not survive as their food dollar is steadily decreasing. Consumers have to eat old, unclean, and poor-quality foods because the foods do not come from nearby farms. They do not know where their food has come from or by whom their food was grown. In order to solve these problems, the transition from the global food system to a local food system is imperative. In a local food system, farmers and consumers are connected and they can help each other. This study identifies the consumers' role in the local food system. They are the purchasers of local food. They are active participants both in producing and distributing local food, and in taking part in the local food movement. Above all, they are the teachers of the younger generation consumers. While consumers in the global food system are passive, those in the local food system are active. We call the former "food illiterates" and the latter "food citizens." In order to revitalize the local food system, consumers must be food citizens, and therefore, consumer education is necessary. There are several interdependent media forms available for consumer education such as field trips, farm experiences, education for returning to the farm, and food education.