• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.339-349
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• 2017

In this paper, a conventional refined plastic hinge analysis is improved to account for the effects of local buckling and lateral-torsional buckling. The degradation of flexural strength caused by these effects is implicitly considered using practical LRFD equation. The second-order effect is captured using stability functions to minimize modeling and solution time. An incremental-iterative scheme based on the generalized displacement control method is employed to solve the nonlinear equilibrium equations. A computer program is developed to predict the second-order inelastic behavior of space steel frames. To verify the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed program, the obtained results are compared with the existing results and those generated using the commercial finite element package ABAQUS. It can be concluded that the proposed program proves to be a reliable and effective tool for daily use in engineering design.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제21권10호
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• pp.1598-1608
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• 1997

Based on the application of te theory of conjugate approximations and the Loubignac's iterative method in a local region, a method to improve the stress filed in a displacement-formulated finite element solution has been proposed. The validity of the proposed method has been tested through two examples : a thick cylinder under internal pressure loading and an infinite plate with a central circular hole subjected to uniaxial tension. As a result of analysis of the examples, it was found that the stress field obtained for the local region model by the proposed method approximates well for the whole domain model. In addition, it was found that because of a significant decrease in the computing time to obtain the improved stress field, the proposed method is efficient and useful for the detailed stress analysis in local regions.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제80권6호
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• pp.737-747
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• 2021

The objective of seismic resilience is to maintain or rapidly restore the function of a building after an earthquake. An efficient tilt mechanism at the member level is crucial for the restoration of the main structure function; however, the damage resistance of the members should be the main focus. In this study, through a comparison with the classical Flamant theory of local loading in the elastic half-space, an elastomechanical solution for the axial-stress distribution of a reinforced-concrete (RC) rocking column was derived. Furthermore, assuming that the lateral displacement of the rocking column is determined by the contact surface rotation angle of the column end and bending and shear deformation of the column body, the load-lateral displacement mechanical model of the RC rocking column was established and validated through a comparison with finite-element simulation results. The axial-compression ratio and column-end strength were analyzed, and the results indicated that on the premise of column damage resistance, simply increasing the axial-compression ratio increases the lateral loading capacity of the column but is ineffective for improving the lateral-displacement capacity. The lateral loading and displacement of the column are significantly improved as the strength of the column end material increases. Therefore, it is feasible to improve the working performance of RC rocking columns via local reinforcement of the column end.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제63권2호
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• pp.251-257
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• 2017

A local damage identification method using measured structural static displacement is proposed in this study. Based on the residual force vector deduced from the static equilibrium equation, residual strain energy (RSE) is introduced, which can localize the damage in the element level. In the case of all the nodal displacements are used, the RSE can localize the true location of damage, while incomplete displacement measurements are used, some suspicious damaged elements can be found. A model updating method based on static displacement response sensitivity analysis is further utilized for accurate identification of damage location and extent. The proposed method is verified by two numerical examples. The results indicate that the proposed method is efficient for damage identification. The advantage of the proposed method is that only limited static displacement measurements are needed in the identification, thus it is easy for engineering application.

• 항공우주시스템공학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2021

In this study, a new design of an extension-type actuator (ExACT) is proposed based on a chevron structure with displacement amplification mechanisms by local heating. ExACT comprises diamond-shaped displacement amplification structures (DASs) containing axially oriented V-shaped chevron beams, a support bar that restricts lateral heat deformation, and a loading slot for thin-film heaters. On heating the thin film heater, the diamond-shaped DASs undergo thermal expansion. However, lateral expansion is restricted by the support bar, leading to displacement amplification in the axial direction. The performance parameters of ExACT such as temperature distribution and extended displacement is calculated using thermo-mechanical analysis methods with the finite element method (FEM) tool. Subsequently, the ExACTs are fabricated using a polymer-based 3D printer capable of reproducing complex structures, and the performance of ExACTs is evaluated under various temperature conditions. Finally, the performance evaluation results were compared with those of the FEM analysis.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.139-152
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• 2004

Two subjects, an expert and a novice, were carefully selected based upon their foot speed. Three dimensional videography was used in the assessment of roundhouse kicking of the Tae-kwon-Do. The local reference frames were imbedded at the trunk, pelvis, thigh and shank. Anatomical angular displacement at the joints were measured by projecting the upper segment's local axes to the lower segment's local reference planes. The local axes again projected to the global reference frames and absolved each segment's movement. The peaks of the anatomical angular displacement curve assessed as the countermovements and the angular movements of the segments in the global space absolved in light of the occurrence of the countermovements. The expert showed larger and more countermovements than the novice at the all segments. The counterrnovement occured more clearly at the trunk than the hip and knee joint and during the preparative movement phase. These countermovements occurrence were due to either by turning upper or lower segments and controlled by the turning direction and sequence of the two nearby segments. It was revealed that the countermovements of the trunk during the preparative movement phase was the important factor of the power kicking.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.13-18
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• 2013

높이/길이 비가 0.86을 가지는 폭발챔버 내에서 전파하는 화염과 서로 다른 형태의 다중 장애물 사이의 상호작용을 조사하기 위해 폭발실험을 수행하였다. 챔버 내에 장애물 형태는 삼각기둥, 사각기둥 및 원통형으로 변화시켰으며, 장애물의 blockage ratio는 0.43으로 하였다. 전파하는 화염과 장애물 형태에 따른 상호작용을 조사하기 위해 고속카메라를 사용하였으며, 고속카메라로 얻어진 화염 이미지로부터 장애물 주위의 국부 화염속도 및 그 화염속도의 확률밀도함수를 계산하였다. 실험결과, 장애물 형태가 삼각형이었을 때 국부 화염속도가 가장 높게, 원형에서는 가장 낮게 나타났으며, 장애물 후류에서의 국부 화염속도는 장애물 형태에 큰 의존성을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 전파하는 화염이 장애물 후류의 미연소가스의 유동과 상호작용할 때 국부 화염속도의 확률밀도함수는 화염속도가 높은 방향으로 광범위하게 분포되는 것으로 나타났다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.135-154
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• 2002

This paper presents the convected material frame approach to study the nonlinear behavior of inelastic frame structures. The convected material frame approach is a modification of the co-rotational approximation by incorporating an adaptive convected material frame in the basic definition of the displacement vector and strain tensor. In the formulation, each discrete element is associated with a local coordinate system that rotates and translates with the element. For each load increment, the corresponding strain-displacement and nodal force-stress relationships are defined in the updated local coordinates, and based on the updated element geometry. The rigid body motion and deformation displacements are decoupled for each increment. This modified approach incorporates the geometrical nonlinearities through the continuous updating of the material frame geometry. A generalized nonlinear function is used to derive the inelastic constitutive relation and the kinematic hardening is considered. The equation of motion is integrated by an explicit procedure and it involves only vector assemblage and vector storage in the analysis by assuming a lumped mass matrix of diagonal form. Several numerical examples are demonstrated in close agreement with the solutions obtained by the ANSYS code. Numerical studies show that the proposed approach is capable of investigating large deflection of inelastic planar structures and providing an excellent numerical performance.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.70-78
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• 2023

선행연구에서는 지중경사계의 문제점인 1) 지중경사계관 설치의 어려움, 2) 단면 변위 파악의 한계성, 3) 인력 중심의 계측 방식을 해결하기 위한 2D LiDAR 센서 기반의 흙막이 벽체 변위 계측 시스템을 개발하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 선행연구에서 개발된 흙막이 벽체 변위 계측 시스템 내 탑재될 변위 분석 알고리즘을 선정하는 것이다. 변위 분석 알고리즘 선정 결과, 변위 추정 오차가 2mm인 M3C2 알고리즘이 흙막이 벽체 변위 분석 알고리즘으로 선정되었다. 본 연구 결과에서 선정된 M3C2 알고리즘이 흙막이 벽체 변위 계측 시스템에 탑재되고 수차례의 현장 실험을 통해 변위 분석 결과의 신뢰성이 담보될 경우 흙막이 벽체 변위 계측 시스템이 현행 계측관리 대비 변위 계측의 편리성 측면에서 효과적으로 흙막이 벽체의 변위를 관리할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.937-945
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• 2014

Multi-modal biometric system can use another biometric trait in the case of having deficiency at a biometric trait. It also has an advantage of improving the performance of personal identification by using multiple biometric traits, so studies on new biometric traits have continuously been performed. The inner face of finger is a relatively new biometric trait. It has two major features of knuckle lines and wrinkles, which can be used as discriminative features. This paper proposes a finger identification method based on displacement vector to effectively process some variation appeared in contactless hand image. At first, the proposed method produces displacement vectors, which are made by connecting corresponding points acquired by matching each pair of local block. It then recognize finger by measuring the similarity among all the detected displacement vectors. The experimental results using pubic CASIA hand image database show that the proposed method may be effectively applied to personal identification.