• Applied Microscopy
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• v.51
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• pp.7.1-7.9
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• 2021

Neuromorphic systems require integrated structures with high-density memory and selector devices to avoid interference and recognition errors between neighboring memory cells. To improve the performance of a selector device, it is important to understand the characteristics of the switching process. As changes by switching cycle occur at local nanoscale areas, a high-resolution analysis method is needed to investigate this phenomenon. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is used to analyze the local changes because it offers nanoscale detection with high-resolution capabilities. This review introduces various types of AFM such as conductive AFM (C-AFM), electrostatic force microscopy (EFM), and Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) to study switching behaviors.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.17-23
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• 2009

The influence of different forming elements on the local paper structure and the related paper properties was investigated in this study. Specifically, a conventional papermaking foil system and a velocity induced drainage (VID) system were compared. The study involved the analysis of the product samples obtained from the commercial machine trials. The paper samples produced with VID forming systems showed better formation. The deterministic patter in the local structural profile map of the Foil samples indicated the structure of foil samples was more supple after forming process and then easier to be marked by various fabrics such as wet pressing fabric. The higher bulk was observed in the VID samples, which resulted in higher scattering coefficient, lower ZDT strength, and higher bending stiffness.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.303-309
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• 2001

It is well known that the electrical impedance of biological tissues is very sensitive to their temperature. In this paper, we have analyzed the effects of temperature change on the phase of magnetic resonance images obtained with external current injection. It has been found that the local phase in the current injected magnetic resonance image can be changed noticeably when local temperature change appears at a part of the tissue. At the experiments with a 0.3 Tesla MRI system, we observed the local phase changes at the phantom images when the phantom temperature was varied between 25 -45$^{\circ}C$. We think that the current injection MRI technique can be used for in-vivo monitoring of the temperature inside biiological tissues if the relation between the local temperature and phase can be quantified.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.77-94
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• 2016

This paper examines the empirical magnitude of local human capital spillovers in Korea during the 1980s and mid-1990s. Local human capital spillovers exists if plants in regions with a higher level of human capital can produce more given their own amount of input (Moretti 2004c). In particular, this paper explores an educational reform in South Korea which exogenously induced a large amount of variation in regional human capital levels. Using annually collected plant level data, I explore the effect of changes in the regional human capital levels induced by this reform on plant productivity in Korea. My results suggest that this effect is limited. I find a positive correlation between a regional level of human capital and plant productivity. However, after further addressing endogeneity using an instrumental variable, the effect of the overall regional human capital level on productivity decreases and becomes statistically insignificant.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.58 no.5
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• pp.885-890
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• 2009

A fault location algorithm using estimated local source impedance after a fault is proposed in this paper. The method uses after fault data only at the local end. It uses the negative sequence current distribution factor for more accurate estimation. The proposed algorithm can keep up with the variation of the local source impedance. Therefore, the proposed algorithm especially is valid for a transmission line interconnected to a wind farm that the equivalent source impedance changes continuously. The performance of the proposed algorithm was verified under various fault conditions using the Simpowersystem of MATLAB Simulink. The proposed algorithm is largely insensitive to the variation in fault distance and fault resistance. The test results show a very high accurate performance.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.39-45
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• 2016

This paper deals with the consideration of mathematical models with regards to growth of cluster and firms by reviewing the Metcalf and Breuner's articles. prior studies have been argued the phenomenon of local industrial clusters and districts. Several concepts have been adopted to support the success of and changes to these clusters and firm growth. Through the review of two papers, evolution of both cluster and firm growth may be achieved in terms of utilizations of the different local aspects and mechanisms. This paper supports the theoretical back bone with regards to the regional cluster policy implementing in Korea for the purpose of regional developments. In particular, a mathematical model that, on a more abstract level, captures the fundamental dynamic structure of all the observed mechanisms. On the basis of this model, the emergence and evolution of local clusters can be described. Also this model has given that the knowledge sharing between firms has an important role to firms and cluster' growth.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.95-102
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• 2019

This paper mainly studies two films created by Huo Jianqi, Nuan and Postman in the Mountains, and analyzes the aesthetic style of Huo Jianqi's local movies in three parts. The first part deals with the characteristics of Huo Jianqi's local movies and discusses the theme selection, theme performance, character creation and emotional expression of the film. The second part elaborates Huo Jianqi's film and television works from three aspects: picture language, voice language and color language, which further reflects Huo Jianqi's aesthetic style. The third part analyses the puzzlement in the development of local films and how to develop them. With its unique oriental aesthetics, unique perspectives, unique rural scenery and characteristics, Chinese local movies have become the most representative of the overall level and style of Chinese movies. Chinese local film is the reflection and care of Chinese local culture, showing strong regional local culture, regionality is its distinct feature. Since the reform and opening up, with the changes of the times and the renewal of film directors, local films have shown distinct characteristics of the times. Through the analysis of Huo Jianqi's aesthetic style of local movies, this paper hopes to provide some valuable reference and inspiration for the development of Chinese local movies.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.297-305
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• 2024

As society changes rapidly, the role and status of general education has produced many changes, and accordingly, it is forming a close relationship with various social and cultural environments around the school. Especially, the direction in which general education should proceed and the development of regional-linked general education models have been actively studied at a time when the relationship between local regions and universities is getting strong. In this study, we have provided significant policy implications related to the development and application of future university-local cooperation models by developing a subject of community service activities based learning (CSAL) to get closer to community service and by analyzing actual educational cases and applying them to real community service organizations. In addition, we closely collaborated with local volunteer organizations operated by this local government system to connect with local community service, and through this, we reviewed actual cooperative classes with a local university and local volunteer organizations for the class curriculum, and developed a model to activate the university-local educational ecosystem.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.33-40
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• 2015

This study is aimed at exploring the direction and characteristics of Japanese medical facility improvement in each area, a move to strengthen local medical services. Also, this study is intended to establish implications for Korea, which has similar social conditions as Japan's. Based on the findings, Japanese medical facility improvement has the following characteristics. First, as for medical service supply system, the linkage between facilities was being strengthened. The purpose is to share the functions and roles of limited medical facilities. It allows patients to receive complete medical services in one area. Second, local public health facilities were consolidated to boost their management efficiency and to improvement their original functions. Third, local medical facility roles were divided into different levels. The purpose is to treat patients more efficiently depending on their diseases. In other words, the cooperative medical system was strengthened by dividing the roles of medical facilities. It is aimed at treating each patient more systematically depending on their conditions in line with the treatment stage. The findings suggest the following for Korea. In order to supply and maintain stable medical services regionally in line with social changes, functional issues of medical facilities should be tackled consistently and systematically.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.67 no.4
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• pp.417-425
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• 2018

The main aim of this paper is to investigate the bending of Euler-Bernouilli nano-beams made of bi-directional functionally graded materials (BDFGMs) using Eringen's non-local elasticity theory in the integral form with compare the differential form. To the best of the researchers' knowledge, in the literature, there is no study carried out into integral form of Eringen's non-local elasticity theory for bending analysis of BDFGM Euler-Bernoulli nano-beams with arbitrary functions. Material properties of nano-beam are assumed to change along the thickness and length directions according to arbitrary function. The approximate analytical solutions to the bending analysis of the BDFG nano-beam are derived by using the Rayleigh-Ritz method. The differential form of Eringen's non-local elasticity theory reveals with increasing size effect parameter, the flexibility of the nano-beam decreases, that this is unreasonable. This problem has been resolved in the integral form of the Eringen's model. For all boundary conditions, it is clearly seen that the integral form of Eringen's model predicts the softening effect of the non-local parameter as expected. Finally, the effects of changes of some important parameters such as material length scale, BDFG index on the values of deflection of nano-beam are studied.